Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach
I had the great pleasure of being invited to give a presentation at the Doctors for Disaster Preparedness (DDP) conference this weekend in Knoxville, Tennessee. It was a very interesting and professionally run conference, and I offer my thanks to Dr. Jane Orient
for her invitation, and to her team for the doing endless logistic work that such a conference entails in a most efficient and nearly invisible manner.
The conference featured a host of fascinating speakers, and the city itself was most pleasant and interesting. I came with a stack of Powerpoint slides and a presentation on climate science. But then I thought “Wait a minute, these are doctors, not climate scientists”, and I ended up putting them aside and speaking for an hour with the main theme being the ancient medical admonition, “First do no harm”.
One of the first people I met carried around a portable CO2 meter. We were indoors at the reception dinner in a large banquet hall, and here is the CO2 concentration:
About 800 ppmv … it gave me a better understanding of why ground level CO2 is not necessarily a good measure of the background levels.
One of the best parts for me of such conferences is that I get a chance to meet my heroes. When I began studying climate science I soon identified the scientists that I thought were doing interesting and outstanding work … but I never imagined that I would meet them, much less get a chance to speak at a conference with them. Dr. Fred Singer, the dean of skeptics, was at the conference, and paid me the compliment of quoting some of my scientific results in his speech. I’ve met him several times before, he’ll be 90 this year, still sharp, still funny. I also got a chance to share a meal with Dr. Art Robinson, the originator of the Oregon Petition. He turns out to be a most interesting man, a PhD biochemist who is doing fascinating research on the diagnosis of the state of a persons health by using mass spectrometry to analyze the trace molecules in their urine. He was most complimentary, and said that my presentation was “absolutely perfect”. I felt quite honored.
It was a very eclectic collection of speakers, including a man whose work is the identification of the various types of ebola viruses, and the kinds of precautions necessary for dealing with the disease. He showed slides of him in Africa in a full moon suit, and spoke of how the hospitals often deal with the ebola patients without even gloves, because the hospitals are too poor to buy them and their stocks have run out in the current medical emergency. Given the recent and continuing ebola outbreak in Africa, it was most timely.
And unlike the ICCC9 conference where I spoke a few weeks ago and the talks were limited to twelve minutes (and unavoidably so given the number of noted speakers), we each got an hour to talk about our subject, which was a great boon.
I ended up speaking on how increases in the cost of energy for any reason are the most regressive tax imaginable. If you make very little money, for example, you pay no income tax. But the poorer you are, the larger a percentage of your expenses goes to energy costs (primarily heating, cooling, and transportation), and there is no exemption for those at the bottom of the heap. My message was, if you think CO2 is a problem, fine, but when you fight it first do no harm … and while increasing the price of energy is an inconvenience for many people, for the poorest of the poor it can mean impoverishment, sickness and death. So fight CO2 if you must, but if you increase energy prices to do it, you are actively harming the poor. I’ve requested the video of the speech, I’ll post it up on youtube when I get it. My speech stole shamelessly from my writings, and it’s nothing I haven’t said before, but it was the first time I’d put it into a one-hour speech. It was very well received.
In between sessions, I wandered around downtown Knoxville. It’s an old city, with a marvelous “Market Square”. Ironically, the huge building across the street is the offices of the TVA, the “Tennessee Valley Authority” which did so much to relieve poverty in the area by providing cheap electricity for the local people. The TVA building, fittingly, has a long lovely fountain symbolic of the renewable hydropower that the Authority provides …
There is also a display of old machinery in the foyer of the TVA building which you can see from outside. It’s all from the time when such machines were works of art. One that caught my eye was a “flyball governor”, first invented by James Watt of steam engine fame. As someone who holds that the climate is regulated not by feedback but by a governor system, it was of great interest, and is a stunning example of the genre:
When the pulley-driven wheel turns, the vertical shaft with the four steel balls (one unseen behind) suspended on flexible spring steel blades spins as well, and the balls are driven outwards by centripetal centrifugal force. This pulls the upper brass ring downwards against the adjustable tension of the spring at the upper right, and controls a valve which regulates the amount of energy entering the system … a most elegant version of an ancient design.
The Market Center is the showpiece and heart of the city. It’s a long open space, and every time I went there it was full of people and something was going on—jugglers, Shakespeare plays in an outdoor theatre …
.. a magician, people break dancing, newspaper sellers, a variety of street musicians, it went on and on. Outdoor cafes ring the Market Square, and the people of Knoxville have turned the outdoor cafe into an art form … now that’s outdoor eating in comfort.
There is only one statue in the square, and contrary to my expectation when I saw it from a distance, that it would be something honoring Civil War heroes, to my surprise it honors heroes of an entirely different kind:
One of the inscriptions on the pedestal was particularly moving …
” … the monstrous injustice of including educated women with felons and lunatics as persons denied the right of suffrage”, indeed. We forget the cost it took to purchase the rights and freedoms we take for granted.
Knowing that if you build a fountain kids will want to play in it, the Market Square also has a fountain specifically designed for kids, with benches nearby for the parents to watch the joy …
There is a museum on the corner of the square, featuring a complete reproduction of an apothecary shop, with reminders of how far medicine has advanced in the last 150 years.
The maids in the hotel who came in to clean my room were great. One was a very large black woman. When I told her I was there to give a speech, she said proudly “I just gave my very first speech myself”. I asked for the details, and she said it was at the drug rehab center where she used to live. I asked her what she’d told them. She said “I told them you can’t just sit around for the rest of your lives drawing government money and using it to buy drugs. You have to get up and stand up and make something out of your lives” … words to live by. She said the management of the rehab center wanted her to go speak to other groups, and I applauded her resolution to do so.
The next day another maid told me she’d been upset when she saw the word “Climate” on some paperwork in another guest’s room, she was all upset about the idea of a climate conference … but then she read a bit more and realized it was skeptics, not alarmists, and after that everything was fine again. So I guess the word is getting out.
One of the best parts of the conference was after it was all over. Everyone was eating dinner, when a loud buzzing went off all around the room, including on my hip. I looked at my phone … tornado alert, take shelter now. I’ve never lived in tornado country, so I followed the example of the locals in the hotel who did … well … nothing. It started pouring down rain, a torrential downpour, lots of wind. When that cleared, I went outside to look for the tornado. I walked up on the hill behind the hotel to get a good view. It’s part of a long ridge, and a sign said that during the war the Union troops (locally called “Federal troops”, I noted) erected ten forts with batteries of artillery during the siege of the town. I could see why, it overlooks the whole city. The sky was chaotic …
… but no sign of a tornado. As soon as I got back to the hotel, the rain and wind started up again, and in a half an hour it was dark, and the sky was full of lightning. I watched the storm from my 11th floor hotel window, I could see the window glass flexing in and out with the force of the gusts. And the lightning was everywhere, cloud to cloud, cloud to ground …
From the news tonight:
Tornadoes were also reported in Tennessee and West Virginia Sunday afternoon and evening. Just north of Knoxville, Tenn., near the Kentucky border, the Claiborne County emergency manager reported that 10 homes had been “completely destroyed.”
A most fitting end to a most diverse and interesting conference. Lightning and wind have picked up again as I write this, here’s the radar from my phone. Knoxville is the blue ball in the middle, the storm is moving southwards, and the lighting is getting amazing again.
Anyhow, that was my weekend. My thanks again to the DDP for putting on a good show. After three hours sleep I’ll fly out tomorrow at 4:35 AM, home for one day to see the good lady, and then off again Wednesday to Vancouver Island, where I’m signed on as first mate on a fishing boat delivery to southern Oregon.
My best to all, keep up the struggle, I’ll post when and as I can.
w.













Alan Robertson says:
July 28, 2014 at 3:27 am
While this may be true for certain individuals, by and large I hold to my maxim, “Never ascribe to malice what is adequately explained by error and ignorance” …
w.
Willis,
This took some getting used to for me. I moved to Huntsville AL some years back, and the first summer I was here the tornado sirens seemed incessant. They’d go off several times a week. After a bit I became desensitized like everybody else and just took it as a warning to pay attention to the radio. But if people took shelter every time those darn sirens went off, there’d be summers when nothing got done.
Willis: A governor EMPLOYS feedback to affect a change in the output of said governor, based upon some combination of input signals. Input – speed signal. Output – throttle position. Input – temperature; output – cloud cover.
I’m just a dumb engineer who had to endure control systems theory (and practice) in about second year. I understand your position and perception, but ask that you just leave this one alone, as it detracts from the main issue – it’s just a difference of definitions which becomes a red herring.
climatereason:
Tony:
Thanks for your post at July 28, 2014 at 5:52 am which I think provides a powerful illustration of why Conferences such as the DPP are important.
You begin by saying to me
In fact they had all the technology needed to develop steam-powered transportation and steam-powered machinery by adopting Hero’s ‘aeolipile’ as a power source. For example, railways, saw mills and flour mills were in widespread use.
However, their society was completely based on the use of slavery. Displacing slaves with machines would have induced a societal revolution with unpredictable effects. There were not, for example, automated looms to form factories which could mop-up displaced workers (i.e. displaced slaves). I think it shoild be noted that despite the inventions of factory systems, the eventual industrial revolution had Luddites, Rebeccas and etc..
Today, our ‘slaves’ are machines. Ending or significantly reducing human slavery two thousand years ago would have caused total societal collapse with all the horrors that provides: first do no harm.
Richard
mrmethane says:
July 28, 2014 at 7:15 am
Duh …
I said quite clearly that a governor controls feedback to affect a change in the output, viz:
I have had to make this distinction repeatedly because many folks don’t understand the difference between a governor and simple feedback, so they think the emergent climate phenomena are just simple feedback. They are not.
You come along to tell me quite paternalistically to “leave this one alone” because in your infinite wisdom you know that a governor doesn’t control feedback, it EMPLOYS feedback to affect a change in the output … man, you nit-pickers are out in force today.
What on earth is the difference between me saying a governor controls the feedback and you saying it EMPLOYS feedback, to use your term?
I’m sick of folks like you and Greg Goodman blithely assuming I don’t know what I’m talking about. I know exactly how a governor works. I’ve worked on and calibrated and adjusted and repaired actual flyball governors of the type shown above … have you?
My point is that simple feedback doth not a governor make.
This is particularly true in a lagged system such as the climate, because to control such a system a governor not only needs to control the feedback, it needs to produce overshoot (hysteresis). Emergent climate phenomena exhibit hysteresis, which shows that they are not feedbacks, they are a governor system.
Happy now? OK … then go away and nit-pick someone else. I got three hours sleep last nite, I got no time for you and Greg’s attempt to show how smart you are. I know you’re both smart, but your pathetic attempts to prove it at my expense just make you both look dumb.
w.
To the contrary, I appreciate Greg Goodman’s comments, as not being an engineer, I generally learn something. That’s one of the reasons I come here.
/Mr Lynn
Willis – yeah, I have. Ball weight (assuming no dimensional changes) is analogous to the amount of (negative) feedback produced at any given rotational speed. More weight, more neg feedback.
Why didn’t I know about this?! I live in Knoxville, and would have loved to have attended. And to meet Willis and others.
“First, do no harm.” This is an elegant hook for your particular audience and, if it isn’t a recognized ‘must’ element for oral presentations, it should be. It was an inspiration and I look forward to the video.
I visited Knoxville almost 30 years ago when I heard that the famous Tennesee Pink marble quarry and plant was up for sale. A large number of classy old buildings in North America are graced with this stone that is characterized by zig zag stylolite seams that look a bit like the temperature record.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stylolite
I hoped I could interest some partners in it who were interested in investing in a pure white crystalline dolomite marble that I owned in Ontario. I was hand quarrying blocks and eventually bought a scrap wire saw in Vermont and rebuilt it – alas, recession starting in 1991 killed all my plans although there are a number of marble floors, fireplaces, tombstones, and split ashlar as sad monuments to my enterprise.
I had the best BBQed ribs in my life in Knoxville and I attended a fine bluegrass concert. Nice to see some pics. The pink marble underlies the ridge you mention and I had the opposite view: a beautiful panorama of the city from the Tennessee Pink quarry.
mrmethane says:
July 28, 2014 at 7:58 am
Great, so then you can explain why you are busting me for saying a governor controls the feedback instead of saying that it employs feedback. As a practical man with field experience, surely you can point out the critical difference that led to your paternalistic admonition telling me to “leave this one alone” … and if not, how about YOU leave it alone instead?
w.
OK, now that I’m on the verge of being bullied into silence, I’ll try again. Input signal, speed, actually centripetal force acting on the balls to raise them against the force of gravity. Output signal, throttle position. Feedback – the change in throttle position in response to ball height (speed). The amount of (negative, in this case) feedback is determined by the physical properties of the weights, arm length, leverage on the throttle components etc. We can adjust the speed limit by adjusting physical things. So yes, the governor provides a negative signal to the throttle, but that signal is a function of the feedback loop defined by the mechanics. And no, I am not trying to make you look stupid or me look smart, and would much rather this exchange took place offline.
Many people believe the term “balls to the wall” came from aviation, from pushing the ball-capped throttles forward to the firewall, but the term actually was first coined in the era of the steam engine. As a steam engine gains RPMs, the governor’s balls fly out toward the walls!
A governor is not feedback. It is a system which controls the amount of feedback, which can be either positive or negative as needed … or in your words, a governor is not feedback, it is a feedback controller …
The steam flow rate (controlled by valve position) is the feedback. The control is the steam valve. The Watts governor turns the sensed speed into feedback (steam flow rate).
I must say though you are not using the terms in a way engineers normally use them. And BTW the governor does not control the feedback. It controls the steam valve. Which controls steam flow. The steam flow rate (controlled by valve position) is the feedback. If we are to be semantically correct valve position is the feedback.
And in addition the feedback need not be negative. Valve position is usually designated as 0 to 100% open. But if you nominate 1/2 open as zero…. then less than half open is negative. But that is all a matter of convention. One of the things I did at Robert Shaw was design the software of the controller to conform to different conventions. Each industry has its own depending on historical accident.
But that is all semantics and barely useful. What I want to know is what are the climate controllers and how does their behavior become emergent?
Greg Goodman says:
July 28, 2014 at 3:48 am
I agree with you that integrals are not given near enough weight in climate science. Degree days is probably more important than degrees. Similarly with solar. TSI days. I think it was Vukovic who has said that it is the integral of days with SSNs above or below 40 that determines Earth heating or cooling. And that is integrated by the oceans with something like a 10 to 20 year lag.
Habibullo Abdussamatov likes an 11 year lag from 2003. 2003 being the year a number of people have determined as as the date of solar drop off. Lagged 11 years gives 2014. A number of people think we are headed for a Dalton type minimum. de Vries cycle.
http://notrickszone.com/2013/12/03/german-scientists-show-climate-driven-by-natural-cycles-global-temperature-to-drop-to-1870-levels-by-2100/
Personally from my limited study I give CO2 zero weight in controlling climate. My rationale is that arid deserts cool rapidly at night and to my knowledge no one has shown that the rate of cooling has changed with increased CO2.
I wonder if Willis is predicting any such thing (cooling)?
bushbunny says:
July 27, 2014 at 10:03 pm
“Good my friend, I have a picture of my son sitting between two stock men (farmers) outside our pub with two tanks of CO2 behind them. Taken about 30 years ago. Labelled Beer. CO2 is used to add to beer in a keg before it is tapped.”
Off topic, I know, but over here in England a small dedicated minority of us still stick to the view that if you have to pump CO2 into it, it can’t be “real” beer.
Wonderful story, as usual. Going completely off topic, I’ve been trying to introduce my daughter to some of your writing. I’ve found the index, but I can’t seem to find the story I’m looking for. It’s the one where you’re trying to educate some Pacific Islanders about what the logging companies are really doing. Any assistance in locating that post would be appreciated.
Greg Goodman (28 Jul, 5.34 A.M.) is 97.1% correct. (Please don’t ask how I calculated this figure!) When I used to teach this stuff I would start out by asking the class “who has heard of centrifugal force?” After all the hands went up I would say “Well forget about it. There’s no such thing”
If you get a college level text on Newtonian mechanics and check out the worked problems on circular motion, you will find there is no centrifugal force or resulting acceleration, and no need for it.
mrmethane says:
July 28, 2014 at 9:06 am
So now I’m a “bully”? You can say whatever you please, for as long as you please, in whatever way you please, and I can’t do a one single thing about it. Your claim of “bullying” is a pathetic joke. And you still have not said one single word about how you saying that a governor EMPLOYS feedback is different from me saying a governor controls feedback.
Go whimper about being “bullied” somewhere else, my anonymous friend. It doesn’t work with me.
w.
M Simon says:
July 28, 2014 at 9:56 am
M. Simon, I have no clue why you are talking about a steam engine. I said a governor controlled the feedback. You said it is a feedback controller, so I thought we were in agreement … and now you want to lecture me about steam engines, and change your mind and tell me that the governor is NOT controlling the feedback, it’s controlling the valve position which controls the steam flow rate? Make up your mind.
The main emergent phenomena controlling the global temperature are the tropical cumulus and thunderstorms. In addition various parts are played by the El Niño pump moving warm water from the equator to the poles, and by dust devils, tornadoes, hurricanes, squall lines, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. See Emergent Climate Phenomena, and “It’s Not About Feedback” for a detailed discussion.
Best regards,
w.
TomB says:
July 28, 2014 at 11:43 am
Thanks for the kind words, Tom. I often can’t find my own work, not surprising since I’m over 500 posts at this point. After much experimentation, I realized that all of my posts have the exact phrase “Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach” at the top. So now I search for that (in quotes) plus whatever keywords come to mind.
In this case, the post is called How Environmental Organizations are Destroying The Environment.
Best to you and your daughter,
w.
Wes Spiers says:
“there is no centrifugal force”
Tell that to a coffee cup sitting on a dash when a curve is taken a little too fast.
Learn something new every day !
So James Watt’s “flyball” governor. is NOT a feedback system ?
Well then that is great; so it can never go into oscillation, since the input is not influenced by a delayed output.
Amazing !
M Simon says:
July 28, 2014 at 10:20 am
I don’t do predictions of that sort, but since I hold that the temperature of the planet is thermostatically controlled, I doubt greatly if we will see either large warming or large cooling.
To date I’ve seen no solid evidence that minor variations in the sun do anything. They are claimed to cause the temperature drops in the Maunder and Dalton minima, but since the temperature started rising in both instances long before the sunspots/TSI started to rise, this seems doubtful … particularly when you add in the fact that for such a cumulative effect we’d expect a significant lag time, which makes the temperature/sunspot mismatch even worse.
Regards,
w.
I don’t believe Dr. Robinson is a medical doctor. Rather, his PhD is in Biochemistry.
[Thanks, Michael, fixed. -w.]
“””””…..Michael Moon says:
July 28, 2014 at 4:48 am
Joe Born,
“Centripetal” is correct. More correctly it would be “Centripetal Acceleration,” not centripetal force. It means “away from the center.” If you swing a rock on a string, your hand experiences this centripetal acceleration as a pull, stronger as you swing the rock faster. Acceleration is how anything moves in a circle! Gravity is also an acceleration, not a force……”””””
So instead of me swinging the rock on the string, I am holding in my hand the little battery motor, which is rotating a wheel that the string is tied to. So my hand is held rigidly and is not perceptibly moving.
Damn ! Something is surely pulling on my hand and it is always pulling my hand in the direction the string is pointing.
My hand resists moving (or accelerating), by pulling equally hard on that electric motor in my hand.
When I stand on my bathroom scales, I don’t go anywhere; well except around the earth polar axis in 24 hours; that’s the only accelerating I am doing.
When I calculate that acceleration, and the required “nonforce”, I don’t get anything like the 170 pounds, the scale says I weigh; what gives??
Funny thing, is when I rest the scale on my chest, and then put the earth on my bathroom scale; the scale says that the earth also weighs exactly the same 170 pounds as I do.
A little awkward weighing the earth; I have to put a mirror between the scale and the earth, in order
for me to read the scale. If the scale had wifi, then I wouldn’t need the mirror, to weigh the earth.