Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach
I was reflecting tonight about emergent phenomena, and how one thing about emergent phenomena is their unpredictability. I’m in the process of writing up a post on emergent phenomena in climate, so they’ve been on my mind. I got to thinking about something I saw thirty-five years ago, a vision that is as fresh today as the day I saw it. I’m going to write it up and post it, be aware that there isn’t much sciencey stuff at all in this post. So get a cup of your favorite hot beverage, there’s nothing contentious here, it’s just a seaman’s tale about the unfathomable nature of emergent phenomena …
One charmed afternoon, as the result of a series of misunderstandings and coincidences, I found myself on a small sailboat in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, a thousand miles and more from any land. The day was lovely, blue water, blue sky. A light breeze was blowing, just enough to keep the sails full and drawing. I was on the afternoon watch, so I was … well … watching, that’s what sailors on watch do. Watching the course, watching the sails, watching the taffrail log, watching the black bumps on the horizon, watching the compass, watching the clouds, watching the … wait, what? Black bumps on the horizon? What makes black bumps on the horizon?
I watched and watched, and although the bumps got bigger, I couldn’t make out what it was. Clearly it was alive, I could see it splashing and moving in the far distance. Strangely, as more of the mystery creature became visible coming over the horizon, it started to look like the mythical sea serpent.
Or maybe it was two sea serpents, long ones, with parts of their bodies underwater and parts above water, I watched it for the longest time … and then suddenly, you know how the picture shifts, it all became clear. I was looking at a huge pod of dolphins swimming in a long thin line, that’s why it had looked like a couple of sea serpents. But the pod was gigantic, it was already well over a mile long, and heading towards the boat.
Nothing happens fast at sea. And so slowly, slowly the members of the pod moved in line towards us, with more and more of them appearing over the horizon as the first among them neared the sailboat. And amazingly, when the first dolphins drew even with the boat, dolphins in the back of the line were still coming over the horizon.
Now, for those of us stalwart citizens of America and Liberia fighting the lonely rearguard action of the good fight against the insidious foreign menace of metric measurements that would drain our precious bodily fluids, the rule of thumb in Imperial measurements is that distance to the horizon (in miles) is the square root of your eye height above sea level (in feet), rounded up. (The corresponding rule of thumb in metric is, three times the square root of eye height in metres (rounded up) gives distance in km to the horizon. But you can only have our feet and inches if you pry them from our cold hands …)
The deck of the boat was about four feet above the waterline. That put my eyes about ten feet (3m) above the waterline, meaning it was about four miles (six km) to the horizon, and the dolphins continued to stream over the horizon unabated.
The line of the dolphins passed maybe a quarter-mile from us, pretty close but still hard to make out. I was hoping that I would get a closer view of them, when I saw two dolphins leave the pod and come rocketing over at an incredible speed to check us out. They were large, obviously males. They went all around the sailboat for a few minute, eyeing us, checking out the boat, and then they rocketed back to the main pod … I was sorry to see them go.
But after they got back, they must have given us a good report … because in a little while some of the females came over with their young, including infants. I lay on my stomach on the bowsprit, the spar that sticks out forwards from the front of some sailboats, so I could look directly down on them from a few feet above them. The tiniest ones were unbearably cute. They were perfect miniatures of their moms, identical in every detail. The moms and babies came and swam under the bow of the boat. The babies swim right under the moms, for protection. Then when the moms come up for air, the baby pops out from under and swims alongside of the mom to the surface, in a gorgeous symphonic ballet of synchrony. They both take a breath at the same instant, I could hear the big breath and the baby breath like the palest petal of air, then the baby pops back under the mom, and off they go again.
Amazingly, I saw the moms trade off the childcare duties. I watched one mom and a kid for a bit. They were doing the pair breathing, they went on for a while.
And then, another mom came up to the bow and said something to the first mom. The kid ducked from under the first mom to the other, and the first mom celebrated her new-found freedom and lack of responsibility by indulging in a whole long series of jumps and dives and turns, it looked like she just got off an eight-hour shift … she was one happy lady, she never did come back to the sailboat, she was done with childcare for a bit, she went tailwalking across to join the ladies in the main dolphin parade.
And all the while the unending stream of dolphins was passing by. Different groups of them came to play around the boat, and then retired to join the pod. The leaders of the group were halfway to the opposite horizon, and still dolphins came to play … and when the leaders of the pod had made it all the way to the horizon, and had finally disappeared from view, there were still more dolphins coming over the horizon, still more dolphins coming to visit us, while still more dolphins disappeared over the horizon more came into view. Eight full miles and more of dolphins making their slow way to … where?
And then with an almost tragic finality, the tail of the huge long pod came into view, wending its deliberate way forwards. Those last dolphins still had three miles to go just to get to the boat. As they approached, a few last visitors came and gazed at us through the two-way mirror of the ocean’s surface, and then left to join their friends. I sadly watched them join up with the tail of the pod and then slowly, slowly, the tail of the pod shrank towards the horizon.
And finally, in the long slanting rays of the late afternoon, the last of the gorgeous, mysterious dolphins slipped over the far edge and were lost to sight … I sat in silence, almost dazed by the experience. After watching them laugh and play for those few mercurial hours, I felt like I do when friends depart after too short a visit. And I wondered how the world appeared from their side of the silvery mirror of the surface.
What did we look like to them? What did they think of us? Clearly, they were intelligent. They sent out scouts to gauge our intentions before they allowed the women and kids to visit, just like any wandering tribe in an unknown country. They moved in a conscious, purposeful manner, with the women and kids in the middle of the pod, and bigger males ranging widely back and forth along both sides, clearly watching out for the tribe as they steadily moved towards … somewhere.
But where were they headed, and why? I realized that the afternoon had vanished, how had it suddenly become evening? My watch was over, I put my head back on the cockpit cushions and watched the stars come out and drifted in a half-sleep, considering the question of their mystery hegira. After picking up and discarding a variety of hypotheses, the picture started to become clearer. As my head sank lower, I could almost see how the word had come skittering down the oceanic spinal telegraph, an eclectrical spark that went quantum tunneling through the aquatic mental telepaphone, wailing a long saxophone growl about there was gonna be some seriously shaking dolphin party down the way, the whole tribe was invited, there was gonna be fins and sins over at the corner of what almost sounded like Water Street and Ocean Avenue, but I couldn’t make out the words, they sounded strange and squeaky.
And yet I somehow, as the motion of the boat gently lifted and soothed me, I knew exactly where that party was going to be, and it was a warm and happy place, with lots of friends and plenty of fish-heads, I could almost taste the sweetness. And I could see how the boss dolphin ladies notified all of their aunties and cousins in that part of the ocean, and then they informed their husbands that they needed to clean up and get respectable, and they got the kids lined up, and they called in the distant relatives on the deep sound channels from where they were fishing in small groups around, and when they all were ready in their thousands and thousands, they all started to move, disordered at first. Then the first ones started their dolphin-dance, in and out of the water, and one by one they picked up the music and began line-dancing down the slanting wave-faces to the party somewhere over the horizon.
And then somehow my point of view shifted, and I could see it all from far above, and my boat was a tiny toy below me, and I could see a tiny man sleeping there, and weeping for the beauty, but he was a stranger, I was not interested in him, so I turned, and oh, I saw that the tribe that had laughed and frolicked past us were just one of a dozen dolphin tribes that I could see converging on some golden section of the ocean. And I could shift my eyes back and forth, and one moment see all the converging tribes of dolphins, still miles and miles apart but already singing and chattering to the unseen shadow-shapes of their alters in the blue-black deeps. And then shift my eyes and see them close up, the single dolphins ready to get down and boogie and become risqué, the moms eager to see their friends and tell lies about the orcas that they’d seen and boast of their grown children …
And I had the feeling that I could watch them forever, they had a purity of companionship that was infinitely inviting … but then somehow the time lurched and shifted like the needle picked up off an old vinyl record and set down in a new groove, and I could see all of them arriving together in the moonlight, laughing and frolicking, old friends from the different tribes telling their stories, young ladies and gentlemen dancing on their tails with the refulgent moonlight transmuting the splashing drops into tiny blazing-white stars like diamond-dust flung into blackness, the drops falling and skittering across the midnight velvet face of the moonlit ocean.
I wanted so much to join them in their dance that I began to weep, because I knew I was too clumsy and heavy to ever dance with the dolphins. But then you showed up, and you said I just had to unzip my bodysuit, and I could take it off and join the dance. And I was overjoyed, and amazed that I had never noticed the zipper before, but the surprise quickly faded and I unzipped it and stepped out of it just like I remembered doing so many times before, how could I have forgotten? And like always before it gave me a miraculous feeling of joy and lightness and energy. I knew I could dance all night with the dolphins, and I danced the first few steps and watched the colored energy roll through my body, the wings of my lungs beating like feathered clouds with my breathing, and the dolphins surrounded me and I could understand their singing, the dolphins shining and flashing and glowing to my new eyes, the dolphins dancing on all sides, walking on water, dancing on air … but before I was barely begun, a cold wind blew up without warning and spun me round and round, I didn’t have the energy to hang on and I felt myself spiraling down, I was gaining weight and losing speed, moving slower and slower, the fog was setting in to caress my face, I saw the tiny man passed out on the ship, he had stopped weeping, and without a trace or a shiver I was lost in a profound and dreamless sleep in that dark sea of awareness that surrounds and comforts us all.
.
As I said at the beginning, there’s not much sciencey stuff in this post, that will go in my upcoming post on emergence. Instead, consider this sailors tale a paean to the ungraspable, a celebration of things we don’t know, a rejoicing in not understanding the dolphins, a plea for an acknowledged lack of understanding, a shout-out to the unseen undersea power of family and friends and tribes, and a reminder that when it comes to the emergent phenomena that pop out of nothingness to surprise and amaze and bedevil us with things like lightning bolts and dolphin parties, the science is never settled …
My very best wishes to you all,
w.
Discover more from Watts Up With That?
Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.
Robert of Ottawa says:
February 5, 2013 at 6:13 am
Thanks, Robert. That’s the backwardsest true formula for getting to the horizon distance I ever heard. Your citation says it is
7 * H = 4 D^2
where H is eye height in feet and D is distance in miles.
Dividing through by four and taking the square root to get it in usable form we get:
D = 1.32 the square root of the height in feet.
Now, consider our problem, eye height ten feet above deck, my method (round the square root of the height upwards) gives us 4 miles to the horizon.
Your method (square root of height * 1.32) gives us 1.32 * 3.16 = 4.17 miles …
You’re seriously busting me for being out on my rule of thumb estimate by 0.17 miles? The horizon distance varies more than that between an average morning and afternoon …
You might have not known or forgotten, but I am a damned good celestial navigator, I’m very used to all of the actual real corrections needed to go from an eye height to the horizon error (called the “dip of the horizon”) in a sextant sight. And no, I haven’t been to sea too long, and yes, my rule of thumb is quite accurate for a man on a ship. If you get up on a mountain you’ll need more accuracy, but for a rule of thumb, mine has already given an answer (4 miles) out of my head while you’re still looking for a pencil so you can multiply 1.32 times 3.16 to give me an incorrectly precise answer of 4.17 miles …
For me, the whole point of a rule of thumb is that you can do it in your head while hanging from the yardarm. If I’m gonna get a calculator out, I’ll use the real formula. My formula gives an error of under a mile, and usually well under a mile, up to about 50 feet above sea level, so I’ll continue to use it.
All the best, thanks for the interesting citation …
w.
Willis Eschenbach says:February 5, 2013 at 10:10 am
You’re seriously busting me for being out on my rule of thumb estimate by 0.17 miles?
No WIllis, I just wanted to be a smart Alec mathematician. 🙂
Write a book, Willis. Ya aren’t getting any younger, ya know.
Roy Spencer says:
February 5, 2013 at 11:11 am
Write a book, Willis. Ya aren’t getting any younger, ya know.
___________________________
Seriously Robert, why? Isn’t this a lot more fun? How ya gonna smart off to a book?
Keith Sketchley says:
February 4, 2013 at 5:35 pm
Certainly, that might have been the reason that they all were together. But if you look again at the dolphins in the picture …


… I’m not buying that they are together for anything but the joy of the dance … a surfer like myself can recognize another surfer from the pleasure that they take in the ebb and thrust of the waves and swells, their passion for dancing to the unending rhythmical waves of the oceanic heartbeat.
w.
Roy Spencer says:
February 5, 2013 at 11:11 am
Many thanks for the vote of support, Roy. My problem is I’ve done too dang much, I’ve already written about 75,000 words of my autobiography, and despite yards and yards of outrageous adventures, I’m only up to age 30, the best part is still to come … I continue plugging away at it, but in some sense I’ve come to the conclusion that I should just write for the web, and collect it for the autobiography …
At least that’s what I tell myself. Part of the problem is that to me, my own life is somewhat boring because I know how all of the stories turn out … part of the problem is I truly love scientific investigation, I’ll pick that over boring autobiography most days … part of the problem is that I have the attention span of a bright nine-year-old, and “oooh, shiny” is a clear and present danger at all times … and part of the problem is I work construction, I’m a solo builder. There are advantages, instead of having to go to the gym to pump iron I pump wood instead, but it does take one workweek out of every week. And while I am scientifically convinced it doesn’t take any more energy to lift a ten-foot wooden 4×12 beam (a three-metre 100 x 300 beam) up to the ridge by myself than it did when I was twenty-five, still … which is why I’m up late most nights.
And a final part of the problem is that it’s much more fun to write for immediate publication. It inspires me that people will read it, it forces me to make it, not just rewrite 11 of part of the autobiography, but the finished vessel ready for launching, with all the holes coopered up, all planks solidly fastened, and the boat ready for sea.
So … I fear that you’ll have to wait for the next chapter, but the good news is, you likely won’t have to wait until I finish the dang autobiography. I always resisted writing one because I was still living, and that took up all my time, and I’m starting to think I was right …
Again, thanks for the good thoughts, and also for your most informative site, and for all the interesting work you do and have done.
w.
Robert of Ottawa says:
February 5, 2013 at 10:44 am
In that case well done, and in either case I greatly enjoyed your citation, fascinating.
w.
Reblogged this on Climate Ponderings and commented:
GREAT READ!
Seafaring frenchman says
Dear Mr Eischenbach
What a lovely paper.
Just for your information, we stupid metric users manage to estimate the distance of an object at the horizon by a thumb rule stating that the distance (in nautical miles) is two times the square root of the height ot the eye in meters..It works pretty well. And don’t bother, nobody wants to deprive you of your beloved stones, avoir du poids, yards, chains, grains and ounces.
Great story!
Willis, I don’t think it is possible to grasp what critters’ mind is like, we can’t get into it. They aren’t human – don’t have the conceptual mind power of humans, but do many of the same basic thing and are very good at living their particular life. (In accordance with their nature – they would not survive if they tried to be something else.) Perhaps even harder for us to understand critters whose environment and capability is very different from ours – birds flying much of the time, dolphins swimming all the time.
Non-human creatures at the bird-animal level definitely take care of their young, unlike fish and reptiles who lay eggs and leave.
Birds take turns protecting the nest/warming eggs, and getting food for the hatched chicks. They seem to stop when the young can fly. (Whereas animals like cougars keep teaching for a couple of years. One probable reason for high mortality rate of great blue herons in their first winter – lack of hunting skills.)
Animals and birds tend to help each other, varying I suppose, herds of caribou and pods of whales (which dolphins are) do (more so with whales I suppose, orca males help care for infants). Type of helping will depend in substantial part on the environment and nature of the critter- sea mammals have to be able to surface to breath, whereas caribou can lie on the ground.
Animals play (e.g. goats, horses, young cougars – for some it can be learning to fight as they’ll need to on their own, many animals need to be taught how to find food).
Animals are curious, some individuals more than others – curiosity is a mixed blessing as getting too close can be dangerous.
Anecdotal stories say that some birds miss their mate when it dies (an owl, and a trumpeter swan when its mate was injured and taken by humans for treatment – some birds mate for life, some don’t).
What we call intelligence in them, or at least smarts, does appear to vary – crows seem much more capable than herons.
As for naming animals in research versus activism, the debate is a silly sidelight.
For example, practice on the mid west cost of NA is to name orcas by letter-number combination (pod and individual, see http://www.whaleresearch.com/orca_ID.html). Distinguishable by unique markings which may include fin damage and for ones resident around southern VI and Puget Sound do include colouring of “saddle patch” (just behind its big top fin, less distinct on transients). I doubt they are easily distinguished by people not quite familiar with them, except with reference photos at hand, I can accept people who are familiar with them naming an odd individual. They are common around Vancouver Island (in the south and PS they come and go, especially the carnivorous “transient” ones), have been seen north to AK and south to CA, and exist in many places around the world including in the Gulf of Mexico where they feed deep.
On one extreme, animals raised in captivity for release in the wild are given minimal contact with humans as their prospering requires getting out in the wild with others and avoiding humans (the raisers of marmots on VI don’t even want them being attracted to human settlement they may come across). I doubt those researchers name them.
Willis,
I was only partially joking with the great Roy Spencer (how did I write Robert?) in suggesting that it’s a lot of fun reading your stories in serial format. Besides, some of us might be too cheap to actually buy an autobio. and we also have great fun chiming in and poking ribs and all of the popcorn we’ve gone through might have bumped the GDP a measurable dot.
Thank you Willis.
Dolphins regularly spoil my fishing for specks. I still love to see them, kids, moms and all.
I understand.
realist……I’m sad for you.
Those dolphins surfing remind me of a time when I was flying a glider and two bald eagles formed up on my wing. They looked back at me and we made eye contact. They knew I was flying the glider. There we were; doing the same thing; arguably for the same reason. A reason that had nothing to do with catching food. The eagles were enjoying themselves, as was I. They did not stare glassy eyed at the canopy, or the wing. They each had their feet down, to slow their flight so they could get a better look at me. They flew inside my wing and looked back under their shoulder. They looked at ME : Dared me to follow, tucked up their feet; cored the thermal and out climbed me.
When you pass a dog in a car….they don’t look at the headlights of your vehicle. They look at you…in the eyes.
It irritates me that some think that animals are mere meat machines: automatons, programmed by instinct, incapable of thinking or feeling. Here for us to exploit as we see fit. This same reductionist thinking leads to collectivist-mechanistic theories of existence.
On the other hand, some think we are beneath the animals and should not be true to our nature.
Such a lack of imagination, compassion, or empathy.
A denial of nature.
Sad really.
Old Chinese Proverb:
‘When wise man point something out to cat, cat look at his finger..’
(Or at least, that’s what my little brother always claimed it was, but living in a house ruled by our mother’s seven disdainful cats, it was more likely an empirical observation)
My experience from being owned by various cats is:
The cat is looking at your finger because it is thinking about biting it.
The person who thought of that proverb made the mistake of thinking the cat gave a rats behind about what he had to say.
If you imagine yourself above other beings…..cats will happily disabuse you of that notion.
I find them endearing.
Speaking of cats, check this video, interspecies communication …
w.
Astonished that that spume-filled leaping dolphin picture is a photo, and not a painter’s dream. Saved, will be cherished.
I wonder if sat photos could locate and verify that convergence of dolphin trains at the Great Gathering. As a long-term strategy, such confabs could function as genetic swap-meets, keeping the pool stirred, not stagnant.
Luther Wu says: February 5, 2013 at 7:31 am
Have you seen this video, yet? A dolphin with hook in fin and tangled in line enlists a diver’s aid to get free…
Thanks for putting that up Luther …wonderful to see…
NBC has this story today.
http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/02/17/16994814-super-mega-pod-of-dolphins-spotted-off-san-diego-coast?threadId=3668958&commentId=74268386#c74268386
I saw a dolphin swarm exactly like that off Rehoboth Beach in the early ’80’s. They came on like passenger pigeons, in unbelievable numbers.
I swam out. They were coming up all around me, and I thought boy, what have you learned in your life about large animals? But they flowed around me like New Yorkers and moved on.
Willis, you’re not just a hell of a storyteller. You’re telling the truth.
Pwildfire says:
February 18, 2013 at 7:33 am
It’s a lifelong habit of mine, telling the truth … too late to stop now.
w.
Willis, thank you. Here’s one of my favorite true stories, from Ram Dass’ book “How Can I Help?”. It’s entitled Natural Compassion:
I was in about forty feet of water, alone. I knew I should not have gone alone, but I was very competent and just took a chance. There was not much current, and the water was so warm and clear and enticing. But when I got a cramp, I realized at once how foolish I was. I was not very alarmed, but was completely doubled up with stomach cramp. I tried to remove my weight belt, but I was so doubled up I could not get to the catch. I was sinking and began to feel more frightened, unable to move. I could see my watch and knew that there was only a little more time on the tank before I would be finished with breathing! I tried to massage my abdomen. I wasn’t wearing a wet suit, but couldn’t straighten out and couldn’t get to the cramped muscles with my hands.
I thought, “I can’t go on like this! I have things to do!” I just couldn’t die anonymously this way, with no one to even know what happened to me. I called out in my mind, “Somebody, something, help me!”
I was not prepared for what happened. Suddenly I felt a prodding from behind me under the armpit. I thought, “Oh no, sharks!” I felt real terror and despair. But my arm was being lifted forcibly. Around into my field of vision came an eye – the most marvellous eye I could ever imagine. I swear it was smiling. It was the eye of a big dolphin. Looking into that eye, I knew I was safe.
It moved further forward, nudging under, and hooked its dorsal fin under my armpit with my arm over its back. I relaxed, hugging it, flooded with relief. I felt that the animal was conveying security to me, that it was healing me as well as lifting me toward the surface. My stomach cramp went away as we ascended, and I relaxed with security, but I felt very strongly that it healed me too.
At the surface, it drew me all the way in to shore. It took me into water so shallow that I began to be concerned for it, tha it would be beached, and I pushed it back a little deeper, where it waited, watching me, I guess to see if I was all right.
It felt like another lifetime. When I took off the weight belt and oxygen, I just took everything off and went naked back into the ocean to the dolphin. I felt so light and free and alive, and just wanted to play in the sun and the water, in all that freedom. The dolphin took me back out and played around in the water with me. I noticed that there were a lot of dolphins there, farther out.
After a while it brought me back to shore. I was very tired then, almost collapsing, and he made sure I was safe in the shallowest water. Then he turned sideways with one eye looking into mine. We stayed that way for what seemed like a very long time, timeless I guess, in a trance almost, with personal thoughts of the past going through my mind. Then he made just one sound and went out to join the others, and all of them left.