Major Setback for New York Renewable Energy Goals

According to a recent article from Politico, New York State has decided not to move forward with three major offshore wind-energy projects. This decision came after General Electric Vernova (GE.N) altered the turbine design, which the state said “materially altered” the original plans.

NYSERDA, the state authority in charge of the deals, announced Friday that no final agreements could be reached with the three projects that received provisional awards in October 2023. Those bids were all linked to major supply chain investments by General Electric and a larger turbine it planned to build that was aimed at boosting the region’s renewable energy portfolio.

“Subsequent to the provisional award announcement, material modifications to projects bid into New York’s third offshore wind solicitation caused technical and commercial complexities between provisional awardees and their partners, resulting in the provisionally awarded parties’ inability to come to terms,” NYSERDA wrote in an announcement.

https://www.politico.com/news/2024/04/19/new-york-offshore-wind-canceled-00153319

This development is a significant setback for New York’s renewable energy goals, as the state aims to achieve 70 percent renewable energy by 2030. The projects were provisionally awarded in October 2023 but failed to reach final contract agreements due to “technical and commercial complexities” that arose after GE Vernova’s change in turbine design.

In February, POLITICO’s E&E News reported that GE didn’t plan to move forward with an 18 megawatt turbine. NYSERDA confirmed that was the main reason no final awards were made. A smaller turbine means a project would need more individual turbine locations to deliver the same power — and the costs would have been higher.

NYSERDA had also tentatively awarded $300 million to GE Vernova and LM Wind Power for investments in nacelle and blade manufacturing at new facilities along the Hudson River near Albany. That money will be made available through a new competitive solicitation, according to the authority.

https://www.politico.com/news/2024/04/19/new-york-offshore-wind-canceled-00153319

The three projects affected are the Attentive Energy One project, developed by TotalEnergies, Rise Light & Power, and Corio Generation; the Community Offshore Wind project, developed by RWE Offshore Renewables and National Grid Ventures; and the Excelsior Wind project, developed by Vineyard Offshore with backing from Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners.

But those would now need to rely on smaller 15.5 MW turbines — which means the developers would have needed to buy more and install more massive underwater foundations to put each turbine atop. As a result, it adds time and labor costs to each project.

https://www.politico.com/news/2024/04/19/new-york-offshore-wind-canceled-00153319

This situation is a major blow to the offshore wind industry and to New York’s renewable energy aspirations. It also highlights the challenges faced by large-scale renewable energy projects in the United States, including high costs and regulatory hurdles.

Environmental advocates are alarmed by the challenges facing the industry. Offshore wind is key to reaching New York’s goal of 70 percent renewable energy sources by 2030, along with other longer-term targets. But there is growing evidence that the mandate will be hard to reach.

“We are very concerned about not meeting the climate goals,” Adrienne Esposito, executive director of the Citizens Campaign for the Environment, said before NYSERDA’s announcement. “All three of these are in a holding pattern and we need a flight plan.”

https://www.politico.com/news/2024/04/19/new-york-offshore-wind-canceled-00153319

For more detailed information, you can refer to the full article on Politico.

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1saveenergy
April 20, 2024 6:11 pm

“We are very concerned about not meeting the climate goals,”

At last, a climate good news story !

Reply to  1saveenergy
April 20, 2024 8:02 pm
I can't believe that New York officials haven't yet heard about the "30% renewables wall" which has hit Germany, UK, Australia and California,  the leading lemmings of political electric power. EU renewables peaked in 2017, a fact obfuscated by creative layering of creative bookkeeping - using tallies of cumulative Gigawatt investment without correcting for decommissioning of older wind farms , the1.5% annual cumulative degradation of output from operating windmills, shorter lifecycles than expected and unit failures. Projects are being canceled everywhere and the last of willing Investors are fleeing from the 'market. 

Big wind players like Siemens, Orsted , and the like shares are dropping and the electric car business is in crisis, so the 50% of the fossil fuel market serving transportation seems rock solid. 
Reply to  Gary Pearse
April 20, 2024 10:15 pm

Formatting?

I can’t believe that New York officials haven’t yet heard about the “30% renewables wall” which has hit Germany, UK, Australia and California, the leading lemmings of political electric power. EU renewables peaked in 2017, a fact obfuscated by creative layering of creative bookkeeping – using tallies of cumulative Gigawatt investment without correcting for decommissioning of older wind farms , the1.5% annual cumulative degradation of output from operating windmills, shorter lifecycles than expected and unit failures. 

Projects are being canceled everywhere and the last of willing Investors are fleeing from the ‘market. 

Reply to  Redge
April 21, 2024 4:36 am

Thanks, Redge. 🙂

Reply to  Gary Pearse
April 21, 2024 1:22 am

To add: Germany’s pm Olaf Scholtz made a (begging) trip to China. On board was Siemens’ president amongst other business leaders. Green tech is almost exclusively reliant on China. Windmills, solar panels, batteries.
It’s ironic that people go on about the ‘dictator’ Putin while supporting ‘green’ (and other not so green) business deals with a chinese one.
But hey, the Greens have many experts. Experts who can make people not see the bleeding opvious.

Reply to  1saveenergy
April 22, 2024 6:33 am

Those bureaucrat/liberal/leftist net-zero folks, who are so concerned, likely do not have any idea how much those 850-ft-tall monsters will add to their electric bills for DECADES, making New York State totally uncompetitive on domestic and world markets and a poor state for businesses to invest in.

Excerpt from
https://www.windtaskforce.org/profiles/blogs/world-s-largest-offshore-wind-system-developer-abandons-two-major

US Offshore Wind Electricity Production and Cost

Electricity production about 30,000 MW x 8766 h/y x 0.40, lifetime capacity factor = 105,192,000 MWh, or 105.2 TWh. The production would be about 100 x 105.2/4000 = 2.63% of the annual electricity loaded onto US grids.

Electricity Cost, c/kWh: Assume a $550 million, 100 MW project consists of foundations, wind turbines, cabling to shore, and installation, at $5,500/kW.

Production 100 MW x 8766 h/y x 0.40, CF = 350,640,000 kWh/y
Amortize bank loan for $385 million, 70% of project, at 6.5%/y for 20 y, 9.824 c/kWh.
Owner return on $165 million, 30% of project, at 10%/y for 20 y, 5.449 c/kWh
Offshore O&M, about 30 miles out to sea, 8 c/kWh.
Supply chain, special ships, ocean transport, 3 c/kWh
All other items, 4 c/kWh 
Total cost 9.824 + 5.449 + 8 + 3 + 4 = 30.273 c/kWh
Less 50% subsidies (ITC, 5-y depreciation, interest deduction on borrowed funds) 15.137 c/kWh
Owner sells to utility at 15.137 c/kWh; developers in NY state, etc., want much more. See Above.

Not included: At a future 30% wind/solar on the grid:   
Cost of onshore grid expansion/reinforcement, about 2 c/kWh
Cost of a fleet of plants for counteracting/balancing, 24/7/365, about 2.0 c/kWh
In the UK, in 2020, it was 1.9 c/kWh at 28% wind/solar loaded onto the grid
Cost of curtailments, 2.0 c/kWh
Cost of decommissioning, i.e., disassembly at sea, reprocessing and storing at hazardous waste sites

Levelized Cost of Energy Deceptions, by US-EIA, et al.

Most people have no idea wind and solar systems need grid expansion/reinforcement and expensive support systems to even exist on the grid.
With increased annual W/S electricity percent on the grid, increased grid investments are needed, plus greater counteracting plant capacity, MW, especially when it is windy and sunny around noon-time.

Increased counteracting of the variable W/S output, places an increased burden on the grid’s other generators, causing them to operate in an inefficient manner (more Btu/kWh, more CO2/kWh), which adds more cost/kWh to the offshore wind electricity cost of about 16 c/kWh, after 50% subsidies
The various cost/kWh adders start with annual W/S electricity at about 8% on the grid.
The adders become exponentially greater, with increased annual W/S electricity percent on the grid

The US-EIA, Lazard, Bloomberg, etc., and their phony LCOE “analyses”, are deliberately understating the cost of wind, solar and battery systems
Their LCOE “analyses” of W/S/B systems purposely exclude major LCOE items.
Their deceptions reinforced the popular delusion, W/S are competitive with fossil fuels, which is far from reality.

The excluded LCOE items are shifted to taxpayers, ratepayers, and added to government debts.
W/S would not exist without at least 50% subsidies
W/S output could not be physically fed into the grid, without items 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. See list.

1) Subsidies equivalent to about 50% of project lifetime owning and operations cost,
2) Grid extension/reinforcement to connect remote W/S systems to load centers
3) A fleet of quick-reacting power plants to counteract the variable W/S output, on a less-than-minute-by-minute basis, 24/7/365 
4) A fleet of power plants to provide electricity during low-W/S periods, and 100% during high-W/S periods, when rotors are feathered and locked,
5) Output curtailments to prevent overloading the grid, i.e., paying owners for not producing what they could have produced
6) Hazardous waste disposal of wind turbines, solar panels and batteries. See image.

gezza1298
Reply to  wilpost
April 23, 2024 8:13 am

Instead of LCOE, LCOLC (Levellised Cost of Load Coverage) should be used to give a realistic cost.

Tom Halla
April 20, 2024 6:36 pm

Wind and solar cannot sustain a grid without vaporware grid scale storage.

Reply to  Tom Halla
April 20, 2024 8:06 pm
I can't believe that New York officials haven't yet heard about the "30% renewables wall" which has hit Germany, UK, Australia and California,  the leading lemmings of political electric power. EU renewables peaked in 2017, a fact obfuscated by creative layering of creative bookkeeping - using tallies of cumulative Gigawatt investment without correcting for decommissioning of older wind farms , the1.5% annual cumulative degradation of output from operating windmills, shorter lifecycles than expected and unit failures. Projects are being canceled everywhere and the last of willing Investors are fleeing from the 'market. 

Big wind players like Siemens, Orsted , and the like shares are dropping and the electric car business is in crisis, so the 50% of the fossil fuel market serving transportation seems rock solid. 
Rud Istvan
April 20, 2024 6:51 pm

Big sad. Renewable wind promises not kept, so promised renewable wind projects cancelled. Golly, whoda think that legally contractual outcome?

Reply to  Rud Istvan
April 21, 2024 4:51 am

I guess the world is going to go off the CO2 cliff because of this.

They tried to save the world from dangerous CO2, but failed because they went down the wrong road erroneously thinking CO2 is dangerous and needs to be controlled, and that windmills and solar can power the world.

So, as one other poster said: “Good news!” The best laid plans of mice and Net Zero green men sometimes go awry.

New York should start looking at building some nuclear power plants. And New York has lots of natural gas under their feet. Those are the alternatives.

New York is not going to get to Net Zero in 2030, and it wouldn’t make any difference to the Earth’s climate anyway.

New York politicians should give up this Delusion.

Rich Davis
Reply to  Tom Abbott
April 21, 2024 1:55 pm

New York politicians should give up this Delusion.

Not while there is still any industry or native-born residents left in the Empire State, they won’t.

Reply to  Tom Abbott
April 22, 2024 7:01 am

German, UK net-ZERO folks, and all other CO2-reduction/phobia fanatics have wasted many $trillions on hare-brained wind/solar/battery/EV/Heat Pump, etc., schemes
.
They have impoverished tens of millions of people in the process, because they are spreading THE TRUE FAITH, based on their science, to save the world
.
Their elites have made oodles of $billions in the process, FOR DECADES.
You will NEVER hear of a halt for building private planes and yachts!!
.
Excerpts from:
https://www.windtaskforce.org/profiles/blogs/natural-forces-cause-periodic-global-warming
https://www.windtaskforce.org/profiles/blogs/hunga-tonga-volcanic-eruption
.
Retained Energy in Atmosphere
.
Dry Air and Water Vapor
ha = Cpa x T = 1006 kJ/kg.C x T, where Cpa is specific heat of dry air
hg = (2501 kJ/kg, specific enthalpy of WV at 0 C) + (Cpwv x T = 1.84 kJ/kg x T), where Cpwv is specific heat of WV at constant pressure
.
1) Worldwide, determine enthalpy of moist air: T = 16 C and H = 0.0025 kg WV/kg dry air (4028 ppm)
h = ha + H.hg = (1.006T) + H(2501 + 1.84T) = 1.006 (16) + 0.0025 {2501 + 1.84 (16)} = 22.4 kJ/kg dry air
About 16.1 kJ/kg of dry air is retained by air and 6.3 kJ/kg by WV
.
2) Tropics, determine enthalpy of moist air: T = 27 C and H = 0.017 kg WV/kg dry air (27389 ppm)
h = 1.006 (27) + 0.017 {2501 + 1.84 (16)} = 70.5 kJ/kg dry air 
About 27.2 kJ/kg of dry air is retained by air and 43.3 kJ/kg by WV
https://www.wikihow.com/Calculate-the-Enthalpy-of-Moist-Air#:~:text=The%20equation%20for%20enthalpy%20is,specific%20enthalpy%20of%20water%20vapor.
.
CO2
h CO2 = Cp CO2 x K = 0.834 x (16 + 273) = 241 kJ/kg CO2, where Cp CO2 is specific heat 
.
Worldwide, determine enthalpy of CO2 = {(423 x 44)/(1000000 x 29 = 0.000642 kg CO2/kg dry air} x
241 kJ/kg CO2) 289 K = 0.155 kJ/kg dry air.
.
Retained energy, world: (16.1 + 6.3 + 0.155) kJ/kg dry air) x 1000j/kJ x 5.148 x 10^18 kg, atmosphere/10^18 = 1.161 x 10^5 EJ
.
Retained energy, Tropics: (27.2 + 43.3 + 0.155) kJ/kg dry air x 1000J/kJ x 2.049 x 10^18 kg, atmosphere/10^18 = 1,448 x 10^5 EJ. 
.
The Tropics is a giant energy storage area, almost all of it by evaporating water.
CO2 plays a 100 x (0.155/70.655) = 0.219% role.  
At least 35% of the Tropics energy is transferred, and replenished by the sun, 24/7/365, to areas north and south of the 37 parallels with energy deficits
Humans consumed 604/365 = 1.65 EJ/d, in 2022 

April 20, 2024 6:52 pm

WTH is a “climate goal”….

It really is just anti-science gobbledygook !

Wind turbines have absolutely no effect on the global climate, and have unknown, but probably deleterious effects, on the local area weather…

… and for off-shore turdines, probably disruption of sea life.

They are a pestilence, at best !

elmerulmer
Reply to  bnice2000
April 20, 2024 7:01 pm

Can we all just agree that hydrocarbons, pick your molecule, are necessary for life as we know it? And that all of these deadlines are utter nonsense? And shift the rot spending on wind and solar to how to produce hydrocarbons most efficiently and cleanly? And then let nuclear compete in an unsubsidized level table electricity world? No we can’t because….

Drake
Reply to  elmerulmer
April 20, 2024 7:17 pm

Take away all subsidies and the RIGHT energy mix will magically appear. NO money will be required from government “rot spending”. It is not in the LEAST bit necessary to determine how to:

produce hydrocarbons most efficiently and cleanly?

Reply to  Drake
April 21, 2024 12:40 am

Why can’t Western politicians understand that we really don’t need them, and literally everything they do just makes things worse?

Drake
Reply to  Graemethecat
April 21, 2024 7:21 am

Actually I think there appears to be a group of NY politicians who KNOW CAGW is all BS and they are trying to find a way to keep everything from going to crap.

They know they need to keep the lib voters happy voting for THEM so they carry on with “attempts” to reach the magic 2030 goal and moan and groan when these things happen, knowing it is the BEST situation given their earlier votes to “require” net zero.

They are trying to save the stupidly liberal state from their stupidity by playing the game by the liberal rules. Of course the number on liberal rule is the ends justify the means. Rule number 2, it is OK to lie.

Rich Davis
Reply to  Graemethecat
April 21, 2024 1:58 pm

They know that graeme, that’s why they spend 99% of their waking hours in gaslighting.

Reply to  elmerulmer
April 21, 2024 3:21 am

And then let nuclear compete in an unsubsidized level table electricity world?

Good joke. Nuclear wouldn’t exist without massive government spending.

Reply to  MyUsername
April 21, 2024 7:20 am

Nice straw man switcheroo. All, as in all, government subsidies are government spending, but not all government spending is subsidies. Take all the subsidies away from unreliables and ease the regulatory burdens on nuclear, then compare.

MiloCrabtree
Reply to  Phil R
April 21, 2024 9:07 am

Gents,

MyUsername is a troll. It comes here to wind folks up. It is a skid mark on Hillary’s tent-like under drawers. Ignore it.

Drake
Reply to  MyUsername
April 21, 2024 7:33 am

See my comment above. The market will decide what the best, most affordable source of electricity will be.

Of course government action IS required for Nuclear to go anywhere. Removing the insane excessive regulations surrounding the use of nuclear power, and eliminating the ability of every tom, dick and harry to sue to stop a nuke plant from being built.

The #1 regulation to remove is the requirement to use very low grade uranium as fuel. Using highly enriched uranium would make it so that a plant with a 80 year lifespan would only need to be refueled 2 or 3 times saving massive expenses for downtime and lost revenue during the refueling shutdowns, in this case of 80 years, 30 to 40 compared to 3 or 4.

https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/event-status/reactor-status/ps.html

Looking to find a true cycle of shutdowns I found this page on existing US nuke plant outputs. They are binary. Either 100% or 0%. The NuScale SMR model included the ability to vary output to “fit” to unreliable output. A ridiculous business model forced by REGULATION and as a method to get Federal funding. The added expenses associated with unneeded technology for “infinite” safety and variable output have made their design too expensive to build.

Reply to  Drake
April 21, 2024 7:38 am

Yeah, what Drake said…

MarkW
Reply to  MyUsername
April 21, 2024 7:37 am

Is there anything you know, that is actually true?

Dave Fair
Reply to  bnice2000
April 20, 2024 8:16 pm

A new one: “Turdines”

Reply to  Dave Fair
April 20, 2024 10:59 pm

oops. byslexic typo !

MarkW
Reply to  bnice2000
April 21, 2024 7:40 am

Earlier today ballynally wrote “opvious”.

I blame sun spot cycles.

Dave Fair
Reply to  bnice2000
April 21, 2024 9:30 am

I meant it as a new word to describe crappy wind machines.

Ex-KaliforniaKook
Reply to  Dave Fair
April 21, 2024 10:17 pm

From now on that’s how I’m going to refer to them. Good description!

Bryan A
April 20, 2024 7:35 pm

It may be, by nameplate, 70% of needed capacity … BUT … due to winds dismal 35% capacity factor, it’s actually 70% needed capacity 35% of the time thus equates to merely 23.5% of actual annual needed capacity

Bryan A
Reply to  Bryan A
April 20, 2024 7:36 pm

And STILL can’t guarantee to be able to deliver power whenever it’s required 24/7/365

John Hultquist
April 20, 2024 7:47 pm

Are these wind facilities planed in locations touched by prior hurricanes?
comment image

Reply to  John Hultquist
April 21, 2024 4:53 am

will a hurricane destroy/damage the turbine blades?

how about tornadoes?

and what will both events do to solar “farms”? we’ve seen hail damage solar panels

April 20, 2024 8:27 pm

Perhaps I’m just not reading very well but this article seems to say that a post-proposal turbine change is to use smaller 15.5 MW turbines instead of the original design 18 MW turbines, thus requiring a greater number of turbines to meet total project specifications.

Then it says that the 15.5 MW turbines “means the developers would have needed to buy more and install more massive underwater foundations to put each turbine atop.”

In other words, smaller turbines require more massive foundations. This seems like a reversal of normal engineering requirements. I don’t see how it makes any sense.

Drake
Reply to  AndyHce
April 20, 2024 10:05 pm

LOL.

 I don’t see how it makes any sense.

Using wind generation to provide baseline electrical demand. I must agree with you Andy.

LOL.

Reply to  AndyHce
April 20, 2024 11:01 pm

I think they mean, “a larger number of massive foundations.” 🙂

All that luvly CO2 from the cement and steel making 🙂

Reply to  AndyHce
April 21, 2024 11:25 am

I think the author meant that the foundations were massive for turbines and that more would be required because of more turbines, at least that is how I read it.

Rich Davis
Reply to  AndyHce
April 21, 2024 2:06 pm

Not more-massive, more massive, as in a greater number of massive.

Bob
April 20, 2024 8:30 pm

More good news. Stop wasting your money on wind and solar. Fire up all fossil fuel and nuclear generators. Build new fossil fuel and nuclear generators and remove wind and solar from the grid.

Reply to  Bob
April 21, 2024 4:56 am

a win-win for everyone but renewable firms and many burro-crats and academics

This big push for renewables is like a…. pandemic! A disease we have to suffer through until it finally passes.

April 20, 2024 8:57 pm

highlights the challenges faced by large-scale renewable energy projects in the United States, including high costs and regulatory hurdles”

Oh the irony … the regulatory hurdles were put in place to hamstring fossil fuel & mineral development … and now it is hamstringing them … so short-sited !

Keitho
Editor
April 20, 2024 11:23 pm

Surely it must dawn on everybody that these things are made redundant by nuclear power if it is fossil fuels they hate.

Reply to  Keitho
April 22, 2024 2:07 am

They hated nuclear first. Perhaps they thought it was a given that people “knew” that nuclear was not a safe path forward after their successful campaign against it, or they feel that established regulations hamstring nuclear enough to effectively prevent nuclear from gaining traction despite public sentiment.

April 21, 2024 1:33 am

The big tech players will move to nuclear to supply their big data centres as unreliables cannot provide enough steady electricity those centres need. But there might be an issue. If/when they start investing in nuclear facilities and make a quango w state bodies you better read the small print. I see big time state corruption ahead as nuclear facilities are high upfront cost. Big tech are likely to demand nuclear energy for their facilities first with a quid pro quo, return on investment. I feel this can only be managed on a federal level. The public needs to be protected. As much as i like free enterprice, if it goes against the people’s needs and protection there have to be barriers in place.

Coeur de Lion
April 21, 2024 1:43 am

What we need is an offshore wind farm wiped out by a hurricane. As a former seafarer I have a great respect for offshore wind phenomena ho ho.

April 21, 2024 2:16 am

Scotland too

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-04-18/scotland-retreats-on-out-of-reach-2030-climate-change-target

The Scottish Greens, by way of answer to this, are discussing leaving the government.

Dave Andrews
Reply to  michel
April 21, 2024 7:04 am

They need to have a word with the Global Wind Energy Council who are predicting a 650 GW gap to meet climate targets by 2030 because of problems in wind energy supply chains.

“The supply chains in the wind sector for minerals, components and key enabling infrastructure like ports and platforms are not fit for purpose for a net zero world, where today’s global installed wind fleet must scale up by roughly three times by the end of the decade”

See also GWEC 2023 Offshore Wind Report.

Encouraging actually 🙂

Rich Davis
Reply to  Dave Andrews
April 21, 2024 2:17 pm

You see it’s a supply chain problem, yet another failure of capitalism. We just need more communism, don’t you see? Let’s go straight to communism instead continuing the charade about there being a climate crisis that requires world communism to solve. It will be so much easier.

observa
April 21, 2024 4:19 am

Those bids were all linked to major supply chain investments by General Electric and a larger turbine it planned to build

Reads the wind turbine industry is now aware they’ve reached the limits of turbine engineering and they’ll be on the hook for the failures going any bigger. They’ve been on a quest to go ever larger particularly to cut offshore installation cost but the cracks have begun to show with turbine sizing.

April 21, 2024 4:43 am

“GE didn’t plan to move forward with an 18 megawatt turbine”

how big is an 18 megawatt turbine?

also, are there any wind turbines on top of NYC skyscrapers? if not, why not?

MarkW
Reply to  Joseph Zorzin
April 21, 2024 7:45 am

I doubt existing buildings would be able to withstand the stresses of adding a wind turbine. Even a small one.
Extra weight, horizontal stresses and vibration. Not good for tall buildings.

Reply to  Joseph Zorzin
April 21, 2024 11:27 am

Ruin the view for urban liberals, remember NIMBY.

bo
Reply to  Joseph Zorzin
April 21, 2024 12:18 pm

Per US Wind’s COP for the Maryland offshore projects, 18MW turbine has a hub height of 161m and rotor diameter of 250m.

Although US Wind mentions the 14.7MW GE turbines in the COP, it appears as if the project was sized for the 18MW turbines. With a little bit of luck, the Maryland projects will be cancelled also.

James Snook
April 21, 2024 5:02 am

“GE didn’t plan to move forward with an 18 megawatt turbine”

Very wise move GE!

April 21, 2024 7:12 am

the Excelsior Wind project…

Man, did South Park have it right with Al Gore and ManBearPig…Excelsior!!

April 21, 2024 11:00 pm

Go big or Go home.
LOL.
Regardless of what you may think of the science behind Climate Change,
Climate policy is the scam.