IPCC silently slashes its global warming predictions in the AR5 final draft

Guest essay by Christopher Monckton of Brenchley

Unnoticed, the IPCC has slashed its global-warming predictions, implicitly rejecting the models on which it once so heavily and imprudently relied. In the second draft of the Fifth Assessment Report it had broadly agreed with the models that the world will warm by 0.4 to 1.0 Cº from 2016-2035 against 1986-2005. But in the final draft it quietly cut the 30-year projection to 0.3-0.7 Cº, saying the warming is more likely to be at the lower end of the range [equivalent to about 0.4 Cº over 30 years]. If that rate continued till 2100, global warming this century could be as little as 1.3 Cº.

Official projections of global warming have plummeted since Dr. James Hansen of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies told the U.S. Congress in June 1988 the world would warm by 1 Cº every 20 years till 2050 (Fig. 1), implying 6 Cº to 2100.

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Figure 1. Projected global warming from 1988-2019 on three scenarios (above), and from 1988-2060 on scenario A only (below), based on Hansen (1988), who testified before the U.S. Congress that June that scenario A was his business-as-usual case. The trend from 1988-2050 on that scenario (arrowed) is approximately 0.5 Cº/decade.

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IPCC (1990: p. xi) projected warming of 0.2-0.5 Cº/decade to 2100. IPCC (1995: p. 6) projected 0.1-0.35 Cº/decade. IPCC (2001: p. 8) projected 0.13-0.43 Cº/decade to 2050. IPCC (2007: p. 13, table SPM.3) projected 0.11-0.64 Cº/decade to 2100.

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Figure 2. Near-term warming projections (2005-2050) relative to 1986-2005, based on 42 models (colors) against observations (black). The second-order draft of IPCC (2013) projected global warming at 0.4-1.0 Cº over 30 years (red arrows), equivalent to 0.13-0.33 Cº/decade. The final draft projected warming at 0.4-0.7 Cº over 30 years (green arrows), equivalent to just 0.10-0.23 Cº/decade. Diagram based on IPCC (2013, Fig. 11.25a).

The second-order draft of IPCC (2013: fig. 11.33) had projected 0.13-0.33 Cº/decade to 2050. However, the final draft slashed this projection to 0.10-0.23 Cº/decade (Fig. 2), the IPCC’s best guess being closer to the lower than to the upper bound of the revised range.

The projected range in the second-order draft had been consistent with the models, but the revised range in the final draft was at the low end of models’ projections (Fig. 3). Implicitly, the IPCC no longer accepts that models accurately project warming.

The IPCC says:

“Overall, in the absence of major volcanic eruptions – which would cause significant but temporary cooling – and, assuming no significant future long term changes in solar irradiance, it is likely (>66% probability) that the GMST [global mean surface temperature] anomaly for the period 2016–2035, relative to the reference period of 1986–2005, will be in the range 0.3°C–0.7°C (expert assessment, to one significant figure; medium confidence).” (IPCC, 2013, p. 11-52).

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Figure 3. Above: Models’ global warming projections, 2016-2035 vs. 1986-2005, against the IPCC’s projected interval of 0.4-1.0 K over 30 years, equivalent to 0.13-0.33 K decade–1 (between the gray dotted lines, based on IPCC 2013, 2nd draft, fig. 11.33c). Below: Final draft’s revised interval of 0.3-0.7 K over 30 years or 0.10-2.33 K decade–1, visibly at the low end of models’ projections (based on IPCC, 2013, fig. 11.25c). This implicit rejection of the models’ forecasting skill has passed unnoticed until now. Reviewers of the second draft were not consulted about the change in the IPCC’s key near-term projections, though many had argued for it.

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The IPCC’s explicit reliance on its own “expert assessment” rather than upon the models’ projections is a significant climbdown. However, even its reduced best estimate of 0.13 Cº/decade may still be on the high side. Observed outturn since 1950 has been below 0.11 Cº/decade (HadCRUT4, 2013: Fig. 4).

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Figure 4. Global mean surface temperature anomalies and 0.11 Cº/decade least-squares trend, January 1950 to November 2013 (from HadCRUT4 data).

That is not all. Despite record increases in CO2 concentration, there has been no global warming for almost 13 years (mean of GISS, HadCRUT4, NCDC, RSS, & UAH temperature data: Fig. 5), or, by satellite measurements, for more than 17 years (RSS, 2013: Fig. 6), and no warming distinguishable from the combined measurement, coverage, and bias uncertainties for 18 years (HadCRUT4, 2013: Fig. 7).

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Figure 5. Monthly global mean surface or lower-troposphere anomalies (dark blue) and least-squares linear-regression trend (bright blue: mean of GISS, HadCRUT4, NCDC, RSS, and UAH data), January 2001 to November 2013, showing no global warming for almost 13 years notwithstanding continuing rapid increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration (gray).

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Figure 6. Despite a near-linear increase of 2 μatm/year in CO2 concentration (NOAA, 2013, gray), the least-squares linear-regression trend (bright blue) on the RSS satellite monthly global mean lower-troposphere anomalies (dark blue) has been zero for 17 years 3 months (207 months).

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Figure 7. HadCRUT4 monthly global mean surface temperature anomalies and trend, February 1996 to November 2013, showing a linear trend entirely within and hence indistinguishable from the combined measurement, coverage, and bias uncertainties.

In the light of the growing divergence between projection and observation, a direct comparison between the IPCC’s now-reduced near-term global warming projections and observed temperature change since 2005 is of value as a performance indicator for the models’ global-warming projections.

Fig. 8 shows such a comparison, based on the downgraded projections in IPCC (2013, fig. 11.25a: see Fig. 2 above). In the nine years since 2005, a divergence of 0.15 Cº has occurred.

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Figure 8. Orange region: Models’ projections of global warming, January 2005 to November 2013, on the interval 1.33 [1.0, 2.33] Cº/century (from IPCC, 2013, fig. 11.25a). The second draft’s mid-range estimate is the final draft’s high-end estimate; the former low-end estimate is now the central estimate. Thick red trend-line: central projection of 0.12 K warming over the 107-month period, equivalent to 1.33 Cº/century. Gray curve and trend-line: monthly CO2 concentration anomalies (NOAA, 2013) and 18 μatm (198 μatm/century) trend, which caused 0.24 W m–2 forcing (or 0.35 W m–2 including other anthropogenic forcings). Of the 0.21 Cº warming projected to arise from this forcing, almost half was previously committed. Thick bright blue trend-line: Global cooling of 0.03 Cº (0.30 Cº/century: mean of five datasets). Over the period, the models over-predicted global warming by 0.15 Cº (1.6 Cº/century).

Multiple lines of evidence now confirm that the models and consequently the IPCC have overestimated global warming. Yet neither that misconceived organization nor any of its host of unthinking devotees has displayed any remorse. Instead, they persist in maintaining that the warming is temporarily paused, though they cannot really explain why; or they blame particulate aerosols, their get-out-of-jail-free fudge-factor; or they pretend warming is really continuing unabated, saying it has gone into hiding deep in the oceans where, conveniently, we cannot measure it, or that the Earth-atmosphere system has a fever driven by four atom-bombs’-worth of heat content increase every second.

What they are not prepared to countenance, notwithstanding the real-world, measured evidence, is the growing probability that they and their precious models have so badly misunderstood the climate, or so well understood it and so badly misrepresented it, that global warming is simply not going to occur at anything like any of the exaggerated rates that they had until now so confidently over-predicted.

Do not underestimate the importance of the IPCC’s climbdown, albeit that it is furtive and that there is not a hint of it in the Summary for Policymakers – the only part of the latest assessment that lazy politicians and incurious journalists may ever get around to reading.

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Figure 9. Five projections of global warming, 1990-2050, compared with the linear trends on two observed datasets. IPCC projections are mid-range estimates. The trend (green) on the HadCRUt4 monthly global mean surface temperature anomalies reflects the warming at 0.11 K decade–1 observed since 1950. The trend (dark green) on the RSS satellite data reflects the zero trend that has now persisted for more than 17 years. Both observed trends are extrapolated to 2050.

If anyone ever again tries to tell you The Science Is Settled, as the now-axed Klimate Kommissariat in Australia is still trying to do in its latest taxpayer-funded propaganda sheet, point to Fig. 9 and ask two questions.

First, point to the red zone marked Projections and ask which of the very wide range of official projections The Science has Settled upon.

Secondly, point to the green zone marked Observations and ask why the real climate has so persistently failed to pay any attention to the Settled Science.

Then sit back and listen to the increasingly demoralized and disjointed flannel. As the nonsense runs down, the game is up.

===============================================================

References

GISS, 2013, Monthly global mean surface temperature anomalies, 1880-2013, from http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v3/GLB.Ts+dSST.txt.

HadCRUT4, 2013, Monthly global mean surface temperature anomalies, from www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcrut4/data/current/time_series/HadCRUT.4.2.0.0.monthly_ns_avg.txt.

Hansen, J., I., Fung, A. Lacis, D. Rind, S. Lebedeff, R. Ruedy, and G. Russell, 1988, Global climate changes as forecast by Goddard Institute for Space Studies Three-Dimensional Model. J. Geophys. Res. 93 (D8): 9341-9364.

IPCC, 1990, Climate Change – The IPCC Assessment (1990): Report prepared for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change by Working Group I, J.T. Houghton, G.J. Jenkins and J.J. Ephraums (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Great Britain, New York, NY, USA and Melbourne, Australia, 410 pp.

IPCC, 1995, Climate Change 1995 – The Science of Climate Change: Contribution of WG1 to the Second Assessment Report, J.T. Houghton, L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell (eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Great Britain, New York, NY, USA and Melbourne, Australia.

IPCC, 2001, Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J.T., Y. Ding, D.J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P.J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell and C.A. Johnson (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and New York, NY, USA, 881 pp.

IPCC, 2007, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007 [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Avery, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and New York, NY, USA.

IPCC, 2013, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, and P.M. Midgley (eds.)], Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and New York, NY, USA.

NCDC, 2013, Monthly global mean surface temperature anomalies, 1880-2013, from ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov

/pub/data/anomalies/monthly.land_ocean.90S.90N.df_1901-2000mean.dat.

NOAA, 2013, Monthly mean atmospheric CO2 concentration anomalies, 1958-2013, from ftp://ftp.cmdl.noaa.gov/ccg/co2/trends/co2_mm_mlo.txt.

RSS, Inc., 2013, Global mean lower-troposphere temperature anomalies, 1979-2013, remss.com/data/msu/monthly_time_series/RSS_Monthly_MSU_AMSU_Channel_TLT_Anomalies_Land_and_Ocean_v03_3.txt.

UAH, 2013, Satellite MSU monthly global mean lower-troposphere temperature anomalies: vortex.nsstc.uah.edu/data/msu/t2lt/uahncdc.lt.

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Patrick
January 2, 2014 4:19 am

“Gail Combs says:
January 2, 2014 at 1:57 am”
Exactly!

Patrick
January 2, 2014 4:32 am

“Billmelater says:
January 1, 2014 at 10:41 pm
Just so you that you are informed, I just found this:
‘at the Pink Roadhouse in Oodnadatta, owner Adriana Jacob said her personal weather gauge showed temperatures had soared to as high as 54C ‘”
And that is a calibrated “gauge”, right?

Matt G
January 2, 2014 4:44 am

No where is Australia by official stations have reordered temperatures anywhere near 54c.
http://www.bom.gov.au/web03/ncc/www/awap/temperature/maxextrm/hi/week/colour/latest.gif
Same for yesterday also,
http://www.bom.gov.au/web03/ncc/www/awap/temperature/maxave/daily/colour/latest.gif

pat
January 2, 2014 4:47 am

i’ve stil got a comment with the following as part of it in moderation:
Oodnadatta is in the State of South Australia:
2 Jan: SBS: Near record temperatures in inland Australia
Bureau of Meteorology climatologist Blair Trewin: “The highest temperature we’ve seen so far in this event is 49.3 at Moomba in the far north east of South Australia on Thursday – that’s just short of their record. They had a 49.6 last year – and the overall picture’s been a lot of places have just missed records by one tenth of a degree – Alice Springs is another one where that’s happened.”
He says South Australia appears to have passed the worst of its hot weather…
http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/01/02/near-record-temperatures-inland-australia

Jimbo
January 2, 2014 5:20 am

The last graphic says it all. What if we get a decade of more cooling (without volcanic forcing), what then? How will the graphic look like? 🙂 Only then will they admit that the science is really not settled? Or maybe not.
http://wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/clip_image022.jpg

January 2, 2014 5:21 am

I wouldn’t put it past the IPCC to suddenly announce that it had been wrong all along and that increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations causes global cooling. All it would take would be just changing the signs of a few variables in their models and quickly readjusting historical global temperature data to show it was warmer in the past.
Given the propensity for the majority of individuals to not remember what happened decades ago and believe what authority figures tell them, likely such a preposterous scheme would be noticed only by those who are suspicious by nature and question authority. With a mere flip of the presumed effects of CO2 on world temperature, suddenly the models would fit far better and would predict a new ice age in a century. The only question is whether people would accept the huge reductions in fossil fuel consumption which would be imperative to prevent the next ice age according to “experts”? While such a reversal of the IPCC’s position might seem far fetched, it is more plausible than Trenbeth’s “missing heat” and it appears that no theory is too implausible for this group of kleptocrats if it furthers the watermelon agenda of a deindustrialized world.

pat
January 2, 2014 5:25 am

2 Jan: ABC: Helicopter rescues passengers onboard stranded Antarctic ship Akademik Shokalskiy
All of the scientists and tourists who have been stranded on a research ship in Antarctica since Christmas Eve have been rescued…
A total of 52 people were flown to the Australian icebreaker Aurora Australis in an operation that took more than four hours…
Sydney-based expedition spokesman, Alvin Stone, says the group is relieved.
“Aside from the packing madness, I think there’s quite a bit of joy through the ship at the fact that it’s finally coming,” he said.
“I think it was at that point where people were getting frustrated with what was going on.
“Now at last feel they can move on and the expedition can continue what it was supposed to do, or actually just get home to be perfectly honest.”…
http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-01-02/rescue-helicopter-arrives-at-stranded-antarctic-ship/5182632
wondering if everyone realises the “4 degree”/Cloud story was announced to the world by the same AAE (Australasian Antarctic Expedition) spokesman:
PUBLIC RELEASE DATE: 31-Dec-2013
Contact: Alvin Stone
University of New South Wales
Cloud mystery solved: Global temperatures to rise at least 4°C by 2100
“Our research has shown climate models indicating a low temperature response to a doubling of carbon dioxide from preindustrial times are not reproducing the correct processes that lead to cloud formation,” said lead author from the University of New South Wales’ Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science Prof Steven Sherwood…
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-12/uons-ncs121913.php

pat
January 2, 2014 5:40 am

Nature showed Steven Sherwood’s affiliations as including CCRC/UNSW, which has Chris Turney on the Team, but MSM only mentioned Sherwood’s affiliation to the ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, in which UNSW is just part of a consortium.
Nature: Spread in model climate sensitivity traced to atmospheric convective mixing
Received 16 May 2013; Accepted 05 November 2013; Published online 01 January 2014
Affiliations: Steven C. Sherwood: Climate Change Research Centre and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v505/n7481/full/nature12829.html
Australian Research Council is the Australian government’s main agency for allocating research funding to academics and researchers at Australian universities:
Australian Govt: Australian Research Council
Alvin Stone
Media and Communications Manager
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science
University of New South Wales
http://www.climatescience.org.au/staff/profile/astone
it has annoyed me that the MSM made no reference to Sherwood/Turney connections, given the AAE fiasco:
UNSW Climate Change Research Centre Team
Professor Steve Sherwood
Director, Climate Change Research Centre
Professor Chris Turney
Adjunct, Climate Change Research Centre
http://www.ccrc.unsw.edu.au/staff/academic.html

Matt G
January 2, 2014 5:42 am

My estimates for global warming at the maximum rate will be 0.85c by 2100. That is global warming roughly 0.1c per decade, but for 30 years in the near future don’t see any warming. Therefore at most 0.1c per decade global temperatures will have risen by 0.55c by 2100.
Why is this value even too high? The theory behind a doubling of CO2 leads to 1c warming, any more relies on positive feedback’s.
Global water vapor has been declining overall during recent decades (especially at high levels) so the link between CO2 and positive feedback regarding water vapor is absent. Naturally if more global low cloud increases this is a positive feedback in the cooling direction, so the feedback to doubling CO2 still shows to be in the cooling region. Therefore 1c per doubling of CO2 is still too high taking into feedback’s that represent cooling.
This is where the 0.55c by 2100 becomes half that and therefore 0.275c warming by 2100 not starting until to at least 2044, will hardly be noticeable on a global level. CAGW has finally come to end regarding scientific evidence, but politically the desperation will continue.
What if the suns solar activity significant declines over the next decades and that the 0.275c warming could easily become a negative one by 2100.

Steve Keohane
January 2, 2014 5:47 am

Billmelater says: January 1, 2014 at 10:53 pm
Mib8 not sure myself. Someone told me there was a difference between heat and temperature. Some substance can gain heat and not increase temperature. Something called latent heat. Sounds weird but I suppose it can happen.

Several of your comments drew out the snarkiness in myself and a few others, though I had not posted yet. Many have been following this AR5 for several months, this is the first actual change, and it is in the opposite direction that the IPCC has been digging in its heels about for years.
As regards your statement above, that made me realize you have a mind and there is an opening to it. Temperature does not measure the actual heat in a system. Think about a 40°C day. Is it more comfortable at 10 %RH or 90 %RH. Even though the temperature is the same, the air with the higher %RH has more actual heat, or enthalpy. In order to tell if the world is warming the temperature needs to go up with the same or higher humidity, but we don’t really have the measurements to tell if the fraction of a 1°C warming we have seen so far actually means it has warmed. Considering that humidity seems to be decreasing, the whole warming concept becomes tenuous at best, let alone catastrophic.
http://i48.tinypic.com/2qlfnzn.jpg

January 2, 2014 6:19 am

Billmelater:
At January 2, 2014 at 2:29 am you write

Minutes of meetings etc are different from draft reports. If the final report had to reflect the draft exactly, then the draft is the final report. You know it makes sense!

Oh dear! You have completely missed a very major point of the article by Lord Monckton.
He writes

Do not underestimate the importance of the IPCC’s climbdown, albeit that it is furtive and that there is not a hint of it in the Summary for Policymakers – the only part of the latest assessment that lazy politicians and incurious journalists may ever get around to reading.

You have not merely underestimated the importance of the point: you have ignored it completely. And what the IPCC has done is sneaky in the extreme.
It is the custom and practice of the IPCC for all of its Reports to be amended to agree with the political summaries. The facts are as follows.
The Summary for Policymakers (SPM) is agreed “line by line” by politicians and/or representatives of politicians, and it is then published. After that the so-called ‘scientific’ Reports are amended to agree with the SPM. This became IPCC custom and practice of the IPCC when prior to its Second Report the then IPCC Chairman, John Houghton, decreed,

We can rely on the Authors to ensure the Report agrees with the Summary.

This was done and has been the normal IPCC procedure since then.
This custom and practice enabled the infamous ‘Chapter 8′ scandal so perhaps it should – at long last – be changed. However, it has been adopted as official IPCC procedure for all subsequent IPCC Reports.
Appendix A of the present Report (the AR5 which is under discussion here) states this where it says.

4.6 Reports Approved and Adopted by the Panel
Reports approved and adopted by the Panel will be the Synthesis Report of the Assessment Reports and other Reports as decided by the Panel whereby Section 4.4 applies mutatis mutandis.

This is completely in accord with the official purpose of the IPCC.
The IPCC does NOT exist to summarise climate science and it does not.
The IPCC is only permitted to say AGW is a significant problem because they are tasked to accept that there is a “risk of human-induced climate change” which requires “options for adaptation and mitigation” that can be selected as political polices and the IPCC is tasked to provide those “options”.
This is clearly stated in the “Principles” which govern the work of the IPCC. These are stated at
http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles.pdf
Near its beginning that document says

ROLE
2. The role of the IPCC is to assess on a comprehensive, objective, open and transparent basis the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation. IPCC reports should be neutral with respect to policy, although they may need to deal objectively with scientific, technical and socio-economic factors relevant to the application of particular policies.

This says the IPCC exists to provide
(a) “information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change”
and
(b) “options for adaptation and mitigation” which pertain to “the application of particular policies”.
Hence, its “Role” demands that the IPCC accepts as a given that there is a “risk of human-induced climate change” which requires “options for adaptation and mitigation” which pertain to “the application of particular policies”. Any ‘science’ which fails to support that political purpose is ‘amended’ in furtherance of the IPCC’s Role.
This is achieved by amendment of the IPCC’s so-called ‘scientific’ Reports to fulfil the IPCC’s political purpose by politicians approving the SPM then the IPCC lead Authors amending the so-called ‘scientific’ Reports to agree with the SPM.
All IPCC Reports including the IPCC AR5 are pure pseudoscience intended to provide information to justify political actions; i.e.Lysenkoism.
That is bad enough. But what Lord Monckton reports above compounds the pseudoscience.
People only read the SPMs because the so-called ‘science’ Reports are amended to agree with the SPMs. This practice is in accord with the practice and procedures specified in the IPCC’s own documents. But in this case – as Lord Monckton points out – the so-called ‘science’ Report has been amended to DISagree with the SPM.
Richard

Richard M
January 2, 2014 6:57 am

mib8 says:
January 1, 2014 at 10:42 pm
So, why do all of the graphs seem to show some global warming over the last 17-18 years, when several postings have said that the data show no global warming over that period? I’m not trying to be annoying; I just don’t understand.

Couple of things to keep in mind.
1)A trend is only meaningful if it is within the bounds of the mechanism causing the trend. Look at the following graph.
http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/rss/from/plot/rss/from/to:2005/trend/plot/rss/from:2005/trend
As you can see the trend shows warming and then cooling if you break at the approximate position the PDO changed from its warm mode to its cool mode (2005). Now, you can create trends across this boundary that show warming or cooling. And, that is what many people do. For example, if you start in 2001 you will still see a cooling trend to the end, but if you start in 1990 you will see a warming trend.
2) There are different data sets based on different data capture technologies. The only good ones are satellites but they only go back 35 years. I would avoid any of the other data sets when measuring anything within the last 35 years.
As for the IPCC I think they might have the numerical value pretty close, they just have the sign wrong.

Chip Javert
January 2, 2014 7:11 am

Billmelater says:
January 1, 2014 at 6:07 pm
Does Christopher think that everything in a draft document should appear in the final report?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Christopher can speak for himself, but the reasonably knowledgeable & curious observer would want to know the scientific justification for a material change to “settled science”. You should, too.

January 2, 2014 7:29 am

Richard M:
I write to respectfully dispute an argument in your post at January 2, 2014 at 6:57 am.
You say

As you can see the trend shows warming and then cooling if you break at the approximate position the PDO changed from its warm mode to its cool mode (2005). Now, you can create trends across this boundary that show warming or cooling. And, that is what many people do. For example, if you start in 2001 you will still see a cooling trend to the end, but if you start in 1990 you will see a warming trend.

True, but so what?
Your point is not relevant to the important question as to how long there has been no discernible global warming.
The answer to that question has to be obtained by back in time from now.
So-called ‘climate science’ uses linear trends and applies 95% confidence. There are good reasons to dispute the adoption of linear trends (and your point about PDO modes does dispute the applicability of linear trends) and to dispute the use of 95% as appropriate confidence. But so-called ‘climate science’ does use linear trends and does apply 95% confidence so those are the conventions which are appropriate to use in this case.
Starting from now and working back in time one discovers that each of the data sets of global temperature shows a linear trend which cannot be discerned as being different from zero at 95% confidence for at least 17 years (RSS says 22 years).
In other words, when the criteria set by so-called ‘climate science’ are used then the available data sets each indicates there has been no discernible global warming or global cooling trend for at least 17 years.
And this is why even the IPCC admits that there is a “pause” in global warming. However, in reality it cannot be known if global warming will resume (so has “paused”) or if global cooling will occur in future. All that can be said with certainty is that a discernible trend of global warming has stopped.
Richard

Gail Combs
January 2, 2014 7:48 am

Boris Gimbarzevsky says:
January 2, 2014 at 5:21 am
I wouldn’t put it past the IPCC to suddenly announce that it had been wrong all along and that increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations causes global cooling. …
While such a reversal of the IPCC’s position might seem far fetched, it is more plausible than Trenbeth’s “missing heat” and it appears that no theory is too implausible for this group of kleptocrats if it furthers the watermelon agenda of a deindustrialized world.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Given what William McClenney says January 1, 2014 at 11:51 pm and in his threads here at WUWT, information that is obviously known to the politicians as shown in this CIA Report – link, one wonders WHY a movement to “deindustrialized” the first world, was promoted at the same time by John Holdren, Anne Ehrlich, and Paul Ehrlich in the book Human Ecology: Problems and Solutions. link
The problem is although the 1970’s “Cooling Scare’ died the Anti-Growth Malthusianism typified by that book did not. The perspective is still very much alive and well in Obama’s Science Czar, John Holdren, who now wants to use “free-markets” (WTO??) to achieve his original goal. Heck he even has a really weird definition of ‘Human’ and I doubt many here at WUWT meet it.

“The fetus, given the opportunity to develop properly before birth, and given the essential early socializing experiences and sufficient nourishing food during the crucial early years after birth, will ultimately develop into a human being” ~ “Human Ecology: Problems and Solutions. link

So a baby or even a toddler with bad ‘Socializing’ is not human and therefore killing it is not murder. (Ain’t Spin-Doctors great)
This can also be seen in this statement by Dr. Ezekiel J. Emanuel, a bioethicist and architect of President Obama’s health care law.

…”This civic republican or deliberative democratic conception of the good provides both procedural and substantive insights for developing a just allocation of health care resources. Procedurally, it suggests the need for public forums to deliberate about which health services should be considered basic and should be socially guaranteed. Substantively, it suggests services that promote the continuation of the polity – those that ensure healthy future generations, ensure development of practical reasoning skills, and ensure full and active participation by citizens in public deliberation – are to be socially guaranteed as basic. Conversely, services provided to individuals who are irreversibly prevented from being or becoming participating citizens are not basic and should not be guaranteed. An obvious example is not guaranteeing health services to patients with dementia. link

So only those people who are ‘useful’ are ‘Human’ and the elderly are no longer ‘useful’ This attitude towards the general public can also be seen in the Liverpool Care Pathway scandal in the UK. link and link and link
Where am I going with this?
These bits and pieces that indicate that world leaders view us as less than ‘human’ and may therefore have plans for wiping out large numbers of people if the feel it necessary.
A return to very cold weather would make that necessary and despite the public face I very much doubt they ever forgot Shackelton and the Milankovitch theory from the 1960s and 70s. The 88 year Geissberg cycle would have told them a warming trend was due. This is substantiated by Maurice Strong’s flogging the Global Warming Horse back at the 1972 Earth Summit BEFORE warming actually became obvious. This was especially ironic because in the same year:

…the improving knowledge of glacial history, and especially the apparent brevity of warm interglacials, prompted anxiety about a full-blown ice age. George Kukla, together with Robert Matthews of Brown University, convened a conference in 1972 entitled “The Present Interglacial: How and When will it End?”, and reported it in Science magazine.
Kukla and Matthews alerted President Richard Nixon, and as a result the US Administration set up a Panel on the Present Interglacial involving the State Department and other agencies. None of us knew then that the mid-century cooling was about to be punctuated by a warming spell from the late 1970s to the mid 1990s…
link

Am I distrustful and cynical when it comes to the motives of politicians? You Betcha!

Monckton of Brenchley
January 2, 2014 7:59 am

Many thanks to all who have commented on this surely heartening news that the IPCC is no longer predicting climate doom arising from rapidly rising temperatures in the short to medium term. In the light of the IPCC’s climbdown over its near-term predictions, the notion that we only have x years to Save The Planet becomes visibly nonsensical.
I’m grateful to Werner Brozek for pointing out a typo: the IPCC’s prediction is for 0.3-0.7 K warming over the next 30 years, not 0.4-0.7 K.
The trolls are on the back foot on this one. Their arguments are more than usually dopey. For instance, the furtively pseudonymous “Billmelater” presents the news that the IPCC is “still expecting an increasing temperature” as though that were some kind of knock-down argument against the fact that the IPCC has now admitted that the “increasing temperature” range it predicts is smaller than it has predicted before.
“Billmelater” also asks whether I think everything in a draft document should appear in the final report. Nothing in the head posting suggested that I thought any such thing. However, given that the IPCC has in fact dumped the models and substituted its own supposedly “expert” judgment, with a consequent substantial reduction in its near-term warming predictions compared with previous reports, that fact should have been – but was not – made clear in the Summary for Policymakers.
The sneakily pseudonymous “Mib8” asks “Why do all the graphs seem to show some global warming over the last 17-18 years?” On wishes trolls could read – or, even if they cannot be expected to be able to read, at least look at the pictures. The graph from Remote Sensing Systems Inc. shows no global warming – at all – for 17 years 3 months – a fact that is not only pointed out in words but also illustrated with a graph plainly showing the zero trend line.
Richard Betts says my statement that the IPCC has “quietly cut” its near-term global-warming projections is a “totally manufactured criticism”. My only criticism of the IPCC was that it was furtive and that it is a misconceived body. The central points of the head posting, as all of the trolls no doubt realized, are to show that the IPCC is no longer confident in the ability of the models accurately to predict near-term warming, and that it has greatly reduced its predictions of near-term warming compared with earlier reports, and that even its latest predictions are well above observed reality.
Of course these points are a huge embarrassment to those who have profiteered by telling us we’re all doomed, and of course the trolls will do their best to undermine these points by deliberately misunderstanding them. But the facts are the facts, and the trolls – if they are any better at math than they are at reading and at looking at graphs – will be able to verify the facts from the detailed list of references provided at the end of the posting.
A Happy New Year to one and all.

January 2, 2014 8:09 am

Gail Combs, I fear you are right – I would not be classified as human by the Gurdaian editorial staff.
I guess that’s why my right to free speech is taken away. Wonder what is next.
As usual, CS Lewis, (That Hideous Strength), got there first.
A highly recommended read, although I’m sure you have done.

January 2, 2014 8:39 am

Mr Monckton
On the contrary, the IPCC previously made clear the substantial uncertainty in projections of near-term warming (as with long-term warming). As this figure from AR4 shows, the previous projections of warming by 2011-2030 spanned quite a wide range (see the orange curves).
The new range of projections in AR5 falls within the wider range of the AR4 projections. The range has been narrowed (with the upper end of previous projections now being less likely) because of (a) more years of observational data becoming available as time goes on, and (b) the recent slowdown in warming.
But thanks for taking an interest – Happy New Year to you.

January 2, 2014 8:41 am

Previous post should have said 2020-2029, not 2011-2030.

Robert W Turner
January 2, 2014 8:43 am

I can’t believe they included Eemian temperatures showing that we are barely into the lower end of the temperatures during that time. Only a climactivist can admit we are colder than the previous interglacial period — during which the biosphere thrived — and claim that the Earth will soon become a barren wasteland as we warm to the exact same levels.

January 2, 2014 8:56 am

If Dr. Brown (Duke Univ.) is correct and the climate is chaotic with two strange attractors, Warm and Cold, then the Holocene is sitting on the edge of the transition between them and it may not even matter if we do not go into glaciation. The wild ride as the climate becomes unstable will be bad enough.
That is the big question of course. What is the threshold conditions needed to push us into the next glaciation or climate instability? Catastrophic Global Warming is completely off the table for the next 4,000 years even in the best case scenario, “..Insolation will remain at this level slightly above the inception for the next 4,000 years before it then increases again.” except as spikes caused by the chaotic climate’s instability.

At least two attractors — two are readily apparent in the Pliestocene, with the warm phase attractor nearly stable at pre-Pliestocene levels and the cold-phase glacial attractor steadily decreasing in mean temperature. The other pronounced feature of the data is a steady shift of the length of the glacial periods from 22 ky to 26 ky to 100 ky over the last 600 ky or thereabouts. As was already noted above, we are in one of the two longest interglacials evident in at least the recent record at a point that could reasonably be expected to be the end of it — or not. The LIA was, or should have been, rather terrifying as global temperatures reached the lowest levels they have been across the entire Holocene post Younger Dryas, level that could easily have been critically unstable to the cold phase transition.
Near critical points in open bistable/multistable dynamical systems, fluctuations often grow. The system has two (or more) states that are both consistent with the given energy flow, and random factors constantly nucleate small domains with the structure appropriate to the opposite phase. Far from criticality, those fluctuations are quickly damped. Near criticality, the feedbacks start to favor their growth rather than their decay and the behavior of the system becomes much broader, with larger oscillatory trajectories around an increasingly unstable attractor. This is what “tipping point” arguments are all about — sometimes there are gross feedbacks (such as ice albedo and latent heat) that one can imagine having a point of no return — if enough ice melts, if glaciers and permafrost retreat enough during the summer, then the lowered albedo ensures that it won’t get cold enough to refreeze into glaciers/permafrost anew come winter (at least on the boundaries) and glaciers shrink irreversibly. Or the other way — we have a very cold winter with excessive snow and ice, and all of that snow both takes time to melt and reflects away a lot of spring heat, prolonging the winter and lowering the net heat uptake for the year. The next winter is even colder, snowier, and longer, and spring/summer cooling even less effective, and we tip towards glaciation.
The problem with such arguments is that they are vastly oversimplified — they attempt to predict the behavior of a complex system on the basis of an heuristic applied to one or two projective dimensions. They fail to explain why any given year is unusually cold and snowy (or not) in the first place, and besides, the system is manifestly approximately stable almost all of the time because we do not tip over into glaciation any time there is a particularly cold winter, or tip over into melted ice caps and eternal springtime any time we have years, or even decades, of excessive warmth. The shortest relevant timescales of secular variation appear to be decades, and the relevant timescale for true movement of the climate appears to be at least a century.
I’ve said it before, and I’ll say it again. Until we have models that can quantitatively — not qualitatively in some reduced dimensionality, but quantitatively — explain the full Pliestocene, and (further refined) quantitatively explain the climate variation over the Holocene, we will not have a clear idea of the baseline for climate variation — what the climate would be in the absence of anthropogenic CO_2. This is a serious question. If the barbarians had overrun Europe at the end of the 17th century (also the end of the coldest stretch of the LIA), so that the Enlightenment never occurred, so that human generated CO_2 never became an issue, what would the global climate be like right now? Is it conceivable that it would have rebounded almost identically to what we have observed even without human “forcing”? Bear in mind that even the models that predict CO_2-based warming indicate that this warming is essentially negligible up until perhaps the 1950’s when the post-WWII industrial boom caused the current relatively rapid rise. The warming from 1950 to 2000 is almost identical to the warming observed from 1900 to 1950 (so much so that one has to be pretty knowledgeable in order to be able to even identify which is which without a legend or caption to help if they are presented on the same scale side by side).
In the meantime, something caused the Little Ice Age. It was a real, global phenomenon. It was not aerosols, not carbon dioxide or its lack. It was in some ways a continuation of the general cooling that has been slowly occurring since the Holocene Optimum, but it suggests that that cooling may have proceeded to the point where cold-phase fluctuations are not so strongly suppressed — that one certainly grew, and it has taken centuries for it to shrink back to near “normal” for this point in the Holocene (which is still somewhat cooler than it has been for most of the last 11,000 years). These are not small effects — what is being moved is the climate of the entire planet, over a few decades, from mostly warm to substantially colder, all occurring entirely naturally.
The current cooling-to-neutral phase is being accomplished without the help of volcanic aerosols and in the teeth of increasing CO_2. What might we expect if we have a series of 2-3 Pinatubo-scale volcanic events in a decade, or even if one, large, particularly emissive volcano re-awakens and begins a decade-long eruption? We don’t really have much evidence for a still warmer-phase tipping point in the climate record with the current configuration of oceans and continents — the last time the climate was substantially warmer than the Holocene even back before the beginning of the Pliestocene was when the continents and oceans had an entire different topology and connectivity, in particular a channel between North and South America. It is hypothesized on the basis of a perceived stability to a warm phase planet with Antarctica and Greenland fully melted, so that negative albedo feedback is maximally achieved.
But is that truly stable? In the historical past, it hasn’t been. Even when Antarctica was indeed fully melted in the summers and supported a rich array of life, it wasn’t horribly stable and eventually it froze never to thaw again. We do not, really, have a clear idea of what the stable attractors are even out there in this extreme regime, and we have no idea what the barriers are between the current climate state and any domain where those attractors become dominant. Many egregious statements are made that are based on e.g. the melting of the Greenland icepack, kilometers thick, in only a few decades, or the melting of the land based Antarctic glaciers at a time when Antarctic ice appears to be growing.
I truly do think that climate science is a worthy endeavor for the human race. We have benefited tremendously from our ability to predict the weather in the short run and the climate (within reason) on a slightly longer run. However, predicting the climate on a century scale without the complication of CO_2 is currently beyond us. We cannot even explain the climate of the last few centuries (without CO_2) and have no particularly good reason to think that we could accurately predict what the climate would have been without anthropogenic CO_2. The historical record is rife with century-scale degree-scale changes in global temperature. If one computes the root-mean slope of global temperature in most of the proxies — essentially the average slope positive OR negative of the temperature — I suspect that it would be order of 0.5-1.0 C — decades where the average temperature changes by at least 0.05 C almost certainly outnumber decades where it does not, and the climate usually appears to have a longer term trend up or down over still longer time scales. This is a lower bound for the natural variability of the climate, and is clearly of the same order as all of the warming correctly or falsely attributed to human activity.
There is a serious problem with signal to noise here. It will be decades before the AGW hypothesis is quantitatively settled, simply because it will take decades for any “warming signal” to emerge from the natural noise, and it will even then require a lot of sophisticated analysis to separate the two in a fully coupled chaotic system with a substantial innate trend that might well swamp both signal and noise in movements so grand that the entire human race is helpless before them (such as a return to glacial conditions).
Human civilization has risen from “nothing” but scattered tribes of hunter-gatherers over the Holocene interglacial. We may — I say may — have learned enough to survive the next glaciation, although probably with a vastly reduced global population, decimated by wars and famine and the return of energy poverty. Hansen’s 5 meter SLR and the end of the Pliestocene is equally scary, actually, although I have to say that I’d rather live in a warm, wet world than in a glacial interval when times are hardest everywhere and ice a kilometer thick stretches down to Pennsylvania in North America and covers most of Europe and northern Asia where currently some billion or two people live (given a choice of catastrophes). However, we do not have such a choice. We do not understand the climate well enough to predict it with anything like real confidence, and it will almost certainly require decades of work on the part of a scientific community not infected with uncharacteristic hubris to get to where we can.
In the meantime, technology will continue its advance. The energy sources of today will eventually be abandoned simply because they aren’t sustainable on a millennial scale (some of them not even on a century scale). Carbon based energy was never more than a bootstrap resource, a readily available resource sufficient to permit the rapid advance of civilization and human knowledge to where we can do better, with fuel resources that can last indefinitely. It would be lovely to get through that transition with lots of unexploited carbon left in the ground, so that if humans are wiped out by a pandemic or if civilization collapses in a global nuclear war upon the advent of the next glacial era, there is something easy to mine and burn to bootstrap a second attempt. I applaud the desire to develop solar energy, fission based energy, fusion based energy, satellite based energy into viable sustainable resources even as I deplore any effort to force the issue and adopt them before the technologies are mature and cost-efficient.
It’s funny. For most of the course of human history, religions of all sorts predict apocalyptic events that will end “the age” of the day, the current Yuga. Even without science, religions recognize the essential impermanence of things, the changing nature of Nature. The apocalypses they predict — nay, “prophecy” — are absurd, of course. There is no secret knowledge of divine inspiration that can lead us to accurately predict the future, and plain old mundane observationally founded knowledge of things such as physics, chemistry, geology, and astronomy have a pretty hard time extrapolating the global ecology a single decade into the future let alone a century. As noted above, it is easy to find or hypothesize “apocalyptic” catastrophes in nature with or without human help — glaciation, desertification, collapse of the global ecosystem, pollution of the oceans, nuclear war, asteroid collisions, gamma ray bursts. Some of these we can clearly influence. Some them, if they occur, are just plain bad luck for the human race. So long, human Charlie. Better luck next Yuga.
As was the case with the religious “catastrophes”, the unscrupulous are quick to seize on any possibility of disaster and exploit it to their own profit, or use it to advance a privately help political position by basically lying to people, playing on their fears. That’s what the quotes up above reveal — a substantial amount of the CAGW noise is just the deliberate attempt to exaggerat the the quality and certainty of the science in order to achieve a political end through deception. The end, it is presumed, justifies the means. Thus always does the priesthood justify its actions — without this myth, without believing this lie, people won’t do what they “should” do or would choose to do if, like me (they believe), they were in full possession of the facts.
Time to replay the Feynman Cargo Cult lecture. There is absolutely no substitute for honesty in science, and there is something ethically reprehensible about any scientist who would deliberately overstate the scientific case for some belief in order to attain their own desired political ends.
rgb

John Whitman
January 2, 2014 9:31 am

Richard Betts on January 2, 2014 at 8:39 am said,
Monckton
“. . .
The new range of projections in AR5 falls within the wider range of the AR4 projections. The range has been narrowed (with the upper end of previous projections now being less likely) because of (a) more years of observational data becoming available as time goes on, and (b) the recent slowdown in warming.
. . .”

– – – – – – – –
Richard Betts,
I find your criticism of Monckton’s rhetoric both logical and reasonably established, but only when ignoring a faulty premise at the base of your reasoning.
Your problematic premise is that the IPCC has an unbiased epistemological structure with neutral processes and built in self-correction mechanisms to yield objective balance.
It is not. It is a subjectively contrived entity for using a new concept of science to support a non-scientific ‘a priori’ conclusion.
Its new concept of science is based on ideas having primacy over observations instead of observations having primacy over ideas.
Thus the AR progression you discuss is the non-rational product of built-in subjectivity, scientifically speaking.
A demarcation of IPCC endorsed research from objectively evaluated research is now known sufficiently for minimizing the IPCC’s merit in the evolution of future climate science dialog.
Happy New Year to you.
Also, Happy New Year to the IPCC Bureau.
John

Monckton of Brenchley
January 2, 2014 9:55 am

Mr. Whitman flatters me by describing my surely businesslike and scientific head posting as “rhetoric”, and says he cannot fault Mr. Betts’ criticism of my “rhetoric”. However, I had made the simple, straightforward point that the IPCC’s current interval of projections is lower than it was in the second draft of its latest report.
Neither in the second draft nor in any previous report had the IPCC projected, as its central case, as little as 0.4 K global warming over 30 years. No amount of wriggling by Mr. Betts will alter that fact. It is also entirely plain from the very clear diagrams in the head posting that the IPCC’s current interval of projections is very much at the low end of the models’ projections. It is the first time the IPCC has substituted its “expert judgment” for the electronic crystal-gazing of the models.
Professor Brown points out, rightly, that the rate of global warming from 1900-1950 is almost indistinguishable from that of 1950-2000. In the earlier period, the models would not have predicted much global warming (probably as little as 0.1 K). Yet that period warmed almost as fast as the later period, when we could in theory have had some measurable influence on the climate. His final sentence about the immorality of scientists deriving their results from political belief rather than the other way about is well put.

Gail Combs
January 2, 2014 9:58 am

Robert Brown says: January 2, 2014 at 8:56 am
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Thank you Dr. Brown for clarifying that.
We need to understand the real questions and variables in climate. Not focus on just one possibility. Let’s face, it the Holocene has been incredibly ‘even tempered’ compared to other interglacials. Also like you I want to see other energy sources (Thorium?) brought on board. As a chemist, burning the feed stock for many chemical processes makes me cringe.

Allan MacRae
January 2, 2014 10:27 am

Remembering Victor Paschkis, 93, Retired Professor And Pacifist
I met Victor and Marjory Paschkis in ~1970 in Kingston Ontario. They were impressive people who had a significant influence on my life. Victor and Marjory invited us to visit them at Fellowship Farm in Pottstown, Pa. Events intervened and we never made the trip. Marjory died in 1983 and Victor in 1991.
http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/20/obituaries/victor-paschkis-93-a-retired-professor-and-pacifist-is-dead.html
In 1986, the American Association for the Advancement of Science gave Dr. Paschkis its Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award for his “pioneering efforts to establish the principle that scientists and engineers have a personal responsibility for the social consequences of their professional activity.” In the same year the American Society of Mechanical Engineers gave him its Founders Award.
Stephen H. Unger wrote in 2009, “At some point after joining the Society of Friends (Quakers), Paschkis began promulgating the idea that scientists and engineers can’t properly ignore their consciences during working hours. They should, he argued, behave as moral people with respect to their work. To disseminate this viewpoint more widely, in 1949 he formed the Society for Social Responsibility in Science. Prominent SSRS supporters included Albert Einstein and Linus Pauling.”
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=05466002
The relevance to this thread is that the warmist camp has, I believe, failed to adhere to basic ethics in their fanatical promotion of global warming alarmism. They have squandered over a trillion dollars of scarce global resources based on nonsensical global warming catastrophism that we knew was false more than a decade ago. Now the warmist camp is climbing down from their very-scary global warming predictions one degree C at a time, in the hopes that nobody will notice they are abandoning ship.