By Neil Lock
For those currently in the southern UK or Northern Europe, this requires no introduction. For our American and further-afield friends, I’ll just say that the “climate change” hype in the UK has not died down in the last few months as it has in many places elsewhere, but rather intensified. We have been promised this:
And this:
37C at 16:00. Remember that. And 38C for the high of the day.
The remainder of this essay will simply be screen dumps from the Met Office website, and brief commentaries on them.
Taken at 16:23 on 24th June 2026
No 37C reading I can see. I’m a little way north and east of the centre of that dodecagon of stations, by the way. 35 miles by road from both Heathrow and Charlwood (which is right off the end of the runway at Gatwick), and a little further from Shoreham. If I understand right, the Met Office does not now use measurements from any actual stations closer to me than these 10. And the forecasts for where I live are “in-filled” from the data from the 10.
Taken at 16:42
They are telling me it’s 37 degrees here, when even Heathrow has recorded only 35? And at this time of day, wouldn’t you expect the temperature to be going down, not up?
Taken at 17:14
Still no measurements, but here’s their temperature “forecast” for 14 minutes ago:
Odd how they don’t forecast for the same places as they take the measurements, eh?
Taken at 17:33
So, Kenley – the nearest station to me that is no longer a busy airport – has gone up to 34. But there’s still nothing above 35. Where’s the 37?
Taken at 17:42
So, now they tell me it’s 36C here, still hotter than Heathrow. Not a chance. Oh, and the high for the day here was 38C. Even less chance.
I remember June 26th, 1976. 98F (36.7C) was recorded at the Southampton Weather Centre. Where I was, playing in a brass band at a fete in Haslemere, Surrey, one of our big tubas physically seized up. It hasn’t been nearly that hot today.
If the Met Office declares that a new record UK June temperature was set today in South-East England, they’re lying.
We were told that the record was set at Gosport weather station. This station is in the town centre. Need I say more?
“Weather stations at Charlwood, Wisley and Wiggonholt also beat the previous record as the heatwave impacts the UK.”
https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/news-and-media/media-centre/weather-and-climate-news/2026/uk-june-maximum-temperature-record-provisionally-broken#:~:text=The%20UK%20has%20provisionally%20set,UK%20daily%20temperature%20records%20broken.
Charlwood.. Hilarious case of a Met-office really bad garbage weather site…
Wisley… Which site are they using…
Wiggonholt.. also class 5 at best.. totally inappropriate for comparing temperatures over time.
Its almost as if the Met-Office don’t give a stuff about measuring anything properly !
Deliberate….. or just plain laziness, incompetence and ignorance. !!
But the two questions are:
What’s causing it appears to be weather – a particular configuration of blocking high, bringing hot air up from the Sahara. This is the usual way in which the UK gets heat waves in summer. The contention by the climatists is that current temps are higher than they would otherwise be, because the Sahara is warmer than it would otherwise be, because global warming.
I’m quite skeptical. The chain of reasoning and attribution is so tenuous. You have first to show that there is extra warmth in the Sahara, then show that it can be attributed to global warming, then show that this warming is enough to raise UK temps.
As to all the talk about highest June temps ever, its just a few days and whether the temps happen in June or 10 days later in July has no significance. So color me skeptical. There has to be some really detailed and rigorous argument to show that an extra degree in a UK June weather system can really be attributed to higher global temps via higher Sahara temps. And then you have to show these higher Sahara temps are due to emissions, and not to natural fluctuations.
But then we come to the essential question: suppose you have shown there really are higher temps during a heat wave, and suppose you can show its due to a hotter Sahara. What then is the optimal policy response for the wellbeing of the UK people? And here the current Labour administration (and the previous Conservative one) seem to have gone completely off the rails. They are trying to move the country’s electricity generation to wind and solar without providing for intermittency, and while increasing demand by moving everyone to EVs and heat pumps. It cannot be done, and if it were done would be as rational a response to the heat wave as asking everyone to stand on their heads. And have as much effect.
Do they really think moving to wind and solar in the UK is somehow going to cool the Sahara?
The latest crazed UK moves on energy are Miliband’s intention of banning heated towel rails and underfloor heating (which last you need if you are using heat pumps). And Labour councils seem to be banning air conditioning and demanding home owners who have installed it take it out. Let them open the windows! Once again, if you are right about a coming climate crisis, current threats to health from these supposed unprecedented temps, and in future still higher UK summer temps, how is this a rational response to it? But of course if you are bent on detroying the electricity grid by moving to wind and solar, you do need to find some way of reducing demand. So then you have to ask do people really believe that banning domestic air con is going to solve the problem with wind and solar? How?
This isn’t a climate or energy policy, its complete madness.
Need to further emphasize the point that over taxing the grid will cause blackouts and blackouts result in no AC. No AC means people die.
Miliband and the rest of them have lost touch with reality.
It’s either that, or they are real traitors to their country. For the most part, I think it is just ignorance, and an inability to understand what they are seeing.
I hope it doesn’t take financial disaster to snap UK voters out of voting for incompetent leadership.
You dare question the high priests of “climate science”? You risk being pilloried and prosecuted for heresy in the grand court of public opinion.
Being pilloried is the price of being a true leader who is ahead of the curve.
If you wait until everyone is ready to hear what they need to hear, rather than what they want to hear, then the chances are a time will come when armageddon, entirely avoidable, will prevail.
It’s 36 years since I first spoke heretically, not particularly publicly, about climate. I was banned from the Guardian comment sections for speaking climate truth (Comment is only free if you toe the Katherine Viner line and all that).
Finding a political home as a climate realist is hard as I am also a committed anti-warmonger. It seems that climate realism cosegregates with kissing warmongering US asses in UK politics. Not my cup of tea. And it also seems that anti-warmongering correlates with climate nonsense too in the UK, which makes that avenue not worth pursuing actively.
Quite extraordinary that there is not a single political movement out there that embraces climate realism, peaceful global trading and energy security common sense.
Oh, but there is. Reform UK champion climate realism and sane energy policies. Their record on being anti-war has not yet really been tested, and they’re not perfect in several other ways, but I have found them sufficiently interesting to get involved as campaign manager for my local Reform UK branch.
The cause of the higher temperatures is explained below .
There’s a heat dome across Western Europe, already warm air is trapped under an area of high pressure. The high pressure above causes the air below to experience an increase in pressure, which causes an increase in temperature through an adiabatic process. See attached image from the bbc, who have previously failed to mention the effect of downward pressure on temperature, and which I complained to them about, and it appears that the complaint sort of worked.
The physiological problems with the heat as experienced in the U.K. is the relative humidity being quite high, that means that sweat cannot evaporate as easily, which is the way the body tries to keep homeostasis, continuous sweating reduces water in the
And it’s not in the town centre.
See below:
It’s actually a grassy heliport set just south of an inlet from the Solent.
Yes, so historically significant heat present over southern UK and Western Europe.
Are you equally rigorous in documenting historically significant cold over parts of the world quite a long way away from the UK and Europe?
Translating ‘a very hot 3 day weather period in the UK and Western Europe’ = global boiling isn’t very scientific.
Would you also like to remind us of the statistics concerning UK Met Office/BBC weather forecasts of extreme heat the past 10 years and how often the predictions 1-3 days before were BELOW the recorded maxima and how often the predictions 1-3 days before were WELL ABOVE the recorded maxima?
My local region (NW London) went from predictions of 39C for both Wednesday AND Thursday 24 hrs ahead to 34/35C 12 hrs ahead. This isn’t consistent with calm scientific observations, it’s entirely consistent with calculated propaganda and scaremongering.
I don’t get scared as I don’t trust the UK Establishment farther than I can throw it. I learned the hard way in my 20s that trusting so called ‘experts’ put my health at risk. So I require experts to justify their ‘expertise’ through proving their competence over a number of years.
The reason people have serious concerns about the probity of meteorologists and the MSM is that they always hype things on the global boiling side. Always. It’s a religion nowadays.
It’s not just about temperatures, it’s about ‘you’re all going to starve’ (food production has not been adversely affected between 1990 and 2025, so that is blatant lying); it’s about ‘we’ve never seen anything like this before EVER’ when I have personal experiences to disprove a few of those (like rain on the glacier near Jungfraujoch in the 2020s merely repeating what happened in December 1989); it’s about ‘it’s all your fault!’ when all the evidence from retreating glaciers suggests that trees grew at higher altitudes centuries ago than more recently (presumably due to previous warm periods?). Etc etc.
All the unbiased, undoctored evidence suggests that global weather oscillates significantly around moving means and the amplitude of such oscillations has been just as large long before humans started burning oil and gas.
So yes: we’ve had a very hot week in the UK. Unusually hot.
But no: 3 days of extreme heat does not turn the UK into the Sahara Desert, nor into Southern Spain.
Yes, I saw that, after having sent the story to Charles. There seem to be two sites claiming to give Gosport temperatures. https://www.weatheringosport.co.uk/ showed a high of 36.8C at 16.28. The detailed graph at https://www.weatheringosport.co.uk/3DAY/History_Vantage_Pro_Plus_1.htm shows a big peak yesterday afternoon, but that doesn’t look higher than 36.5C at most.
The other site is https://www.gosportweather.co.uk/. It is showing a station all time high of 35.4C, set yesterday. I don’t know which of these is the “official” Gosport station, or whether indeed there is a third. (I am 40 miles from central Portsmouth, so a little further from Gosport).
There is a Gosport weather station in the MOD site – https://www.nci.org.uk/station/gosport/. It says it’s a “Vantage Pro2.” The postcode appears to be PO12 2AB, though that seems to be for the entire site. It’s not actually in the town centre, but it is definitely a built-up area. The position shown isn’t an airport, but the water just to the east is a major shipping lane, so I’d guess it would suffer temperature spikes as ships pass, in the same way airports do.
Lol, passing ships, spikes, outrageous nonsense, but thanks for the laugh.
You’re looking at private weather stations, if they’re in the WOW network they do report but not officially recognised for climate records.
What’s the standard recording time in the Uk over which a temp instrument measurement is regarded to be “THE” temp to be struck for a particular period, and what is the agreed period, eg – a nanosecond, 1 second, a minute, 5 minutes, an hour?
And in your opinion, are these determined to be the best representations of the actual weather’s temps contributions?
Thanks.
If they are not officially recognized as sites where records can be set, why is the BBC treating them as if they are?
Any record temperature has to be at a recognised climate site and to boot there needs to be an investigation of the site after. Any “record” is therefore only provisional until then.
“a recognised climate site”
You mean a Class 4 or 5 site !
Like the ones you listed above.
Yep.. The Met-Office way. !!
Verifying Records – the novel Met Office approach – Not Fit for Purpose. | Tallbloke’s Talkshop
https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-synoptic-and-climate-stations
It is in the middle of a housing estate with a lot of tarmac, quite close to the sea.
No, it’s a grassy heliport situated just south of a series of “lakes”, really an inlet from the Solent.
Winds were in the N to NE quarter which gave it a fetch of between 250m and 1km across water that had a SST ~18C
Reported strength 16-24 kph (10-14mph)
NB: that stretch of water is unlikely to be above 17C at the surface.
https://maps.app.goo.gl/aT1cUY9kCz7tjLu66
This is a different place from the coastguard station. It may help to explain why there are two sets of temperature readings from Gosport. But then, wasn’t it dishonest of the BBC to fail to report which of the two the “record” came from?
And then… it’s a heliport. And like jets and ships, helicopters can cause temperature spikes.
“BBC to fail to report which of the two the “record” came from?”
Only the likes of you would want to know I suggest.
Plainly it is a reasonably sited station next to Gosport and one that the UKMO considers gives representative temperatures of it’s “surrounding area”.
Hence the BBC just said “at Gosport” (if they did as I haven’t checked).
And maybe, Anthony, you would like to put forward your hypothesis for why two stations so close together recorded highs 1.4C different – 35.4 versus 36.8 – within an hour or so on the same day?
And which were they?
https://www.weatheringosport.co.uk/ and https://www.gosportweather.co.uk/.
I have no idea what either of them are – I would suggest that they are nerdy back-garden amateurs and certainly not MetO certified for climate.
The bottom one even says Min Temp -24.9C !!
The record minimum for England is …
“On the 10th January 1982, 26.1 °C was also recorded in Newport (Salop) in the Midlands”
I was in Southampton during 1976 and still live in the city . My outdoor temperature in the shade peaked at 35.9C yesterday and I live next to woods in the north of the city , so no where near the 40 C climate doomsters predicting and a slight increase in the June record of 1976
The 3 day out forecast changed repeatedly, it was only ever 10/20% chance of 39/40. Odds on for a new June record. Pretty good I’d say. A week+ out they weren’t even entirely sure the heat would reach the UK at all. 50miles out with a pressure system is all it takes to make the difference. Not everything is a mad climate conspiracy. The 40s stayed in France.
But we’re told weather forecasting has gotten amazing.
It is – so long as you reasonable in applying what “accurate” means.
What you infer is unreasonable.
JeffC, the fact nearly 20+s appear on your comment, and nobody bothered to check it, says it all.
It’s in a large area near the estuary. Nominally a heliport I believe. I’d say it looks remarkably similar to the site where the 1976 Southampton record was set.
I checked a nearby private WOW station and that recorded 36.8C, even hotter.
Using the latitude/longitude data from the Met Office (50.83584, -1.16679)
(50 deg 50’ 9” N, 1 deg 10’ 0.4” W)
and Google Earth gives the location as Gosport, Fleetlands, in a heliport, see the attached image from Google Earth, which happened to photograph a twin rotored helicopter on one of the helipads.
“Dr Eric Huxter has also analysed in depth data from this and other sites against benchmark standards. Gosport is a notorious “star performer” in the daily highs stakes as Eric details here. It is also demonstrably very unreliable.”
Verifying Records – the novel Met Office approach – Not Fit for Purpose. | Tallbloke’s Talkshop
That source, as well as (notoriously) yourself does not take meteorology into account, most notably the direction of the wind flow.
Just the usual one-size-fits-all.
On Wed the flow affecting Gosport Fleetlands was from the N to NE, it therefore had crossed between 250m and 1km of open waters just before reaching the thermometer. The temp of the water would have been below 18C (the inlet comes from the Solent and the Solent at the mouth of the inlet was around 16C).
So the opposite of a local heat source – a local cooling source.
Just like your repeated posting of island or coastline temps under prevailing winds. Not UHI but WCI (Water cool island effect).
I record my own temperature readings with a Six’s thermometer in Scunthorpe Town centre. Here are the max temps l have recorded since the 21st.
21st 23.6C
22nd 25.4C
23rd 32.6C
24th 28.7C
25th (27.2C up to 16.23 BST)
These will have been far more typical daily highs been reached across large area’s of northern and eastern England during this heatwave. Rather than the wild claims been made by the Met Office earlier in the week.
If the level of direness doesn’t hit hard enough…the “Met Office” just extends the timeline…it’s now Saturday to come…No doubt, when few people run screaming in the streets…the timeline will be extended…
Of course, if you follow independent and untainted forecasters, the “Met Office” is just a propagandist lackey of a failed scam…Apathy works both ways, you know…
I guess UAH is in on the “scam.” The grid cell covering the lower troposphere over the UK still shows warming of at least +1.5°C / century (see the figure below).
Source:
https://www.nsstc.uah.edu/data/aosc/Global_Temperature_Report/archive/2025/GTR_202512.pdf
Reading denier comments makes me curious about LSD.
So only 6 months out of date?
The long-term trend doesn’t change much over a six-month period.
Mr. Erosion: Patently false, your comments demonstrate that you are not curious about anything. It’s all sooooo settled, you’re not even curious about how it all got settled.
UAH warming comes only from El Nino events.
There is no warming between those events.
There he goes again, with his 1st LoT busting meme ….
What that shows is the cyclic effect of the ENSO (hot-cold – EN-LN).
Super-imposed over a steadily rising trend.
So paranoid….
I’d start by making sure the monster under your bed isn’t in on it too.
But sometimes there really is a monster under the bed….
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c70e2y98p06o
That sounds like something Trump would do.
Is Trump in the room with you now?
Trump is in his head.. rent-free. !!
TDS is omniscient,
but only omnipotent in those who have succumbed to TDS
Since there is yet no known cure for TDS, and the only effective treatment so far known to have palliative efficacy is TDS sufferers being told by trusted family & friends to –
“just listen to yourself, there must be an active AI bot algorithm operating 24 X 7 in your head that creates insertion references to Trump no matter how irrelevant to the topic, then compels you to blurt them out in public.
No reasonable people want to listen your interminable utterings any more, so TDS colonies are being established along the same lines as Leper colonies in many localities along the world. With much pity and best wishes for recovery, here is an Application Form for you.”
More like what a muslim “immigrant” would do.
wow…
So you’ve missed the whole “Asian rape gangs” thing? Or do you think it’s a urban myth? Or are you disregarding hundreds of thousands raped and trafficked in favor of another agenda?
Hate trafficking…. release the Epstein files!!!!
Why all the down votes? I read that article independently of this site.
Beats me. I thought it was an interesting, if a little frightening, story. Even when you try to be jovial, some people just don’t want to smile.
Since orange is used to colour temperatures above about 27C, and red is used thereafter. It seems to me that more colour discrimination is required red may be used for temperatures between 27 and 31C. May I suggest that the Met office colour all temperatures above 31C with infrared colour. This will ensure that those super sensitive souls who freak out with such temperatures will be appropriately alarmed. The rest of us will just get on with it.
France’s weather-map color coding is based on deviations from a seasonal average recalculated every ten years. When an exceptional heatwave like the one we are experiencing right now occurs, the maps quickly turn entirely red, as if they had caught scarlet fever.
I am not aware that this methodological choice — which is no more or less justified than any other — is actually explained to the public. As a result, when the person watching the weather after coming home from work makes a slightly sarcastic remark about the “boiling” maps shown before the evening news, they are immediately called every name under the sun (including “conspiracy theorist” and perhaps even “far-right voter”) by city-center environmentalists who, for the most part, have probably never hammered a nail in their lives.
It is quite an effective rhetorical move: taking advantage of a methodological ambiguity to lecture ordinary people by highlighting their supposed ignorance of a subject for which they were not given all the necessary keys to understanding.
— Yes, but they only have to check the Météo-France website; everything is explained there!
Perhaps. That would certainly be the first thing that came to mind if I were coming home from a day of assembly-line work in a factory, or from erecting scaffolding under a blazing sun.
Unfortunately the “deplorables” lack basic critical thinking skills, not having been taught such in schools, let alone refined critical thinking skills such as you exhibit..
I’m not convinced that primary school teachers indoctrinated in the climate boiling propaganda are capable of refined critical thinking either.
If they were, they’d ask questions to the children like:
1) What percentage of the global land mass is taken up by SE England?
2)Can we find any places on earth right now that are displaying temperatures well below their average mean?
3) How many employees in the MSM actually have A levels in science, let alone undergraduate degrees in STEM subjects employing a large amount of mathematics?
4) Can we find examples of the BBC lying about climate, being selective about what information to present, actively suppressing examples of extremely cold weather??
Or as a teacher indoctrinating the kiddies in your malodorous classroom all day, and thinking –
“I never wanted to do this in the first place. I always wanted to be. . . “
« I’ll just say that the “climate change” hype in the UK has not died down in the last few months as it has in many places elsewhere ». Belgium is definitely not part of the latter. Our MSM keep pushing the narrative even more stridently and the current heat dome over Western Europe is the perfect occasion to go in full overdrive.
Thank you for mentioning Belgium.
Yes, the current heat wave isn’t being observed only by the Met Office.
Belgium, France, Germany and other European meteorological services are reporting the same large scale event.
Unless all of these independent meteorological agencies across Europe are secretly evil and working together to scare the public, the simpler explanation is that Europe is actually experiencing an exceptional heat wave.
https://www.nbcnews.com/world/europe/europe-heatwave-record-temperatures-france-uk-germany-eiffel-tower-rcna351525
The lengths we go to in order to avoid acknowledging what is happening can be remarkable.
“large scale event.”
You mean WEATHER event !
Yes, but global warming makes temperatures higher than they otherwise would be.
So does an extremely bad set of weather sites and urban densification. !
There is no way of telling. And certainly no way of showing any CO2 factor.
Unless you just “believe”…. because of constant brain-washing.
Yes, the probity, provenance, and prosecution of “global temperatures” are all appalling.
Yet, they’re treated as some sort of a religious talisman you’d expect to read about in a Dan Brown novel.
(kinda fits with the theme – self flagellation and all that 🙂 )
Of course they are working together, or rather singing from te same hymn sheet
It was decided at highest political levels some time ago that people needed to be convinced of both the fact and the need to act on anthropogenic global warming, so that governments could usurp extraordinary political power and corporations could make obscene profits out of selling mandatory GreenCrap™
The truth or not of the current warming’s source is not relevant.
It’s here, so it’s to be used.
Nobody denies Western Europe is experiencing a bit of exceptional weather. But ‘exceptional’ on the time level of one or a few human generations is not necessarily exceptional in the long term. In the end, there’s only ‘weather’, not ‘climate’. Yesterday’s news on Walloon TV was almost one hour of fearmongering and advice on how to survive weather that is quite normal in many parts of the world. I have lived and worked in Sudan and KSA for years. Know what it’s like.
“Yesterday’s news on Walloon TV was almost one hour of fearmongering and advice on how to survive weather that is quite normal in many parts of the world. I have lived and worked in Sudan and KSA for years. Know what it’s like.”
The concern isn’t whether humans can handle the heat in general, but how far temperatures are deviating from the historical climate of a particular place.
A 38C day is common in parts of the southern US, where air conditioning is widespread and infrastructure is built to handle these temperatures.
Western Europe infrastructure, on the other hand, was originally designed for a temperate climate, not for frequent, prolonged heat waves of the kind that have become more common in recent decades.
“more common in recent decades”
Really?
from The Observer, July 18, 1852:
“In 1132 the rivers and springs disappeared in Alsace. The Rhine was dried up. In 1152 the heat was so great that eggs were cooked in the sand. In 1160, at the battle of Bela, a great number of soldiers died from the heat.”
“In 1440 the heat was excessive. In 1538, 1539, 1540, 1541, the rivers were almost entirely dried up. In 1556 there was a great drought all over Europe. In 1615 and 1616, the heat was overwhelming in France, Italy, and the Netherlands. In 1646 there were fifty-eight consecutive days of excessive heat.”
“In 1718 it did not rain once from the month of April to the month of October. The crops were burnt up; the rivers were dried up, and the theatres were closed by decree of the Lieutenant of Police. The thermometer marked 36 degrees Rhéamur…” (36°Ré (or °Re or °r) is 113F. 113F is 45C. In 1718.)
“In 1818 the theatres remained closed for nearly a month, owing to the heat. The maximum heat was 35 degrees” (again it’s °Ré and the equivalent is 110F or 43C.)
h/t Tony Heller
This is a translation of a part of the article Heller got that from ….
https://www.france-pittoresque.com/spip.php?article644
“The two years of 1718 and 1719 had both dry, violent, long and sustained heat. In Paris, on August 7, 1718, the Lahire thermometer, despite its unfavourable exposure, nevertheless indicated around three o’clock in the afternoon 35° or 36°: it rose to the same figures on the 11th, 21st and 23rd. A very mild winter succeeded this heat. Most trees were covered with flowers as early as February and March 1719.
The strong heat reappeared with the month of June. More intense than those of the previous year, they also lasted much longer. In Paris, the Lahire thermometer indicated a maximum temperature of 37°; in addition, Cassini’s table attributes to this summer forty-two days of a temperature of 31°; finally, the heat lasted three and a half months, from June to half of September. The extreme lowering of the waters of the Seine at the Tournelle bridge, during this dry year, gave the zero of the measures for the variable heights of this river. Father Feuillée, quoted by Maraldi, wrote at the same time from Marseille that unusual heat had made the trees bloom again in October, and that they had later loaded themselves with new fruits. The cold in December prevented these fruits from growing as usual, but they did not prevent them from reaching perfect maturity. Father Feillée adds that he picked, on December 18, completely ripe cherries and apples.
The summer of 1726 began towards the end of May, then continued during the months of June, July and August. Cassini counted in Paris sixty-two days of a temperature of 25°, and ten days of a temperature of 31°, its greatest heat, observed on August 27 and 28, having equalled about 34°. The fruits matured a month earlier than usual. The maximum heat was much earlier in Provence. In Toulon and Aix, it took place on July 13 and 14. It was in 1726 that Delande lived in Brest his barometer perfectly”
So no, not 40/41C as experienced in Paris this last week.
(and that is supposing that thermometers were properly shielded from local sources of heat).
“The strong heat reappeared with the month of June. More intense than those of the previous year, they also lasted much longer. In Paris, the Lahire thermometer indicated a maximum temperature of 37°”
As Heller explained, °C = 1.25 × °Rhéamur, so 37ºR =46.25ºC
Next deflection?
“Next deflection?”
My pleasure …..
”AI Overview
hThe 1845 book “Des changements dans le climat de la France” by Dr. Joseph Fuster primarily uses the centigrade scale (Celsius). While the Réaumur scale was still occasionally used alongside Celsius in French meteorological texts of this era, Fuster’s extensive historical temperature records and revolutions are predominantly expressed in degrees Celsius.”
Also:
”The Little Ice Age in Europe spanned from the early 14th century to the mid-19th century (roughly 1300 to 1850). The coldest and most extreme phase occurred between the late 16th and early 18th centuries, bringing prolonged freezing winters and crop failures.”
So it seems you can have it both ways.
1718 and/or 1719 were during the LIA but they also had staggering heatwaves!
There’s nothing that says you have uniform warming/cooling throughout the year. LIA implies very cold, prolonged winters with ice and snow prevalence. It says very little about the summers. Indeed, Piers Corbyn of Weather Action often commented about this, discussing the effects on weather of ‘wavy jet streams’, which he posited were the prime drivers of ‘Little Ice Ages’.
Wavy jet streams can see both unusual cold at southerly latitudes as well as unusual heat at northerly latitudes in the northern hemisphere. They just occur at slightly different longitudes. The cold is north of the jet stream deviating far south. The warmth is south of the jet stream deviating far north.
So yes, in theory you can have it both ways: an LIA and a few hot summers.
The article clearly states the years 1718, 1719, 1726.. when the Celsius temperature scale was invented in 1742 by the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius. So something written in 1845 is certainly not relevant. And your apparent belief that a heatwave could not occur in the LIA shows how little you know about weather. Next deflection?
You consider 3 days to be ‘prolonged’? Seriously????
It is not an exceptional heatwave, it’s a heatwave. And high pressure systems cover a large area, so this should not be considered exceptional, either.
“It is not an exceptional heatwave”
Of course not Tom:
https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/insight/record-shattering-omega-heatwave-grips-europe-as-toll-mounts/gm-GM976389F0?gemSnapshotKey=GM976389F0-snapshot-29&uxmode=ruby
“France records its hottest day ever
France’s national temperature index reached 29.8°C on Tuesday, surpassing the previous record from 2003 and 2019, with a peak of 44.3°C in Pissos. The heatwave has forced early closures of landmarks like the Eiffel Tower and Louvre, and caused widespread power outages in Brittany. Authorities are comparing the event to the catastrophic August 2003 heatwave, which caused 80,000 excess deaths across Europe.
And all this in June.
“hottest day ever” is doing a lot of work. Unsupportable.
Not really. You’re simply looking at historical data and drawing comparisons.
Nonsense. See my reply to your previous comment.
Your reply concerns heat waves that occurred before the 19th and 20th centuries, prior to the onset of human caused global warming.
Which were warmer, and nothing to do with human activity. Your point?
Is your ‘human caused’ warming due to carbon dioxide or geoengineers??
Acknowledging a warm event in Europe is not a problem. The problem is the refusal of the PTB to provide equal coverage of cold events in other parts of the globe.
There is a narcissistic belief in Europe that ‘European Weather’ = global climate change.
It doesn’t.
Anyone watching the FIFA World Cup 2026 will have seen quite how mild and wet it was in Boston when England were playing. It’s noticeable that as Europe’s heat subsides next week, heat in NE USA is expected to build.
Shame that the climate propagandists don’t share this global weather truth….
I’d say some of the more independent outlets are starting to have second thoughts about net-zero, and perhaps even climate change itself, but the BBC has been captured by activists so they’re pushing on as normal.
I’ve just looked at the forecast for my local area today, and they are now showing a high today of “only” 35C (and individual hour maximums of 34C). This has come down from the 38C they were forecasting at 16:42 yesterday (see the article).
I think we have two separate problems in establishing whether or not temperatures that the Met Office and/or mainstream media report are representative of the true situation. One is the quality of the actual measurements. Gosport, Fleetlands is apparently a Class 3 station (same as Heathrow!), but there have been issues with data from it in the past – see https://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2024/11/06/met-office-weather-stations-cimo-classification-list/. The other is that the Met Office seems to overstate forecast highs, more than just a few hours out, often by several degrees. The pulling down of today’s forecast high where I am by 3 degrees in just 15 hours is a case in point. I also remember that on Monday, they were predicting a high of 39C for yesterday (Wednesday) where I am. That truly would have been remarkable!
Very interestingly, if you look at the sidebar of the page on Tallbloke’s site, you will see mentions of several stations, at which the BBC (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c30y619glveo) claimed very high temperature readings yesterday. Wiggonholt, Gosport, RHS Wisley, Charlwood – all places where there have been issues in the past. My expertise is in data and patterns in data, not in the actual measurement process. So I think these claims are something that Tallbloke and Ray Sanders should be in an excellent position to take up.
https://www.desmog.com/roger-tattersall/
DeSmog is partners to and is funded by SMF (Sustainable Markets Foundations)
Sustainable Markets Foundation (SMF) – InfluenceWatch
SMF has received funding from several environmentalist foundations including the MacArthur Foundation, Rockefeller Family Fund, Tides Foundation, and TomKat Charitable Trust.
ie slimy green money !!
The organization serves as a fiscal sponsor, providing grants as well as administrative support to other non-profits like 350.org Frack Action, DeSmog.
According to its 2023 tax returns, SMF reported a revenue of $39,210,071, expenses at $30,565,908, and total assets at $44,167,374.
Not bad for a “non-profit”
The climate trough sure is DEEP and supports many, many little piggies
DeSmog.
Thanks for the chuckle.
Funny we keep told also that weather prediction has improved dramatically and is over 95% accurate 5 days out, yet like you I see huge variations 12 hours out or less. We both must living in one of those 5% places.
Neither of us is in the 97%, for sure! 🙂
So a MetO forecast has to get the daily temperature correct to the degree days/hours beforehand does it? – in order for it to be correct in your eyes.
Degrees of correctness?
I posit that you are a tad to pernickety.
Do you expect them to forecast that there will be a 2 hour patch of cloud over you at a particular time?
(impossible for SC unless now-casting via satellite pics)
Yours is not the opinon of a reasonable person, nor one who knows of the nuances of maximum temperatures forecasting.
And even then we have the never-ending carping about station siting, even though most stations within a reasonable distance of each other yesterday reported temps within ~0.5C (Oh, obviously wildly biased. Sarc) … but yet all biased by the same amount?, whether that be by “acres” of concete or having a wooden fence too close (in the middle of a green park). Or, as in the case of Gosport Fleetlands, having a sig stretch of water affecting the windflow temp (down). No, but a small path within 30m, god forbid.
This is England not the outback of OZ. Those sites are repreentative of surrounding landscape and infrastructure .
In the real world – it was effing hot and even more to the point effing humid – and ordinary folk experienced a forecast that was spot on —- unless you were checking a thermometer (but likely not a hygrometer), or were determined to find some imagined fault.
“This is England not the outback of OZ. Those sites are repreentative (sic) of surrounding landscape and infrastructure .”
Still waiting to hear the rationale behind re-directing Chertsey, Surrey to Heathrow. I can assure you, as a local resident, that this part of the country bears no resemblance whatsoever to Europe’s busiest airport.
39C vs 34C has actual real effect differences to human physiology. The latter is still below normal functioning human body temperature and therefore affects cooling mechanisms. The former means that your body cannot escape from actually heating up without fairly strong physiological mechanisms, which makes health issues for those on health borderlines significantly more serious.
To be fair, there are always situations where the outcomes are uncertain, even 12 hours ahead, the problem is that the weather forecasters aren’t highlighting those uncertainties.
Same at my location in NW London: I looked at the BBC weather site for temperature predictions, which were for 39C two days running. They literally dropped 4C within 12 hrs, that being 24hrs before the first extreme heat prediction. This isn’t forecasting a week out, it’s forecasting tomorrow’s weather. If you’re that incompetent about next day weather, you can’t call yourself a weather forecaster. You’re just a socialist chancer…
This isn’t a gotcha. It’s a look how dim you are.
You’re looking at a forecast, they don’t update out of date forecasts! And they don’t show all the sites on the map. Yes they got the forecast out by about 1C. Big deal. The infamous heat dome was a few miles further south than expected.
My town posted its highest ever max and min temperatures regardless of month (it’s a good long term site) by 1.5C.
Lots of places beat the old June record.
And then look at the crazy records in Spain, France etc.
Not a significant heatwave, all dodgy MO sites, oh please, have some shame.
I must admit that I find WUWT a bit overzealous these days on the issue of weather stations. It is nonetheless obvious that a perfectly functioning station whose readings are biased by its surroundings will produce results that are not representative of “global warming,” although they are probably representative of what someone standing next to that station would experience (even if people do not yet have built-in thermometers).
On the other hand, I can understand why skeptics see red — no pun intended — rather easily. The media drumbeat surrounding an imminent apocalypse, ideological criminalization, and constant accusations of conspiracy thinking can eventually make the targets of these incessant attacks somewhat nervous.
None of the people promoting the alarmism say if it would be better if it had been getting colder for the last 150 years.
So we have good to decent records of temperatures going back maybe 100 years. There are 365 days in a year how many days in a year would you expect to see an all time high or low for any given year. Add to that we are still coming out of the coolest period in the last 8,000. Add in a little man made effect from CO2 and a massive increase UHI affect, how many highs should you expect in any given year now?
Significant maybe, a danger to humanity or the environment not even a blip.
On the topic of UHI:
UHI used in a fictitious mean global temperature is bogus. Absolutely.
UHI in terms of the local temperature people endure, realistic.
It is not that UHI is fiction, what is arguably fraud is how it is played into the crisis narrative.
I would also add: How can you compare two temperatures 50 years apart, even within a few miles of each other, fail to take account of UHI due to population increase in the intervening time, yet claim (or even imply) that the difference is due to something other than UHI due to population increase?
UHI absolutely isn’t fiction, it’s real. The point is that urban metropolises become closer to black bodies (the physics definition) than any rural location. This means that they can retain heat and absorb far more heat during hot sunshine as well.
Climate alarmism is almost uniquely an ignorant city dweller phenomenon. It’s populated by people who work in offices in the main. They haven’t spent a decade in the mountains, they haven’t spent twenty years growing food. And they certainly didn’t study science at university (not that that teaches you critical thinking these days).
Disproving alarmism is too much effort for many people and a significant percentage of those too lazy/busy to check things out for themselves just accept the narrative hook, line and sinker.
These aren’t daily records at single locations. People are denying the current extraordinary weather as real! No one is discussing what happened in the past, except people putting up straw men, moving the goalposts of the discussion etc.
Just a small pocket of WEATHER…
Indeed. New UK June record 1 day later!
36.4°C at Yeovilton
39C Jersey (not sure if counts)
Yet somehow that small area that that “pocket of weather covers contains …..
the population of Central Europe is approximately 165 to 175 million people across the region’s core countries.
So what.. It is still just a localised weather event.. Nothing to do with CO2.
So what?
Surely, in any time series with a trend recent readings will tend to exceed earlier ones.
The planet is still warming from an ice age.
Not exactly, it is in an interstadial in the existing ice age, technically. Ice age means permanent ice at the poles
Within that quite large climatic variations are to be found.It would bve surprising if we were not in one right now
Concise definitions are critical in conveying scientific information, conjectures, results, etc.
I applaud you invoking interstadial.
It’s funny when so-called experts say “last ice age” when they mean the last glacial period.
When does a ‘glacial period’ become a ‘non-glacial period’?
Is it on the basis of no glaciers below a certain altitude at certain latitudes?
Is it the country of Austria no longer having a single glacier?
Is it no glaciers in the USA?
The idiom, “one swallow doesn’t make a summer,” applies to the heat claims of alarmists. If we had measurements of temperature and rainfall in a country area away from a city over five hundred years the public probably would be stunned about how wrong the “experts” are. The biggest discovery would be the way climate and weather is confused.
The way climate and weather are confused is, in my humble opinion, deliberate.
Got Almost 400 years in the CET.
Recent warming is obvious and the highest point in the series.
One would hope so, after the depths of the LIA.
Wow, you don’t think there is some urbanisation of CET over that time??
And the sites used in CET are typical Met-Office sites.. unfit for climate purposes.
The urban effect in CET is obvious when compared with non-urban affected sites.
Ah, there goes mr bnice displaying his usual bigoted ignorance (bigoted in as he has been told this several times) ….
The likes of the western Scottish Isles are not comparable to inland England.
You have obviously not looked at an atlas recently as they are next to the ocean.
So in effect you have replaced what you suppose to be (wrongly) UHI corruption of perfectly rural sites (representative of their surroundings) with a corruption by water.
AGAIN FYI: The dominant (by far) wind-flow for those islands is west to SW’ly and so temperatures are dominated by the SSTs of said close-by ocean upwind of the stevenson screens.
Another fave example of where this man’s ignorant bollocks would take root (ineffectively to him) if not challenged.
After decades of lies about “global warming” the authorities cannot allow unfettered truth to be promulgated to the hoi polloi as the peasants may become skeptical of dire warnings that demand sacrifice and restrictions for all but the elites and immigrants.
Jersey already 37.7C today, 40C very close by in France.
Normal summer day for large parts of Australia especially North, you need to harden up it isn’t the end of the world.
Jersey is rather further toward the equator than 99%+ of the UK. You’d expect it to be hotter when weather is coming up from the Sahara via France….
It’s a small island (9mile x 5mile) in the sea, you’d expect it to be cooler than the mainland.
“Odd how they don’t forecast for the same places as they take the measurements, eh?”
Not really, they publish forecasts for the places where people live, they make measurements in cooler places like Kew Gardens and Wisley!
Ha, ha. They don’t publish forecasts for the places where they take measurements, because they don’t want anyone comparing like with like, and asking why their forecasts were wrong.
“They don’t publish forecasts for the places where they take measurements, because they don’t want anyone comparing like with like”
They do actually.
FI:
Norwich uses Norwich A/P.
Birmingham uses Birmingham A/P.
Manchester uses Manchester A/P
And obviously you can look up the temps reached at those places.
Should you think those places to be biased high then – don’t you think town/city centres are biased high?
The BBC charts show charts with temperatures places over major cities but
measurements are not made/verified within town centres, but they give them as the object is to give inform of impact to the most people.
They may, and often do, say something like “but 2 or 3 degrees lower than that in the countryside” or 2 or 3 degrees warmer than that in towns/cities”.
Again, you expect unreasonable detail that is impossible to convey over a short media presentation or a website.
For the detail you expect then you need to talk to an on-duty forecast.
That was my job back in the day.
“Norwich uses Norwich A/P.
Birmingham uses Birmingham A/P.
Manchester uses Manchester A/P”
I assume A/P mean Airport… now that’s just funny !!
If you mean “funny” as you always think airports are corrupted by heat then that’s a gotcha as those temps are used as a measure of the likely values reached in the towns/cities involved.
So you don’t think there is a UHI effect there? (rhetorical sarc)
Avoiding airports and their like, at 3 pm Thursday 25th June, the Llainfairfechan official met station at a rural location in North Wales and moderated by proximity to the sea (near where I used to work) was recording 34 deg C. No question, that is unusual. Ten years ago, above 30 deg C was almost unheard of in that area. I’m not attributing it to any particular cause apart from a blocking high pressure cell, but it seems to me that in W. Europe at least, hot weather spells are getting hotter.
The 850mb temp as measured by radiosonde sent up at 12Z today from Camborne Cornwall (SW England) is 22.8C which is only 2.3C below the record measured at that level for the July 2022 event (25.1C), in which widespread 39.9C + maxes were recorded in the east of England.
That the potential surface maxes were not reached there is due to cooling of the boundary layer due passage over Channel waters.
Thank you. Just one more nail in the coffin for the claim that these exceptional temperatures can be explained by misconduct on the part of the Met Office.
It is – but you and I and few others on here know how it goes, eh?
03808 Camborne Observations at 12Z 25 Jun 2026
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- PRES HGHT TEMP DWPT RELH MIXR DRCT SKNT THTA THTE THTV hPa m C C % g/kg deg knot K K K ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1002.0 88 25.8 18.8 65 13.82 100 18 298.8 339.2 301.3 1000.0 107 25.4 18.4 65 13.50 100 18 298.6 338.1 301.0 999.0 116 25.3 18.3 65 13.46 110 15 298.5 337.9 300.9 987.0 222 23.6 17.6 69 13.00 110 32 297.9 335.8 300.2 983.0 257 24.4 17.4 65 12.88 110 34 299.0 336.8 301.3 982.0 266 24.2 17.2 65 12.73 110 34 298.9 336.2 301.2 979.0 293 24.2 17.2 65 12.77 110 36 299.2 336.6 301.4 977.0 311 25.4 18.4 65 13.82 111 35 300.5 341.3 303.0 971.0 365 25.2 18.2 65 13.73 113 32 300.9 341.4 303.4 965.0 420 25.6 17.6 61 13.30 116 29 301.8 341.3 304.2 962.0 448 26.6 16.6 54 12.50 117 28 303.1 340.4 305.4 958.0 484 26.4 17.4 58 13.22 119 26 303.2 342.7 305.6 956.0 503 27.0 16.8 54 12.78 120 25 304.1 342.4 306.4 953.0 531 28.0 16.0 48 12.14 121 25 305.3 342.0 307.6 946.0 596 28.0 15.0 45 11.46 123 24 306.0 340.7 308.1 943.0 624 28.2 15.2 45 11.65 124 23 306.4 341.8 308.6 925.0 795 26.8 13.8 45 10.83 130 21 306.7 339.7 308.7 919.0 852 26.3 13.3 45 10.53 135 22 306.7 338.8 308.7 916.0 881 26.0 13.0 45 10.37 135 22 306.7 338.3 308.7 914.0 901 26.4 10.4 37 8.73 135 22 307.4 334.1 309.0 909.0 949 26.2 9.2 34 8.09 135 22 307.6 332.6 309.1 905.0 988 26.6 4.6 24 5.91 135 21 308.4 326.9 309.5 899.0 1046 26.2 4.1 24 5.74 135 21 308.6 326.6 309.7 880.0 1233 24.9 2.5 23 5.22 145 19 309.1 325.6 310.1 861.0 1424 23.6 0.8 22 4.73 155 18 309.7 324.7 310.6 850.0 1536 22.8 -0.2 22 4.46 160 16 310.0 324.2 310.9 838.0 1659 21.8 -0.8 22 4.33 145 17 310.2 324.1 311.1ACtually it was 25.2C ….
https://www.torro.org.uk/extremes/summary
“TemperatureGreatest diurnal range: 29°C (52.2°F), from -7°C (19.4°F) to 22°C (71.6°F) at Tummel Bridge (Tayside) on 9 May 1978.
Highest: 40.3°C (104.5°F) at Coningsby on 19 July 2022.
Lowest: -27.2°C (-17°F) at Braemar (Grampian) on 11 February 1895 and 10 January 1982; and at Altnaharra (Highland) on 30 December 1995.
Warmest annual mean: 11.5°C (52.7°F) at Penzance (Cornwall) and on the Isles of Scilly, averaged from 1931 to 1960.
Highest dewpoint temperature:
Lowest dewpoint temperature:
Highest 850 hPa temperature: 25.2°C at Camborne on 18 July 2022 (17z).
Lowest 850 hPa temperature: -20°C at Hemsby on 1 February 1956 and at Crawley on 12 January 1987.
Lowest 500 hPa temperature: -46°C at Albemarle on 28 February 2018.
Highest 1000-500 hPa thickness: 578 dam at Camborne (Cornwall) on 28 June 2019.
Lowest 1000-500 hPa thickness: 497 dam at Hemsby (Norfolk) on 1 February 1956 and 12 January 1987.
Warmest Christmas Day maximum: 15.6°C (60.1°F) at Killerton (Devon) on 25 December 1920.
Coldest Christmas Day minimum: -18.3°C (-1.0°F) at Gainford (Durham) on 25 December 1878.
Warmest Good Friday maximum: 26.9°C (80.4°F) at St James’s Park (London) on 22 April 2011.
Warmest Holy Saturday maximum: 29.4°C (85.0°F) at Camden Square (London) on 16 April 1949.
Warmest Easter Day maximum: 25.3°C (77.5°F) at Lee-on-the-Solent (Hampshire) on 24 April 2011.
Warmest Easter Monday maximum: 25.0°C (77.0°F) at Heathrow, Northolt (both London) and Wisley (Surrey) on 22 April 2019.
Coldest Easter Day minimum: -12.5°C (9.5°F) at Braemar (Aberdeenshire) on 31 March 2013.
Warmest Early May Bank Holiday maximum: 28.7°C (83.7°F) at Northolt (London) on 7 May 2018.
Warmest Spring Bank Holiday maximum: 32.2°C (90.0°F) at South Farnborough (Hampshire) on 29 May 1944.
Warmest Late August Bank Holiday maximum: 33.2°C (91.8°F) at Heathrow (London) on 26 August 2019.
Warmest Halloween maximum: 23.6°C (74.5°F) at Kew Gardens (London) on 31 October 2014.
I happened to be one of the first people in the UK who tumbled to what was going on with the current heat wave panic, which is why I decided to write this. Thanks to Anthony and Charles for publishing it.
But since this discussion is now going beyond my particular skill set, I will make you aware that Ray Sanders has already responded to yesterday’s announcements: https://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2026/06/25/veryfying-records-the-novel-met-office-approach-not-fit-for-purpose/. I recommend all of you to follow up on what he writes about these “records.” I will put you all into his hands, as well as suggesting that Anthony (Watts, not Banton) might want to re-publish Ray’s post from today.
I’ve really enjoyed talking to all of you – even the trolls (you know who you are). But I have questions to be asked at a screening of the “People’s Emergency Briefing” to prepare for. And I need to work out how to avoid being lynched when I ask them!
“I’ve really enjoyed talking to all of you – even the trolls (you know who you are)”
I may be wrong but I’ll guess that I’m included amongst the “Trolls”
Definition as applied at WUWT:
Someone who disagrees with the choir here, no matter what informative evidence they post.
Rather than :
”An internet forum troll is a user who deliberately posts inflammatory, irrelevant, or provocative messages. Their primary goal is to bait members into emotional arguments, derail productive conversations, and disrupt the community for their own amusement.”
And don’t get me started on Mr Sanders.
“And don’t get me started on Mr Sanders.”
You mean the person helping expose the absolutely parlous and ludicrous state of the Met-Office sites..; and all the fakery and data shenanigans that go with it.
You know the Met-Office is basically an “activist” organisation , don’t you. !
“and all the fakery and data shenanigans that go with it.”
Which, if Dr. Spencer is correct, is apparently none:
https://www.drroyspencer.com/2025/12/the-record-hot-uk-summer-of-2025-validation-of-the-ukmo-methodology-but-the-record-was-only-in-tmin/
This is why I posted the DeSmog link without any explanation upthread.
Some people simply aren’t worth debating. The most effective response is to let the facts about their record speak for themselves.
“Some people simply aren’t worth debating.”
True, they’re not on their own account but like we see elsewhere in the world, if they are not challenged, misinformation (AKA bollocks, bullshit or just plain lies) takes root and the world is standing in/on quicksand.
Without scientific understanding of the world – which we have (tho be-it to a limited extent) that would be the case – I refuse to let ideologically motivated cognitive dissonance such as displayed to the max by a certain poster here to become the norm.
I agree with your broader point that misinformation shouldn’t be left unchallenged, and that ideological framing can distort how people interpret evidence.
One additional factor, though, is that extreme or conspiratorial rhetoric can undermine its own credibility among neutral readers. In that sense, pushback is still needed, as you say, but I think it does reduce how much persuasion is needed on our part.
That was certainly my experience back in the early 2000s, when I was first looking into the climate debate (John Daly, Steve McIntyre, etc.—this site didn’t exist yet).
I actually wanted to find strong, compelling arguments against AGW, but the amount of ideological baggage and conspiratorial framing made it harder to take the broader skeptic case seriously.
So, oddly enough, I’ve come to appreciate the regular extremity on display here. It’s as self-destructive as it is amusing.
Just my perspective.
Yes, I agere with all of that.
No I mean the Mr Sanders, who reverts to being abusive when challenged by an expert in meteorology and doesn’t know that the meaning of “representative of the area” IS NOT ‘representative of the weather’.
(It means representative of the lie of the land).
This is RNAS Merryfield, where Thursday’s record June UK maximum temp was recorded:
https://maps.app.goo.gl/15wxSZLZ8ncE4Nsp7
And no, there could have been no local surface heat sources affecting the Stevenson screen as the wind at the time was meaning 15-28 kph and gusting to 44kph (9-17 gusting 26mph) with widespread convective and turbulent mixing dominating.
The direction was from the SE, giving the flow extra mixing as it passed over the nearby copse of trees having passed over miles of arable land.