Contradictory Studies – IPCC Struggling to Pinpoint Rising Sea Levels

http://www.spiegel.de/static/sys/v9/spiegelonline_logo.png

Story submitted by WUWT reader Mark B

…the estimates currently differ by almost five meters (16.5 feet).

The United Nations’ forecast of how quickly global sea levels will rise this century is vital in determining how much money might be needed to combat the phenomenon. But predictions by researchers vary wildly, and the attempt to find consensus has become fractious.

It is a number which will ultimately establish how billions in taxpayer money will be spent — and it is one which is the subject of heated debate, both among politicians and scientists.

When the next report from the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is issued in two years, it will include a forecast for how high the world’s oceans might rise by 2100. With 146 million people in the world currently living less than one meter above sea level, the forecast will be vital in determining how much money governments must spend on measures to protect people from the rising waters and to resettle those in the most acute danger.

Eighteen scientists from 10 countries are involved in the task, and their first step is to determine which of the myriad studies relating to climate change’s effect on ocean levels to consider. In the end, they are to establish a possible range, with the maximum being the most decisive — and most contested — number. Even more challenging, the estimates currently differ by almost five meters (16.5 feet).

Story:

http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,774706,00.html

 

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Obie
July 16, 2011 9:30 am

I wonder if Nils Axel Morner will be one of the experts from the ten countries? I hope he is otherwise I would think that the panel would be somewhat bogus.

Chuck L
July 16, 2011 9:41 am

Call me a cynic and a pessimist, but I think there is little chance that it will NOT be bogus.

pat
July 16, 2011 9:51 am

If they are having trouble getting a handle on the fact that sea levels have been remarkably stable, I am sure Green Peace can lend them their crack team of scientists to assist.

Latitude
July 16, 2011 10:19 am

It’s going to be really hard to pin this down……
…what with the sea floor sinking and all
/snark

F. Ross
July 16, 2011 10:22 am


“… With 146 million people in the world currently living less than one meter above sea level, the forecast will be vital in determining how much money governments must spend on measures to protect people from the rising waters and to resettle those in the most acute danger. …”

What a colossal waste of time and money. It is not as though we will wake one morning to find that sea levels have risen a meter over yesterday’s level.
A much better use of the money would be to establish a better tsunami warning system for low lying countries/populations.

Bruce Cobb
July 16, 2011 10:23 am

They should construct two wheels based on whether or not we deal with the “climate crisis”. Obviously, the one based on little or no measures to control “carbon” would have the higher, more catastrophic Hansen-esque range of 5 meters by the end of the century. Then, they could take turns spinning the two wheels, with averages taken for each. Voila, climate science at its best.

Bystander
July 16, 2011 10:44 am

Notice there really isn’t a question of if levels are rising but instead of exactly how much?
F Ross – if you lived in a low lying coastal area you’d care. A lot. It isn’t like you can simply pick up whole cities and move them by 2100 easily. Even if you don’t personally live in a low lying costal area you should care becuase these will likely be systemic costs that we’ll all have to contribute to.

D. J. Hawkins
July 16, 2011 11:24 am

Bystander says:
July 16, 2011 at 10:44 am
Notice there really isn’t a question of if levels are rising but instead of exactly how much?
F Ross – if you lived in a low lying coastal area you’d care. A lot. It isn’t like you can simply pick up whole cities and move them by 2100 easily. Even if you don’t personally live in a low lying costal area you should care becuase these will likely be systemic costs that we’ll all have to contribute to.

Well put. Whether due to CAGW, cosmic rays, or the sun burpping, the pragmatic questions are: if, how much, and by when? I am sure the Dutch care a lot if it’s going to be 1 foot or 10 feet and if it’s going to be 2030 or 2300. When you’re up to your you-know-what in alligators, do you care who flooded the swamp?

Schitzree
July 16, 2011 11:34 am

Bystander – The last time I was in Florida It seemed like there was a distinct lack of builders worried about the rising sea.
Of course I live in Indiana, so no derect worries from me about sea level rise. I just have to watch out for the Millions of climate refugies that will be heading my way by 2010. err, I mean 2020.
(sarc)

BravoZulu
July 16, 2011 11:50 am

The entire premise is bogus. The UN has no responsibility whatsoever to move people that live in places that will already be flooded by moderate typhoons or moderate floods. They either move themselves or they might die. That is pretty much their choice either way. There is no accelerated rise in sea levels. Therefore any paranoid fantasies of doom to the contrary are just children’s games of “what if” and boogeyman propaganda stories for sheep.

Bruce Cobb
July 16, 2011 12:11 pm

“It is a number which will ultimately establish how billions in taxpayer money will be spent — and it is one which is the subject of heated debate, both among politicians and scientists.”
The magic number will be one sufficiently high to cause concern, yet not so high as to create alarm and a “what’s the use, we’re doomed” feeling among the populace. Because, ultimately, $billions in further “climate research”, “green jobs”, “green energy”, and careers based on climate hocus pocus are at stake, so it’s critical to get it right.

Autochthony
July 16, 2011 12:18 pm

Concern about sea-level rise – or, in London, anyway, land-level falling. A return to isostatic equilibrium, I gather, means that the island of Great Britain [mainland England, Scotland & Wales (in strict alphabetic order, naturally)] is rising in the North, and sinking a little in the south. The Thames Barrier [opened in 1984] will probably only provide protection for London until the latter part of this century. but that’s the South East sinking, in part, at least.
Now, I’m looking for help: how do you tell a climate refugee from an economic refugee?
And – will our Masters in Brussels redefine the requirements, so we may not turn away a climate refugee?

rbateman
July 16, 2011 12:22 pm

The IPCC’s focus is narrow: They assume that sea levels cannot possibly fall.
They have a 50% chance of being wrong before they even start.

Larry Hamlin
July 16, 2011 12:25 pm

The article does not mention the data provided by the University of Colorado at Boulder showing satellite derived global sea level rise rates starting downward about the year 2002. This data is unequivocal in demonstrating that the rate of sea level rise is not accelerating as claimed by climate alarmists but that sea level rise is clearly declining. Not good news for the alarmists.

Hector M.
July 16, 2011 12:28 pm

I would like to know the exact procedures used to estimate that 146 million people live under 1 m above sea level. I would also like to know whether this includes people living in inland depressions (say, around the Dead Sea in Palestine) and in polder areas such as coastal Guyana or Netherlands (where defenses already exist, generally exceeding high-tide level by a generous margin).
Another interesting question I’d like to know about is the slope of those low-lying coastal areas. Suppose a very flat coastal area with 1% slope (which is a very low slope). This means that the coast is 1 m above sea level at 100 m from the high-tide coastline, and 2 m if you are 200 m inland.
There are indeed areas that flat, e.g. mangrove and swamp areas in Florida or some parts of Central America’s Atlantic coasts, e.g. Honduras or Belize, and also some areas near the mouth of large ricers such as the Amazon. I have seen some large beaches in Brazil that seem to be that flat, although most are steeper. All in all, it seems to me that they are not so many, and they are not heavily populated. There are, indeed, some historic places (such as Venice) where a sea level rise of 1 m may cause damage, and some cities (like New Orleans) that could do with better levees as painfully seen with Katrina; but we are not talking hurricanes or tsunamis here, only normal sea levels (which is what sea-level climate-related projections mostly deal with).
I would also like to see those projections envisaging large rises in sea level. Most of SLR is thermal expansion of water under higher water temperature, and this cannot be that much in view of existing temperature projections. Melting land ice can contribute more, but the most catastrophic models do not envisage nothing much for the next 100 years (Ridley et al, for instance, cited in AR4 in this regard, and working on the ASSUMPTION that Greenland Ice Sheet may gradually melt completely, project a complete melting in around 3000 years, causing an average addition of about 30 cm per century to the sea over those 3000 years, with a MAXIMUM rate of 55 cm/century at some point along the way, and much less than average in this century or the next few ones.
Now, it has to be acknowledged that a dramatically rising sea level is one of the scariest parts of possible changes in global climate, and thus a bit of exaggeration about its magnitude and speed is the least one may expect, since it would be advanced with the noble purpose of getting the message across,just to wake Humankind up from its slumber, even if the figures do not exactly add up.

F. Ross
July 16, 2011 1:44 pm


Bystander says:
July 16, 2011 at 10:44 am
F Ross – if you lived in a low lying coastal area you’d care. A lot. It isn’t like you can simply pick up whole cities and move them by 2100 easily.
D. J. Hawkins says:
July 16, 2011 at 11:24 am

I have lived in the same community [which incidentally does have low lying beach frontage] for the last 67 years and have observed no changes in sea level even though I pass through that area on an almost daily basis. If sea level rise were ever to be a real problem here I’m sure that the owners of the many expensive motels/hotels in the beach area would long ago have demanded some sort of barrier to be erected. And …building in the beach area continues apace.
Storm surge is a horse of a different color, but to me the projected sea level rise is just that: “projected.”

DirkH
July 16, 2011 1:51 pm

It looks to me like the warmist circus falls apart without their master orchestrator, the late Dr. Stephen Schneider. I don’t think this cacophony would have occured under his watch.

DirkH
July 16, 2011 1:53 pm

Bystander says:
July 16, 2011 at 10:44 am
“Notice there really isn’t a question of if levels are rising but instead of exactly how much?”
A prognosis of falling sea levels has no chance of attracting any funding so it’s useless for today’s government scientists and will only be explored by self funded amateurs.

rbateman
July 16, 2011 1:54 pm

Does anyone know of a plan-of-action should sea levels drop precipitously?

Hans Erren
July 16, 2011 3:19 pm

Thanks to Stefan Rahmstorf with his disintegrating WAIS scare tactic, the Dutch government is already preparing to spend billions on a fairytale future sea level rise.
http://members.casema.nl/errenwijlens/co2/fig4metgrav.gif

Hoser
July 16, 2011 4:38 pm

Adaptation is what people have done for over 80,000 years. Mitigation is what governments force us to do.

kadaka (KD Knoebel)
July 16, 2011 4:39 pm

Estimates of sea level rise by 2100 currently differ by almost five meters (16.5 feet)? Is that between Al Gore’s and the high end of everyone else’s estimates?
While Googling about Al’s Inconvenient “20 foot” figure, I found this 2008 piece which highlights how quickly the “overwhelmingly settled scientific consensus” has altered:
Al Gore’s movie ‘An Inconvenient Truth’ says sea levels could rise up to 20 feet. Is this true?
Asks Steve from Florida


Although he doesn’t give a clear time frame for the 20-foot sea level rise, Gore’s statement seems to contradict several recent reports, including one published in 2008, that predict much smaller rises during this century.
Scientists say that the two main causes of rising sea levels are water expanding as it warms, known as thermal expansion, and melting land-based ice, such as ice from Antarctica and Greenland.
In 2007, the International Panel on Climate Change, an organization composed of scientists and policy makers around the world who monitor human-caused climate change, estimated that sea levels would rise 0.18 to 0.6 meters (0.59 to 2.0 feet) over the next 100 years. The IPCC based this prediction primarily on how much the ocean waters are expected to warm and expand.
The panel also factored in the ice melting from Greenland and Antarctica based on how much these bodies have melted in recent years—from 1993 to 2003. But the estimates do not account for any changes in the speed of the weakened ice that flows from the glaciers into the ocean—either from melting ice or iceberg break-off, which may happen in the future. The IPCC acknowledged the limitations of their projections and said that sea level rise could be higher if the ice sheets break down more rapidly.
The IPCC did not include changes in ice flow because these types of changes are not very well understood. However, a study published this year in the journal Science attempts to set an upper limit on sea level rise by 2100.
“We have estimated limits on sea level rise during the next century by considering simple constraints on glacier and ice sheet motion,” says Joel Harper, an author of this study and a glacier expert at the University of Montana in Missoula. “Our work suggests that a 0.8-meter [2.6 feet] sea level rise is plausible, two-meter [6.5 feet] is only possible under extreme conditions, and more than two-meter is unlikely,” he says.
To make their calculations, the researchers took into account the rate of ice flow from Greenland, Antarctica, and glaciers and ice caps from other parts of the world. They took current values of glacial ice-flow speeds and adjusted the values based on changes that they think could reasonably occur in the future, such as accelerated ice flow from certain glaciers. They then used these modified values to come up with low, medium and high estimates of future sea-level rise.
The researchers also determined that Greenland’s glaciers—specifically, the ones with outlets under water—would have to move about 40 times faster than they do now to achieve a rise of two meters over the next 100 years. And this increased ice-flow speed would need to start immediately and continue for the rest of the 21st century.
“Even by assuming vastly accelerated rates of discharge, the glaciers can’t surge fast enough to meet the required sea-level rise targets [of two to five meters] within a hundred years,” says Vivien Gornitz, a geologist at Columbia University, who was not involved in this study.

From the abstract:

We consider glaciological conditions required for large sea-level rise to occur by 2100 and conclude that increases in excess of 2 meters are physically untenable. We find that a total sea-level rise of about 2 meters by 2100 could occur under physically possible glaciological conditions but only if all variables are quickly accelerated to extremely high limits. More plausible but still accelerated conditions lead to total sea-level rise by 2100 of about 0.8 meter.

Gore’s docudrama: 20 ft “in the near future”
IPCC 2007: 0.18 to 0.6 meters (0.59 to 2.0 feet) over the next 100 years.
2008 paper: 0.8 meter by 2100 plausible, >2m “physically untenable.”
Now, in the Spiegel Online piece:

NASA climate researcher James Hansen, for example, warns in a paper published this month that sea levels could rise by five meters in the next 90 years — nine times higher than the maximum cited in the last IPCC report. He insists that he has found indications that sea levels in the future could rise by as much as five centimeters per year.
Hansen, say some climatologists, is risking his reputation with such an extreme forecast. Three years ago, researchers found that a rise of over two meters per century is impossible because so much ice simply can’t melt in such a short time. Furthermore, current measurements show a rise of just three millimeters per year.

The surprising part? Hansen still has a reputation to risk.

An additional recent study, written by Jim Houston from the Engineer Research Center in Vicksburg, Mississippi and Bob Dean from the University of Florida in Gainsville for the Journal of Coastal Research, argues that sea levels have risen steadily for the last 100 years — and that there has been no acceleration at all in recent years.
A reply was not long in coming. In the current issue of the Journal of Coastal Research, Stefan Rahmstorf, from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research argues that Houston and Dean only included sea level calculations beginning in the 1930s. He says that if one chooses a year from the previous century, an accelerated rise can be seen.

Got that? It’s a problem to look at the period with the great “unprecedented” CO2 and temperature rises, you must start from when CO2 and temperatures (and the amount of purported “CO2 greenhouse effect”) were lower to see an accelerated rise now. Gee, does it have to be a year from the 1800’s? Don’t we have the proxy data to start from the beginning of this interglacial? Wouldn’t that show a spectacular current accelerated rise in sea level?
In 2008 the science said: At worst it’ll be less than a meter by 2100, Greenland and Antarctica can’t melt fast enough to contribute to anything more.
Not alarming enough. Research funding and schemes for UN-led Global “Carbon-based Unit” Control are at risk. Therefore…
Now Climate Science™ says: Could be five meters by 2100!
Resistance is futile! You will allow your economic distinctivenesses to be eliminated and you shall be assimilated into the Collective! The alternative is Extinction!

paulo
July 16, 2011 5:28 pm

Why don’t those 146 million people just MOVE then?
With, say, 10 decades to do it, they could, for example, move (on average) 20 meters a year to remain dry. That’s only 5.5 cms a day.
I could manage that.

tango
July 16, 2011 5:31 pm

in 100 years from now they will still be down by the sea side debating is it 1mm or 2mm rise

Howling Winds
July 16, 2011 5:32 pm

rbateman says:
July 16, 2011 at 1:54 pm
Does anyone know of a plan-of-action should sea levels drop precipitously?
The most obvious question to me would be who owns all that new property now? Does the person who owns a beach front lot suddenly become the owner of the dry land in front of his home that was once part of the ocean?