Essay by Eric Worrall
Malaria was endemic in Northern Europe and the USA during the Little Ice Age. But most people don’t realise how prevalent Malaria was in previous centuries, because our ancestors called Malaria “Ague“.
Europe’s medical schools to give more training on diseases linked to climate crisis
New climate network will teach trainee doctors more about heatstroke, dengue and malaria and role of global warming in health
Kat Lay Global health correspondent Mon 14 Oct 2024 17.00 AEDT
Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue and malaria will become a bigger part of the curriculum at medical schools across Europe in the face of the climate crisis.
Future doctors will also have more training on how to recognise and treat heatstroke, and be expected to take the climate impact of treatments such as inhalers for asthma into account, medical school leaders said, announcing the formation of the European Network on Climate & Health Education (Enche).
Led by the University of Glasgow, 25 medical schools from countries including the UK, Belgium and France will integrate lessons on climate into their education of more than 10,000 students.
Glasgow University’s Dr Camille Huser,co-chair of the network, said: “The doctors of the future will see a different array of presentations and diseases that they are not seeing now. They need to be aware of that so they can recognise them.”
…
Read more: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2024/oct/14/european-network-climate-health-education-medical-schools-diseases-students-dengue-malaria-heatstroke
The problem with calling diseases like Malaria a “climate change” disease is that Malaria has no problem thriving in cold climates;
Endemic malaria: an ‘indoor’ disease in northern Europe. Historical data analysed
Lena Huldén 1,✉, Larry Huldén 2, Kari Heliövaara 1
- Author information
- Article notes
- Copyright and License information
PMCID: PMC1090613 PMID: 15847704
Background
Endemic northern malaria reached 68°N latitude in Europe during the 19th century, where the summer mean temperature only irregularly exceeded 16°C, the lower limit needed for sporogony of Plasmodium vivax. Because of the available historical material and little use of quinine, Finland was suitable for an analysis of endemic malaria and temperature.
Methods
Annual malaria death frequencies during 1800–1870 extracted from parish records were analysed against long-term temperature records in Finland, Russia and Sweden. Supporting data from 1750–1799 were used in the interpretation of the results. The life cycle and behaviour of the anopheline mosquitoes were interpreted according to the literature.
Results
Malaria frequencies correlated strongly with the mean temperature of June and July of the preceding summer, corresponding to larval development of the vector. Hatching of imagoes peaks in the middle of August, when the temperature most years is too low for the sporogony of Plasmodium. After mating some of the females hibernate in human dwellings. If the female gets gametocytes from infective humans, the development of Plasmodium can only continue indoors, in heated buildings.
Conclusion
Northern malaria existed in a cold climate by means of summer dormancy of hypnozoites in humans and indoor transmission of sporozoites throughout the winter by semiactive hibernating mosquitoes. Variable climatic conditions did not affect this relationship. The epidemics, however, were regulated by the population size of the mosquitoes which, in turn, ultimately was controlled by the temperatures of the preceding summer.
…
Read more: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1090613/
There has been an uptick in Malaria in Europe recently. So if climate change is not the main driver, what is causing the recent uptick in Malaria cases?
From the American society of Microbiology;
The History of Malaria in the United States
Sept. 15, 2023
…
While malaria infection is still prevalent south of the Sahara and in parts of Oceania, such as Papua New Guinea, prior to the 1880s the disease was also endemic in areas that have no longer sustained transmission, including the United States. Recent cases of malaria acquired in Southern U.S. states have raised concerns about future outbreaks, climate change and the possibility of sustained transmission in areas where the disease is no longer considered to be endemic.
…
CDC reports that these locally-acquired cases of malaria are the first in the U.S. in the past 2 decades. Malaria typically resurfaces via imported cases in the U.S. after an individual travels to a malaria endemic region or country. However, locally-acquired malaria cases can occur, as the Anopheles mosquito vectors (which transmit this disease to humans) do exist throughout the U.S. Importantly, with COVID-19 travel restrictions lifted, there is more opportunity for international travel. If an individual becomes infected in an endemic country, then there is a possibility for infected individuals (with or without symptoms) to seed local transmission. For example, in 2003 there were 8 cases of locally-acquired P. vivax malaria identified in Palm Beach County, Fla.
…
Those in the global malarial community are at a perilous tipping point; the progress made prior to COVID-19 has stalled, and the countries hardest hit by the disease are facing multiple fronts of the infectious disease war. Likewise, the ongoing climate changes occurring around the world, which impact the ability of vectors (mosquitoes, ticks, flies, etc.) to expand their geographic range into areas of susceptible populations to malaria and other infectious diseases, continue to create ongoing and new regions for the spread of vector-borne disease.
…
Read more: https://asm.org/articles/2023/september/the-history-of-malaria-in-the-united-states
While the CDC article above does genuflect to climate change, two points are very clear;
- The mosquitoes which carry Malaria are already prevalent throughout the United States, and have been for a long time.
- The main source of Malaria in the United States and presumably other countries like Europe is infected people arriving from Malaria hotspots.
My point is, you don’t need climate change to make Malaria prevalent in a temperate Western country. Mosquitoes which can carry Malaria have no problem thriving in any climate where water is available and Summer temperatures reach at least 16C (61F).
Anyone who thinks mosquitoes can’t thrive in Arctic climates has never visited the Arctic – midges, many of which can carry Malaria, are a horrible nuisance at certain times of the year in high latitudes. Calling Malaria a tropical disease, implying that a tropical climate is required for Malaria to thrive, is a gross distortion of the truth. Teaching doctors that climate change causes Malaria is as absurd as teaching doctors how to use magic to cure a fever.
Shakespeare himself may have died from Malaria. According to Wikipedia, “… Half a century later, John Ward, the vicar of Stratford, wrote in his notebook: “Shakespeare, Drayton, and Ben Jonson had a merry meeting and, it seems, drank too hard, for Shakespeare died of a fever there contracted …“.
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What causes malaria is a population of infected individuals large enough to sustain transmission in proximity to a suitable environment for mosquitoes to breed.
The spread is therefore most likely to be caused by mass immigration from areas where it is prevalent, as after the first Gulf war when malaria returned to Europe.
https://www.who.int/news/item/07-10-2016-kyrgyzstan-receives-who-certification-of-malaria-elimination
Given the argument for migration as a vector, what can’t be ignored is the predicted increase in mosquito populations from reduced freshwater fish habitat with restricted use of insecticides and the elimination of oil fogging of marshland and shallow bodies of standing water.
It’s going full-on bonkers in the UK
Blue Nose Day
Plans to make County Durham students sit in cold classrooms to make a school “more sustainable” for a day have been cancelled following uproar from parents.
Hundreds of students at Wolsingham School in County Durham were set to take part in what was dubbed as ‘Blue Nose Day’ on Friday (October 18) and go a full day in school with no heating. In an email seen by The Northern Echo, students were advised to wear more layers and “extra thick socks” for the full day as temperatures in the town are forecast to hit a low of 12C.
https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/24653960.blue-nose-day-wolsingham-school-cancelled-outrage/
That’s one aspect of so-called education. Make the little darlings shiver to ram home the climate crisis message. Chances are kids’ anxiety levels (mental Elf) will go through the roof.
[Today’s] Doctors are no better than the teachers and it’s a very vocal and active few:
“”Doctors and clinical leaders have called on the BMA to abandon its plan to “publicly critique” Hilary Cass’s review of gender identity services for children and teenagers and to retract its demand to allow puberty blockers to be given to children with gender related distress while this evaluation takes place.””
https://www.bmj.com/content/386/bmj.q1772
A classic case of vibes and feelings over objective, evidence based science.
On a thread yesterday – I think it was the 6 ideologies one – I concluded that what unifies all these crazies is nonsensical Critical theories and visceral leukophobia.
It’s entirely Orwellian: “Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the present controls the past.”
History and facts are the obvious first casualties.
The BMA should be recognised for what it is – a rabid trade union.
It’s their goal of destruction of the West, nothing else.
Chances are kids’ anxiety levels (mental Elf) will go through the roof.
I don’t know, might turn them off from the propaganda. Loss of personal comfort can be a strong motivator, especially with kids.
So.. making the students FREEZE, to make them aware of global WARMING.
How is that meant to work ?????
But will they turn off the power-hungry heating and air conditioning in the classrooms, offices and laboratories? Maybe throw up a few windmills and solar arrays. Open the windows.
Well, it is likely true that when 2 miles deep glaciers covered most of northern North America, Europe, and Asia, there were fewer anopheles mosquitos, so in that sense climate change can serve to increase their numbers and range as those glaciers melted. But then, pick your poison – millions of square miles of uninhabitable ice sheet vs life with mosquitos.
Thanks for the very informative short essay, Eric. I knew malaria was an issue here in the SE US from time to time, but didn’t realize how widespread it can be. I guess I’ll get a bigger bug zapper for the back deck.
When I was a kid in the 70s, they used to come through the suburban neighborhoods with a truck towing a trailer that sprayed insecticide. Don’t know if that was for mosquitos or certain destructive moths.
I wonder how much the spread of malaria has been encouraged by the demonization of hydroxychloroquine? Transmission is almost always from an active case, not a dormant one.
However, it is more likely that Shakespeare died from a case of influenza. The sudden onset of acute symptoms is more typical of that disease. (“Ague” is a description of symptoms, fever and shivering, not any specific disease.)
“fever and shivering”
Had that real bad when I got Lyme Disease in 2012. Extremely unpleasant.
Eric, is this intentional?
The article you linked describes it extremely clearly how climate change is getting to be the main driver. However you try to obfuscate this. It may be that nowadays travel related cases are the majority. What we can see is that the near future will be much worse.
The study you cite contradicts you. There are very specific conditions for an outbreak in northern climates, and climate change directly changes these. Ie. the increase in summer temperatures directly affect the population size of the vector, a precondition for an outbreak. Furthermore, if the mid August temperature exceeds 16C, which is more and more likely, Malaria won’t need indoor transmission that year. The picture is actually dark here.
Bring back DDT
@strativarius — It’s my belief that the use of DDT to control mosquito borne disease is not now and never has been banned. In fact, the WHO apparently recommends spraying DDT indoors in areas where mosquito borne illness is a problem. What’s banned is the use of DDT for general agricultural insect control.
And the stuff really does seem to be bad for some top level predators.
I remember trucks would drive through neighborhoods emitting a fog of toxins to kill mosquitos- probably DDT, though I’m not of that.
DDVP aka Vapona is still available. I have a gallon jug my dad bought
back in the ’60’s. He used it in a hot fogger on fishing trips in Canada
and later on his farm around the pens and barns. The hot fogger isn’t
labeled for indoor barn use anymore. I used to spray a 1% solution in the pens
and a 2% in the barns on the walls in the horse stalls. It’s the “Fist of God”
for fly & mosquito control. I got a case of West Nile a few years ago after
a large flock of invasive ECD showed up. Thought I was going to die. Nasty
stuff for older folk 50yr old and under don’t even know they have it..
I use a lot of mosquito spray in late summer now.
“There are three Anopheles mosquito species found in Finland. All are believed to have been present in Finland since prehistory. It had been thought summer temperatures of 16 C (60.8 F) were required to maintain endemic malaria, but malaria has been recorded areas in of northern Sweden and Finland that don’t reach 16C in the summer.”
https://contagions.wordpress.com/2012/01/02/malaria-near-the-arctic-circle/
Anopheles have never driven SUV’s. I checked.
Their legs aren’t long enough.
Exactly, just as in the article Eric linked. Malaria transmission happened indoors. Nowadays global warming makes this all worse, there’s a very good chance that the “16C barrier” goes far to the North (due to Arctic amplification, even a small global change has a big consequence there).
ddt
Makes it all worse.
Too many vectors and causes to reduce it to a single claim of global warming.
I can see your confusion. I try to help. So those many vectors and causes will be dramatically helped by warming in the future. This is the assertion.
Unproven that all of the vectors and causes will be worsened by warming.
Well, science says otherwise.
I see. So the cold temperatures of Shakespeare’s times were related to an increase in summer temperatures?
No.
The malaria life cycle used to be taught in basic biology for a number of reasons including the exceptional life cycle which makes it difficult to control. Our son contracted it in Central America by failing to take his shot, and the US doctor did not diagnose it. He sent me a blood sample photo and it was clearly malaria which I had learned about both in basic biology and parasitology. My major mentor was a parasitologist, an area too much overlooked now but important for understanding ecology.
In 1640 “…a countess returning to Europe from Peru brought with her some bark from a cinchona tree, an infusion of which had been used by the native Indians to cure an attack of malaria…” (Chandler, several editions back to 1930, Introduction to Parasitology). The bark contains alkaloids, including quinine, that acted against malaria. We have become spoiled due to medical advances, but malaria has long been a problem. Parasites are as widespread as the easier to see predators and have interesting life cycles including some which we still don’t adequately understand. Sly critters they be with malaria much more complicated than just with temperature.Travel is not new, neither warming but not sure about “tipping points.”.
So, genius, why isn’t the Arctic tundra in Canada, Alaska, Russia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden experiencing an increase of malaria? The hordes of mosquitoes that hatch each year in millions of meltwater ponds make summer miserable. Same with Minnesota, the Land of Ten Thousand Lakes, where the mosquito is referred to as the state bird.
The mosquitoes aren’t the cause of malaria. They just carry the plasmodium protozoa from host to host: humans, monkeys, etc. If those hosts travel to a place with widespread malaria and get infected, they bring it back with them. If they get bitten by a mosquito, and that mosquito bites someone else, they will spread malaria. You need a critical mass of all three: mosquitoes, plasmodium, and hosts. Global warming has nothing to do with the spread of malaria, but poverty and poor living conditions do.
So, dumbaxx, what is in the fokkin article Eric has cited? And what is in the other fokkin article Eric has cited? The answer is there. But I help you seeing your confusion, this is from wikipedia:
The more illegal immigrants- the more diseases- which is why the American Immigration Services used to examine all immigrants. And if they found anyone sick- they were often put back on the boat to where they came from.
A disease which thrived up to 68 degrees north during the Little Ice Age doesn’t need global warming to make it worse, it already has almost everywhere humans inhabit covered.
Thrived? Not, according to the article you cited.
Perhaps. But global warming will make it worse.
“But global warming will make it worse.”
NO, that is a piece of scientifically unsupportable garbage.. !
There are a fair number of articles concerning malaria and climate change on this site.
https://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/09/13/smacking-down-malaria-misconceptions/
Here is one from 14 years ago. Many discuss DDT usage to protect against it. Malaria is on mountains, in Siberia, will be brought back into the US. Nothing todo with climate change.
Well, the two papers cited by Eric say otherwise.
I don’t give a darn about the 2 papers; the reality is that Malaria is transmitted almost everywhere and have been for many centuries.
You have been fighting against this reality for years now because you are so programmed to make GW propaganda as the cause for everything thus be wrong all the time.
It is in Siberia and Alaska places where humans live have it.
Let’s throw away science! Let’s make up things! It’s fun!
You just know this, right? This must be epigenetic memory. Or from Facebook. Or any combination thereof.
Yes, I’m programmed by subliminal messaging hidden in scientific papers.
This is a good indication of the comprehension levels of you deniers. No one has disputed this. Science claims global warming will make this worse and Malaria will appear in territories very suddenly where it was eradicated long-long ago.
A 1 C temperature change is causing this to be worse? Talk about making up things.
I know it is hard to understand these things. It looks so small etc. But a 1 C temperature change in the global average is pretty big in terms of the extremes (heat wave etc.). And anyway, what if there’s a threshold that is crossed by a small change? Furthermore, a 1 C temperature change is like 3 C in the North (Arctic amplification), so the situation is even worse.
“And anyway, what if there’s a threshold that is crossed by a small change?”
There’s no evidence that such a thing has ever been true.
Actually, there is, eg. glacial outbursts after the last Ice Age are similar. Furthermore, this “threshold crossing” behavior is a great part of why climate is considered chaotic, the thing you deniers are constantly cry about when you think it will help you. “Threshold crossing” is a bifurcation.
But even if we know for sure that it has not ever been true, science can predict things that we haven’t ever witnessed.
you really start writing bollox!
You clearly don’t live anywhere near 60N and just fantasize the rest
You deniers never fail to fail 🙂 An entertaining clown show. So, for that matter, I have spent quite a time at 60N (actually, it was Stockholm, 59.3N). So I’m supposedly qualified speaking about this, right? 🙂 Anyway, do you honestly think I should live there to know this? Let’s pretend you live there (I doubt). How representative is your knowledge about your neighbors health? How much do you know about the Malaria situation in your immediate vicinity?
Bull. History proves otherwise. You are fabricating nonsense.
LOL, you are ignoring a LOT of history of Malaria which has been all over the world the intuits have it so does other Eskimo of the far north.
‘Then the shaking begins’: When malaria was a fact of life in Ontario
LINK
Your stupidity and ignorance strike again.
The “intuits” are Eskimo, and no, they don’t have it.
You deniers have a great talent for own goals. First of all, this is about a part of Ontario which is practically the southernmost part of Canada. But the funniest thing is this (from your linked article):
Malaria is already all over the place which I and others have pointed out repeatedly.
Malaria can be eradicated but people like YOU who keeps wasting efforts to combat a nonexistent problem makes that worthwhile endeavor difficult by spending money on mitigating something that isn’t there.
If they had spent the money on eradicating Malaria wholeheartedly starting 30 years ago using all those billions that has been wasted on global warming scams it would be eradicated by now.
It is ecoloonies like YOU who keeps chasing Climate change scams while the rest of the sane people wants solutions to real problems out there.
That is why you are perceived as being dumb and ignorant a lot.
Well, no. It was eradicated by the middle of the 20th century in the developed world.
Actually, we can spend that money now. How about that? Are you gonna advocate for this? 🙂 I’m pretty sure this money would be comparably small.
Money “wasted” on global warming is dwarfed by money actually spent on the fossils industry. Annual global investment is around USD 1T in fossils.
Well, I chase nuclear power. Is that a climate scam? BTW I noticed that you talk about “ecoloonies and the rest of the sane people”. So ecoloonies are part of the sane people? Or are they the sane people?
🙂 Seeing your angry rant I think I caught you.
Your stupidity is off the charts now, not once have I disputed the increase in malarial spread, what others and I keeps pointing out is that it is spread by the HOST not the mosquitoes who are the CARRIERS thus Malaria is once again showing up in once formerly eradicated areas because of the stupid unchecked illegals (HOST) invasion over the southern border of America bringing in the Malaria via the blood of the host.
It was once eradicated because they used to spend the money disrupting the cycle which was quite significant back in the 1950’s to the 1980’s.
For that matter, at least in this thread, you didn’t point this out. You were getting more and more unhinged. But now you spelled it out. I have some bad news for you. Infected hosts showing up is nothing new. There are some other conditions that are becoming ripe for big outbreaks, though, and I have to refer you to the relevant scientific research in this topic, see above, Eric linked some papers.
Never engage in a battle of wits with the unarmed. They never know they have lost.
I see you’re out of any argument again 😉
“Often forgotten is that malaria is widely believed to have been formerly endemic to the UK. The last outbreak involving locally acquired cases occurred between 1917 and 1921.” From https://bjgp.org/content/70/693/182
”Five species of anopheline mosquitoes (the only species capable of transmitting human malaria) are indigenous to the UK, of which only Anopheles atroparvus breeds in sufficient numbers and in close enough association with humans to act as an efficient vector for malaria.20 The distribution of ague reflected the distribution of this species which prefers to breed in brackish water along river estuaries. For centuries ague was endemic in the Fens, the marshes of the Thames estuary and southeast Kent, low lying country in Somerset, and the Ribble district of Lancashire. The Lambeth and Westminster marshes in London were notorious.17 In the 18th and 19th centuries ague extended into Scotland, with occasional transmission as far north as Inverness” from https://academic.oup.com/pmj/article/80/949/663/7036131
Neo-Feudal Story Tip
Transport Committee Chairman Complains Flights Are Too Cheap
Labour’s favourite think tank The Resolution Foundation has hosted a panel event this morning on how to “fairly share the costs of decarbonising transport.” Translation: how to make taxpayers cough up for gratuitous green projects…
Senior Labour MP and recently elected chairman of the Transport Select Committee Ruth Cadbury praised the think tank’s new report on travel, which calls for tax hikes on car travel and a massive expansion of carbon pricing on flights. The former shadow minister managed to blame the aviation sector for her husband getting cheap business class tickets:
God forbid an average family gets cheap flights for a holiday. The Resolution Foundation is clear that “prices will need to rise” on plane travel to “make sure flyers pay their way.” Easy for Labour to say when the entire Cabinet’s jetting around on the taxpayer’s dime…
https://order-order.com/2024/10/17/transport-committee-chairman-complains-flights-are-too-cheap/
“There’s further private sector disincentives and of course if you get paid for your flight by your employer, you personally gain the loyalty points which you can then use for you and your family to go to an nice holiday down the Maldives while it’s still above water.”
Did this daft individual actually say this? Ignorance of the highest order.
She did.
In today’s world, ignorance is a virtue and emotionalisms and virtue signaling are all the rage.
Ruth Cadbury of the Quaker Cardbury fortune family.
https://barrowcadbury.org.uk/news-and-opinion/news/new-mp-ruth-cadbury-stands-down-from-barrow-cadbury-trust-board-of-trustees/
Never worked a proper days work and never needs to.
I am beginning to have trouble distinguishing between WUWT and the Babylon Bee. The true headlines in WUWT are so far out–like this one–and the fake news at the Bee is so close to the truth, they are starting to run together.
What is your point?
I think the point is that reality is getting so bizarre that real real news is starting to be more outlandish than satire.
Reality isn’t getting more bizarre. It’s only being reported more.
Writers of fiction have a saying – “Do not make your story fit the real world. Your readers will not believe it, and will not buy it.”
It is likely a good idea that doctors know about malaria. In fact, I’m surprised it isn’t mentioned in training. Encountering a broken Humerus or Ulna is orders of magnitude greater than encountering a case of malaria. A well-trained doctor should not confuse one with the other. 😏
“The doctors of the future will see a different array of presentations and diseases that they are not seeing now. They need to be aware of that so they can recognise them.”
Of course. Take Covid-19 as a primary example.
Spanish flu in 1918-20.
Asian flu in the late 1950s.
HIV
Doctors always are faced with new challenges. Always have. Always will.
Just strike Climate Change from the rhetoric and let doctors learn to be doctors.
I trust they will also teach about the risks from uncontrolled immigration from non-European countries of reintroducing into Europe diseases which had been pretty much eradicated.
Much of the potential resurgence of malaria in the southeastern United States is due to the cessation of vector control — mosquito spraying — in many areas. This can be laid to the feet of irrational fears concerning the chemicals used to eliminate mosquitoes.
Malaria is defeated by a very simply procedure in the developed world: 1) Spray areas with large human population regularly to reduce the number of mosquitoes in the environment 2) Quarantine any and all malaria victims (where they cannot come int contact with mosquitoes) until no longer capable of infecting the mosquitoes that might bite them.
Humans are the major biological reservoir of the malaria virus. That is why the United States, almost everywhere has endemic Anopheles mosquitoes yet is malaria free.
Nothing about malaria is related to climate — except the fact that malaria is not found in the antarctic
So let me get this straight. We stop spraying for mosquitos at the same time that we let millions of humans from established malaria regions to migrate unregulated across borders.
And then we claim that we are progressing forward and helping the environment?
I moved into my current home about 30 years ago; nearby is a drainage channel/slough (excavated, but has standing water year-round). First 5+/- years there were lots of mosquitos throughout the summer, sometimes swarms.
Mobile home park went in on the 40 acres across the road, inclusive of water features with overflows to the drainage channel. The little fish that were stocked in the mobile home park water features (to keep the mosquitos out) escaped to the drainage channel … when the water is clear, I can see and guess a typical of 100 little fish per linear foot of stream. So, about a quarter million of them when the beaver gets the water up to 4 feet deep at the outfall.
I haven’t had to worry about mosquitos while outdoors for more than 20 years. I like the (likely) Gambusia mosquitofish, even though it is thought of as a bad guy in some areas.
The malaria mosquito story is another BS medical myth. I wrote a book debunking it ‘Malaria is Spread by Mosquitos?’ Also a weekly blog at usmalaria.com.
I had a quick glance at your blog, I don’t think you are selling it. Poverty exacerbates Malaria because rich people have better access to drugs and mosquito free houses.
Poor country spraying programs are also dubious, there were accusations in central America a few years back the government was cutting costs by spraying water instead of spraying insecticide.
I think everyone has a right to express views which contradict mainstream science, but given the weight of historical evidence that controlling mosquitoes reduces Malaria transmission you have a big hill to climb to demonstrate otherwise.
I think anyone who reads this site, which exposes the climate scam, should keep their BS detector active when examining any mainstream medical transmission story.
I am not selling anything. I am just examining the evidence.
I translated Grassi’s ‘Studi di uno zoologo sulla malaria’, written in 1901 and the basis of the mosquito transmission. It is far from convincing – biased pseudo science, but it is the main evidence given by Cox and others for the mosquito transmission model.
Why was it never translated before?
Believe what you like, but poisoning mosquitos does not prevent malaria. But I am sure you can construct a study to report that it does, if that is what the paymaster want.
The way I look at it, poisoning mosquitos, having bats, birds and fish eat mosquitos and fly swatting mosquitos are all a good thing.
If it reduces malaria too, all the better.
No one said prevent.
The negative scores! The malaria mosquito myth so deeply engrained even climate sceptics refuse to question it!
I spoke about it in this week’s blog post.
https://t.co/byLC5DGVQP
We’ll never read that in the MSM. Might be connected to “migrants”.
Government is a disgrace and the education system is a disgrace.
Doctors are under a lot of pressure to seem smart. Probably the population of doctors is smarter than the population of news writers. The news writers had better write carefully.
Government has destroyed our education system. Time for us to take it back.
I think it just more likely that elected officials are very sensitive to the desires of lobbyists and contributors. The major teachers’ organization had a very public goal of changing the US population viewpoint on individualism and thinking for one’s self rather than relying on the group. That eventually went into stealth mode when their publications about it raised public awareness enough for people to start opposing them in the political sphere but their basic goals did not change. “Communism” in the US long predated Marx and Engels.