Sea Ice News #21

This week was a true roller coaster ride with Arctic Sea Ice. It is best summed up by looking at the JAXA graph for extent, shown below:

click to enlarge

Below, see the area of interest magnified.

I’ve added the 5 million square kilometer line for reference.

The roller coaster ride actually looked for a day like it might cross the 2009 line, but soon turned down again, ending this week at 5,142,813. Here’s the recent JAXA data

08,28,2010,5342656

08,29,2010,5352500

08,30,2010,5348281

08,31,2010,5329375

09,01,2010,5332344

09,02,2010,5304219

09,03,2010,5245625

09,04,2010,5192188

09,05,2010,5142813

Source: http://www.ijis.iarc.uaf.edu/seaice/extent/plot.csv

JAXA sea ice area has dropped to 2008 levels:

JAXA AMSR-E Sea Ice Area – click to enlarge

Sea ice concentration from JAXA:

While JAXA shows extent now lower than 2009, DMI and NANSEN plots show it to be about even. The differences in observing sensor/platform AMSRE -vs-SSMI  and methodologies at agencies are in play.

Above: Danish Meteorological Institute Arctic Sea Ice Extent – 30% or greater. Note that while this graph shows 30% concentration at the cutoff point, it is valuable to compare.

ssmi1-ice-ext

Above: NANSEN Artic ROOS- Sea ice extent 15% or greater – click for larger image

The differences appear to be in the low end of concentration, the 15% to 30% range. It suggests that the brief gains we saw may be wind related, blowing floating ice around, compacting it when winds are strong versus allowing expansion when winds are weak.

Temperature, after holding near freezing, now appears headed sharply downward.

Above: Danish Meteorological Institute – Mean Temperature above 80°N

Some light refreezing may take place before the end of September, which could minimize the ability of wind to sharply change extent like we saw recently.

With all these variables in play, choosing a winner will be as much a game of luck as of skill. Based on what we’ve seen, it seems probable that it will come from the middle of the pack between 2008 and 2009.

From SEARCH:

The estimates from the scientific community range from 4.0 to 5.6 million square kilometers, with 8 of the contributors suggesting a September minimum below 5.0 million square kilometers, 3 contributors suggesting a minimum of 5.0 million square kilometers, and 5 contributors suggesting a September minimum above 5.0 million square kilometers. Two contributors forecast a September minimum below that of 2007 at 4.0 million square kilometers and 3 contributors suggest a return to the long term downward linear trend for September sea ice loss (5.5 to 5.6 million square kilometers). None of the contributors indicate a return to the climatological sea ice extent of 6.7 million square kilometers.

Including all 18 contributions gives a September ice extent minimum of 4.8 +/- 0.77 million square kilometers, with a range of 2.5 to 5.6 million square kilometers.

Individual responses were based on a range of methods: statistical, numerical models, comparison with previous observations and rates of ice loss, or composites of several approaches.

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Alexej Buergin
September 7, 2010 8:15 am

” jason says:
September 7, 2010 at 1:09 am
sdteve goddard chosen to Take a step away now?
Right at the crescendo lf the subject he has been at the centre
Of for months he suddenly disappears?
Am I alone in thinking its odd?”
Excellent timing by Goddard; this might be the moment when a lot of ice followers deceide to see what his new blog is all about:
http://stevengoddard.wordpress.com/

Djon
September 7, 2010 8:17 am

Phil Nizialek,
“Secondly, I still would like to know what our AGW believer colleagues propose to do about the trend (if it is primarily anthropogenic). When you answer, beware the law of unintended consequences, my friends.”
I suggest you read Al Gore’s “Our Choice” and James Hansen’s “Storms of my Grandchildren” and perhaps a few other books or, if you prefer, blogs if you really want to know what people who consider AGW a serious problem think ought to be done. If you’re too lazy to do some reading of easily available written materials in order to satisfy your desire, I fail to see how any of us here creating yet more detailed written material here in response to your question is going to help you.

AJB
September 7, 2010 8:18 am

Confirmed JAXA 15% extent for Sept 6th: 5093281. Updated charts …
15-day: http://img231.imageshack.us/img231/9161/15day20100906.png
7-day: http://img715.imageshack.us/img715/3149/7day20100906.png
Hmm, DMI seems to have dropped another good notch today. Still a 50:50 chance of it threading the needle and freezing up fast I think. The dog with the big tail may be making a comeback. As always, one more point on the chart may change the outlook completely.

September 7, 2010 8:32 am

savethesharks says:
September 7, 2010 at 6:05 am
AndyW says:
September 6, 2010 at 10:18 pm
No, because as a percentage of the total amount of ice in those regions the loss in the Arctic is a lot more than the gain in the Antarctic.
==========================================
For measurements that have only been taken for 31 years, and using accounts that go back to the 1800s of a clear NW Passage,

Really, care to give us some citations of the ‘clear NW Passage’?
submarines popping through to the North Pole in the 50′s [they definitely can’t do that now]
They certainly can, the ice there is very thin and the ice surrounding the Pole looks like Swiss cheese on Modis, there’s open water all over the place!
….your definition of “loss” is at best, a guess.
Far from a guess, here’s map of the Arctic ( Ice minimum in 1939) for your education.
http://www.science20.com/files/images/arctic_1939_0.jpg
(courtesy of Patrick Lockerby)

AJB
September 7, 2010 8:42 am

Pascvaks says:
September 7, 2010 at 7:26 am
Too late, pots of gold already claimed … 256KB PDF. I’ll leave you to follow the money trail.

EFS_Junior
September 7, 2010 8:51 am

In reverse chronological order, here are my weekly (p = 0.5 or 50% or even money chance of occurence) Monday estimates (JAXA 2003-2010 inclusive) for Arctic sea ice extent (date, extent (km^2), standard deviation (km^2));
9/6/2010,4.869E06,0.054E6
8/30/2010,4.916E6,0.091E6
8/23/2010,4.898E6,0.152E6
8/16/2010,4.835E6.0.215E6
8/9/2010,4.812E6,0.267E6
8/2/2010,4.681E6,0.332E6
7/26/2010,4.587E6.0.360E6
7/19/2010,4.493E6,0.418E6
7/12/2010,4.271E5,0.476E6
7/5/2010,3.973E6,0.534E6
6/21/2010,3.886E6,0.646E6
6/28/2010,4.048E6,0.711E6
6/14/2010,4.057E6,0.716E6 (Time zero ~ midpoint of melt season or ~ three months before expected minimum)
Quite consistent over the past month or so, but no guarantee of the final minimum, by any means.
Date of minima is the same for all estimates 9/19/2010.
The following sequence is for p = 0.5 or 50% or even money chance of occurence.
-28,233 (9/7)
-26,948
-26,079
-25,332
-23,629
-21,179
-18,584
-15,953
-13,632
-10,977
-8,045
-4,650
-1,436 (9/19)
Final extent = 4,868,605 km^2
Updating (NSIDC for the 6th) the ensemble slope of Bremen (8/26-9/7), JAXA (8/25-9/6), and NSIDC (8/25-9/6), the ensemble slope is -0.33K/Day (R^2 = 0.89).
For each individual dataset;
Bremen slope is -23K/Day (R^2 = 0.92)
JAXA slope is -30K/Day (R^2 = 0.92)
NSIDC slope is -45K/Day (R^2 = 0.99).
The following sequence is of very low probability (< 1% at this time) but is consistent with the current ensemble slope;
-31,884 (9/7)
-31,461
-31,122
-30,027
-28,942
-28,368
-28,217
-28,352
-27,997
-26,611
-24,011
-21,372
-18,188
-14,019
-9,086
-4,574
-1,237 (9/23)
Final extent = 4,707,812 km^2

PeterB in Indianapolis
September 7, 2010 9:02 am

“Yes the sea ice will return every winter even after there is none in summer. However the impact of a summer absorbing sunlight instead of reflecting it, on the warming of this planet, will return many millions of us to dust much, much sooner than would normally be the case.”
I think you missed the part where 2007 was the minimum (and was still far from ice-free) and 2008, 2009, and 2010 are all well above the minimum experienced in 2007.
Show us some EVIDENCE that there will be ice-free summers. Until then, you are just fear-mongering, which has no place in science, sorry.

PeterB in Indianapolis
September 7, 2010 9:19 am

R. Gates,
You believe that within the lifetimes of most people posting here, we will see an ice-free arctic! Good! You made the right choice when you used the word “believe”. AGW religion requires faith and belief. Keep the faith man! Keep the faith!

jakers
September 7, 2010 9:19 am

Boy, Gates, Anu, Neil, etc. sure seemed to have raised the ire of the regular readership, who apparently want an echo chamber site. The tone seems even worse than the the SG Arctic News postings.

Bruce Cobb
September 7, 2010 9:23 am

NeilT says:
September 7, 2010 at 4:03 am
In order to resolve large issues you have to fixe the core underlying problems.
Exactly. And the core underlying problems are rooted in government-funded Post-Normal “Science”, one result of which was the biofuels and ethanol scam.
Biofuels are targetting the issues not the problem.
What they are targeting is peoples pocketbooks.

rbateman
September 7, 2010 9:53 am

AJB says:
September 7, 2010 at 8:42 am
That DST report to Congress was the highlight of the Energy Bill of that year. That’s all anyone could come up with, empty heads being in overwhelming preponderance.
I did my own analysis: http://www.robertb.darkhorizons.org/TempGr/Dst2009_2010.GIF
DST giveth, PST taketh away in a one-day wonder. Commuters have sun in their eyes morning/evening twice a year. Traffic accidents go up as biorhythms are thrown for a loop the next 2 weeks. A most costly and stupid idea carried about for decades like a rag doll, but what do you expect from emptyheads?

September 7, 2010 10:09 am

PeterB in Indianapolis says:
September 7, 2010 at 9:02 am
Show us some EVIDENCE that there will be ice-free summers. Until then, you are just fear-mongering, which has no place in science, sorry.

I see no reason to think that Maslowski’s analysis is wrong, in fact this year’s melt supports it, so summer 2013 looks rather interesting.

Rod Everson
September 7, 2010 10:14 am

To Charles Wilson:
I agree with another poster’s suggestion that you work on your formatting, and have said so before (and I’m trying to be polite in suggesting this, not sarcastic.) Your posts are just hard to read. In addition, you tend toward burying your main point in tons of extraneous commentary, thereby risking that we either miss it entirely or miss the importance you ascribe to it.
So, having dug through your last post looking for what I perceive to be your main point: What is the mechanism that would create the 300 mph wind that would have wiped us all out had the arctic ice completely melted this year?
Rod

AJB
September 7, 2010 10:27 am

rbateman says:
September 7, 2010 at 9:53 am
Hi Robert. Here in the UK we have the same arguments bandied about every decade or so and numerous stats are produced one way or t’other. In the end I doubt it makes much difference, except perhaps for road traffic accidents around the switchover as you say. What struck me about this report is that the words ‘climate change’ and ‘global warming’ don’t appear once, which is at least encouraging even if it is a rag doll 🙂

Anu
September 7, 2010 10:37 am

rbateman says:
September 6, 2010 at 2:55 pm
There is no need to the drag the world’s oceans into the Arctic when the Air Temp above 80N is proof aplenty.
It fell, and it fell during the ‘melt season’.
So much for an overheated atmosphere due to Global Warming.
Besides, the La Nina forming in the Pacific is mighty strong and quite cool, having shoved and crammed the remaining warm water up North, where winter will gladly pounce all over it.
But then, we are talking ocean anomalies, not absolute empirical data.
Empirical Rules.
80N DMI is empirical data.

Apparently you don’t realize DMI 80° N is from a model, and a not very good one:

http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/06/23/sea-ice-news-10/#comment-416008
Julienne says:
June 23, 2010 at 11:26 pm
I know folks here keep pointing to the DMI web site to say that temperatures north of 80N are not as warm as climatology, but note the DMI site uses a model as well, and they are using different models to compute the entire time-series (and hence the climatology) which may not be correct. There have been papers that have shown a bias in the ERA40 air temperatures past 2002. Really, if you want to do this assessment of Arctic temperatures you should use a consistent reanalysis data set. If you want to stick with ERA40 then the ERA40 Interim should be used instead since they fixed the problems with the ERA40 data set that the DMI site is using.

Also look at the DMI site itself:

http://ocean.dmi.dk/arctic/meant80n.uk.php
Calculation of the Arctic Mean Temperature
The daily mean temperature of the Arctic area north of the 80th northern parallel is estimated from the average of the 00z and 12z analysis for all model grid points inside that area. The ERA40 reanalysis data set from ECMWF, has been applied to calculate daily mean temperatures for the period from 1958 to 2002, from 2002 to 2006 data from the global NWP model T511 is used and from 2006 to present the T799 model data are used.

There’s plenty of open water above 80° N:
http://img191.imageshack.us/img191/1166/arctic20100907waterabov.png
But most of the summer melt is outside the 80° N circle.
I don’t know what you think some Danish plot of model data “proves”…

Anu
September 7, 2010 10:53 am

Gary Pearse says:
September 6, 2010 at 2:43 pm
My points were a Feb 2010 prediction of 57skm is not so bad given how far off some were in August 2010

Yes, I think Anthony Watts will be proven more accurate than Charles Wilson, when this summer melt season ends.
Well played.
hey in this business these predictions were better than those who are paid to make such predictions.
Those SEARCH predictions are just a friendly competition between scientists (and sometimes undergrads and grad students) – it is not considered their “day job”. It’s like pro baseball managers giving their opinion on who will win the World Series – they are definitely knowledgeable about the teams, but they are not “paid” to predict the Winner.
Re your descending ice extent at steeper than linear trends, tomorrow or the next day the line will bend up again – this is September. A lot of the trouble with the thinking on both sides of the debate (but more on the AGW side) is this simplistic notion of linear trends in a cyclic world.
Did you look at the plot ?
http://tamino.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/pred2010.jpg
The data points are for September minimum sea ice extent – for 31, and soon to be 32, years. The decline is not linear, it is accelerating. The final September value might be slightly higher than that red dot in the plot – causing a slight refit of the quadratic, but the decline is still accelerating compared to the 80’s, 90’s and 00’s.
Watch the curve level off and curve up again as it even did in 2007 around this time.
You’re thinking of a different curve:
http://www.ijis.iarc.uaf.edu/seaice/extent/AMSRE_Sea_Ice_Extent_L.png

Anu
September 7, 2010 11:02 am

rbateman says:
September 6, 2010 at 3:02 pm
Anu says:
September 6, 2010 at 2:06 pm
Now, the Death Spiral is still on – 2010 sea ice is at 5,136,094 km2 and still falling.
So what if the 2010 Arctic sea ice is at 5,136,094 km2 ? The Arctic is not going to be ice-free this year.

Now it’s at 5,093,281 km2.
Agreed, it won’t be ice free this year.
The Death Spiral was a transitory trend backed by fire & brimstone proclamations that didn’t happen, and it was never Global.
No, the Arctic Death Spiral is still occurring (and it is for the Arctic, as the name suggests). Yes, it did not happen yet, thanks for noticing:
http://tamino.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/pred2010.jpg
When the Cryosat-2 data comes in, we will see just how accurate the PIOMAS model of Arctic ice thickness is this summer:
http://psc.apl.washington.edu/ArcticSeaiceVolume/images/BPIOMASIceVolumeAnomalyCurrent.png
Maybe we’ll have to 2025, not 2018. Yay.
This isn’t a Hollywood Sci-Fi flick where the script is a foregone conclusion.
If it was a Hollywood movie, we would all be saved by construction worker, divorced father, and ex-navy seal Jag Laugerman:
http://www.scorchermovie.com/
You’re right, that’s not gonna happen.

R. Gates
September 7, 2010 12:05 pm

Phil Nizialek says:
September 7, 2010 at 6:18 am
It seems to me that all us sceptics are just going to have to sit back and eat some crow for a year (at least) on the Arctic Sea ice extent. There’s no denying at this point that 2010 will fisinsih below 2009, and given current trends (always subject to change) probably below 2008. The gloaters are pouring forth their sarcasm, and so it goes in these debates.
I still have a couple of questions though. First is why a 30 year trend of ice loss on one half of the globe is considered gospel, and never subject to reversal. If there’s one thing all of us should recognize, climate seems to rarely if ever continue trends indefinitely. Many non anthropogenic factors could act to reverse this trend, and soon. We have to follow the trend for a lot longer than 30 years, which seems to me at least an impossibly tiny amount of time in the context of something as hopelessly complex as earth’s climate.
Secondly, I still would like to know what our AGW believer colleagues propose to do about the trend (if it is primarily anthropogenic). When you answer, beware the law of unintended consequences, my friends.
___________
First, though I am a “warmist” in the sense that I believe it is more likely than not that AGW is happening, I have no intention of making any AGW skeptic eat any crow…unless of course, they want to launch ad hominem attacks my way, then I may change my mind.
My interest is, and always has been, one of looking for the truth. This is the main reason that I maintain a 75/25 warmist/skeptic split in my mind when it comes to AGW. Yes, I beleive it is likely happening, and if I had to place a bet, I would put my money on the line that it is happen, and furthermore, that we can see it most readily in the changes we are seeing in the Arctic. However, I am always on the look out for other alternative possibilities and influences, and certainly don’t completely discount the notion that a longer term cycle in the PDO, AMO, solar cycle, etc. could also be at work in adding to or even completely causing much of what is taken as AGW…but my belief right now is that these other influences are less likely than AGW.
What to do about the loss of Arctic Sea ice? (if indeed it is from AGW). I’ve not gone there yet. Depsite the ad hominems on me, lumping me into the “catastrophic” category of AGW believers, I’m not there yet, I’ve never taken the next step and said what the consequences will be from an ice free summer Arctic, or what we ought to do about it. Some species may benefit and some will likely not be so fortunate. One thing I a definitely opposed to at this point is any sort of geoengineering to try to “fix” the issue. Just from a purely scientific perspective, if humans are causing the climate to change, then geoengineering efforts will likely only make the matter worse, as we would be introducing one more factor into the mix in a system on the edge of chaos that would already be out of balance. If humans are causing AGW and climate change, then probably the best solution is to create societies in which we all consume much less and consumption is not the basis of our economies. Of course, we can all practice this on our own, as I do, and I know others here (including Anthony) already do as well to one degree or another.

kenboldt
September 7, 2010 12:24 pm

David Gould says:
September 6, 2010 at 10:37 pm
savethesharks,
CO2 is at around 400 ppm at present.
If – for instance – the level of arsenic in your body was at 400 ppm, you would be, well, in a lot of trouble to say the least.
Trace elements can have very large effects, so by itself the argument that CO2 is a trace gas is irrelevant.

That is a horrible analogy. Back when CO2 concentrations were at say 280ppm before the industrial revolution it was not an issue. The same could not be said for having 280ppm of arsenic in your body. Additionally, adding CO2 to the atmosphere has a declining increase in “greenhouse effect” as there is exponentially less radiation to be reflected, or trapped, or whatever term you choose. Adding more arsenic to your body, at an increasing rate will kill you sooner as suffer organ failure at a quicker rate.
A more appropriate analogy would be to say that loss of a baby toe (call it a trace toe) might have an adverse effect on your ability to walk, but it may not as your body will likely adapt. Lose the other baby toe and your ability to walk might be further impaired, but again, your body will likely adapt with time and since you have lost one in the past you can probably deal with it more easily. But then, that’s all the baby toes you have to lose, so that’s as bad as it is going to get in terms of loss of baby toes impairing your ability to walk. You could make little plasticine toes, put them on and cut them off again, but it won’t affect your ability to walk anymore as you have already hit the maximum baby toe loss impairment level. Note that losing other toes is different to losing baby toes in this analogy.

jakers
September 7, 2010 1:15 pm

All the talk of whose predictions were (or will be) more correct than others is interesting, but, just consider.
What if the high arctic had been at average temps, instead of colder than usual?
What if it had been a sunny year in the arctic, instead of unusually cloudy?
What if the winds were favorable for ice export, instead of not?
And still, look where it’s ending up.

September 7, 2010 1:51 pm

kenboldt says:
September 7, 2010 at 12:24 pm
David Gould says:
September 6, 2010 at 10:37 pm
“Trace elements can have very large effects, so by itself the argument that CO2 is a trace gas is irrelevant.”
That is a horrible analogy. Back when CO2 concentrations were at say 280ppm before the industrial revolution it was not an issue.
No the whole problem is referring to CO2 as a trace gas. That’s a true description if you’re referring to volume fraction, however if you’re talking about the absorption of light by the atmosphere CO2 is the major component.
In that context N2 & Ar are zero contributors, O2 a trace gas, O3 a major component and CO2 the major component and water a major but variable contributor (remember we’re considering the whole atmosphere).

Phil Nizialek
September 7, 2010 2:03 pm

Djon says:
I suggest you read Al Gore’s “Our Choice” and James Hansen’s “Storms of my Grandchildren” and perhaps a few other books or, if you prefer, blogs if you really want to know what people who consider AGW a serious problem think ought to be done. If you’re too lazy to do some reading of easily available written materials in order to satisfy your desire, I fail to see how any of us here creating yet more detailed written material here in response to your question is going to help you.”
Sorry to offend, Mr. Djon, but I think you missed my point. I’ve read a bit here and there about what Mr Gore, Mr. Hansen and others propose to do about AGW. I guess I could be a bit lazy, not having read it all, and maybe I needed to be more clear that I find most such ‘solutions” to be, at least to me, far worse and unpredictable than the perceived problem. My hope was to generate a conversation on possible solutions, since many here seem to think any further discussion of the nature of the problem is futile.
Mr. R Gates, I certainly never meant to question your motives in presenting your evidence, nor your credentials as a lukewarmist. The bone I have several times tried to pick with you is your reliance for your views on a 30 year trend. I think the trend is too short, for reasons I’ve mentioned in earlier posts, to justify the crisis type predictions many here posit. You believe otherwise, which is fine, except that your statement that “my belief right now is that these other influences are less likely [a cause of the melt] than AGW” is not really a reason that causes me to seriously reevaluate mine.

fishnski
September 7, 2010 2:04 pm

Apparently you don’t realize DMI 80° N is from a model, and a not very good one:
Thats why I use my own Stations which at an ave of 77 north are showing an ave of slightly above 32 degrees…(35 to 39 degrees back on the end of Aug) I will study the temp/melt factor as I continue my education…There seems to be some warm air still flowing into the western side of the Arctic at the present time which Im hoping will die off soon…Long range GFS does show the whole Arctic area in the freeze by the 11th…min on the 12th??

Günther Kirschbaum
September 7, 2010 2:12 pm

That is a horrible analogy.
And cutting off baby toes is what?

jakers
September 7, 2010 2:26 pm

fishnski says:
September 7, 2010 at 2:04 pm
Thats why I use my own Stations which at an ave of 77 north are showing an ave of slightly above 32 degrees…(35 to 39 degrees back on the end of Aug)
How about SST – http://polar.ncep.noaa.gov/sst/ophi/color_anomaly_NPS_ophi0.png

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