Forensic science reports more deaths in Australia than Sweden due to cold

From the University of Adelaide , something nobody would have ever guessed.

Australian state has higher rate of hypothermia deaths than Sweden

Social isolation, lack of housing insulation are contributing factors

New research from the University of Adelaide shows that the state of South Australia has a higher rate of deaths from extreme cold compared with the northern European nation of Sweden.  

The study, by a team from the University’s School of Medical Sciences, analyzed forensic cases of hypothermia deaths from 2006-2011 in both South Australia and Sweden.

The results show that South Australia had a rate of 3.9 deaths for every 100,000 people, compared with Sweden’s 3.3 deaths per 100,000. In total, there were 62 fatal cases of hypothermia in South Australia and 296 cases in Sweden over the six-year period.

“Despite considerable demographic, geographic and climate differences, the death rate from hypothermia was slightly higher in South Australia than in Sweden, which is a very surprising result,” says the leader of the project, the University’s Professor Roger Byard AO.

Hypothermia is defined as a decrease in core body temperature below 35°C, with fatal hypothermia occurring at body temperatures of 26°C to 29°C.

“Most of the deaths from hypothermia in South Australia involved elderly women indoors who were living alone, often with multiple underlying illnesses and limited contact with the outside world. Many of them had been dead for at least a day before they were discovered,” Professor Byard says.

“This is in contrast with the majority of hypothermia deaths in Sweden, which usually occur outdoors and involve middle-aged males, commonly under the influence of alcohol. These bodies are often uncovered from snow drifts.

“The fact that South Australia has a much warmer climate than Sweden, with higher average temperatures and milder winters, does not stop people from being at risk of death from hypothermia. Elderly, socially isolated people are at greatest risk in this state,” Professor Byard says.

Medical Sciences PhD student Fiona Bright says descriptions of the houses were not available in the South Australian cases, so the reasons for the higher rates of indoor deaths in SA can only be speculated on.

“In addition to the many underlying medical conditions involved in these cases, it’s likely that poor heating and insulation, and lack of energy efficiency, are playing a role here. For example, only 2.6% of Australian homes have double-glazed windows compared with 100% of homes in Finland and Sweden,” Ms Bright says.

###

The results of this research will be published in the Journal of Forensic Sciences later this year.

Get notified when a new post is published.
Subscribe today!
0 0 votes
Article Rating
64 Comments
Inline Feedbacks
View all comments
tommoriarty
February 12, 2014 1:07 pm

The Southern Hemisphere in headed for serious climate trouble. See…
http://climatesanity.wordpress.com/2013/12/26/time-to-recognize-approaching-southern-hemisphere-disaster/
To understand why environmentalists worry far more about the Northern Hemisphere than the Southern Hemispere, you have to understand their psyche. Here it is…
http://climatesanity.wordpress.com/2014/01/23/5066/

dearieme
February 12, 2014 1:19 pm

International medical comparisons are fraught with the difficulty/impossibility of checking that diagnostic criteria are near-enough identical. So I say “Pah!”, though I must admit that I haven’t lived in Sweden.

Jimbo
February 12, 2014 1:23 pm

For example, only 2.6% of Australian homes have double-glazed windows compared with 100% of homes in Finland and Sweden,” Ms Bright says.

Small nit pick triple glazing is common in many homes Sweden and Norway. In 1977 strict new standards came into force in Sweden and almost all new homes have triple glazing.
http://www.homebuilding.co.uk/advice/key-choices/green/triple-glazing

February 12, 2014 1:25 pm

ghl said February 12, 2014 at 11:40 am

South Australia has the most wind farms and the most expensive electricity of all australian states.

The Gits’ electrickery bill for the last quarter was $512.06 for 1,492 kWh (95 days). In SA it would have been $531.79, but you get an 11% discount for paying before due, or $473.29. So here in Tasmania it cost us $5.39/day compared to SA where the same consumption would have cost us $4.98/day. What makes you think $4.98 is more than $5.39? When The Git went to school $5.39 was 28% greater than $4.98!

February 12, 2014 1:30 pm

dearieme said February 12, 2014 at 1:19 pm

International medical comparisons are fraught with the difficulty/impossibility of checking that diagnostic criteria are near-enough identical. So I say “Pah!”, though I must admit that I haven’t lived in Sweden.

You might not want to. When my brother lived there (he was working for the Nobel Foundation, he said he and his wife had to go to Denmark or the UK to enjoy themselves, it being illegal to do so in Sweden 😉

February 12, 2014 1:38 pm

Jimbo said February 12, 2014 at 1:23 pm

Small nit pick triple glazing is common in many homes Sweden and Norway.

Double-glazing is more than good enough in most of Australia. The Git’s world-famous House of Steel is double-glazed, super-sealed and well-insulated. That’s why our electrickery consumption is less than for a small one-person household even though it’s a medium-sized, two-person household.

Boadicea
February 12, 2014 1:49 pm

The climate in SA is one of long cold and wet winters with shorter hot summers. The old houses were built to survive the heat, and had wide verandahs . The newer MacMansions have no verandahs…and lots of glass facing into the sun… and poor insulation.
The Guvmint being of a lefty greeny persuasion has spent up big on promoting renewables such rotating bird killers and solar…with the end result that SA has the highest electricity prices in Australia and probably the world.
I wouldn’t have taken many neurones to have predicted this would happen…but its still a great place to live and bring up kids… despite the dopey guvmints.
Too many lawyers masquerading as politicians and not enough common sense.

Steve from Rockwood
February 12, 2014 1:57 pm

Can’t say I saw that one coming…

Bruce Hall
February 12, 2014 2:09 pm

Cold event = weather; hot event = proof of global warming/climate change. Never forget; always remember.

February 12, 2014 2:11 pm

“The study, by a team from the University’s School of Medical Sciences, analyzed forensic cases of hypothermia deaths from 2006-2011 in both South Australia and Sweden.”
The timing of this study just happens to be when electricity prices almost doubled in South Australia. Little wonder their are more deaths. Little old ladies on fixed incomes would find it difficult to afford those increases, cut back on their heating. Refer to the last graph on the link.
http://eyesonbrowne.wordpress.com/2013/08/18/why-we-have-to-pay-so-much-for-electricity/

ShrNfr
February 12, 2014 2:20 pm

Well, I do not find this at all surprising. The CAGW loon of Adelaide, Barry Harrop, always left me a little cold too.

4 eyes
February 12, 2014 2:22 pm

I’m from SA. We don’t live our lives around cold here because we have such a pleasant climate so it is not surprising that occasionally less abled people succumb to the occasional cold spell.

Admin
February 12, 2014 2:40 pm

Try to sleep overnight in the cool southern states, in any Aussie house built in the 1930s and you will freeze your nuts off. Why? Because houses built in the 1930s were designed for a much warmer climate.

MarkW
February 12, 2014 3:03 pm

It really isn’t all that surprising, the people in Sweden are used to dealing with cold and houses are built with the cold in mind.
Here in the states, everytime it gets cold, there are always messages going out to check on elderly neighbors to make sure they are alright. I’m sure something similar happens in Sweden as well.

DD More
February 12, 2014 3:12 pm

Pat Frank says: February 12, 2014 at 11:34 am
It’s clear, though, that the Swedish men have a culturally sophisticated approach to cold amelioration, in that they apparently had liberally applied anti-freeze before succumbing.

Not to be confused with the Russians who may have mistakenly thought that alcohol, being lighter than water, would help them float during the excessive heat wave a few years back. It didn’t.

Editor
February 12, 2014 3:38 pm

March 2012 “South Australia’s power prices set to become highest in world says Energy Users Association of Australia
SOUTH Australia will have the world’s most expensive electricity as soon as July this year, energy experts predict. [..] From July 1, prices will rise further when the carbon tax is introduced – and with rises in network charges and additional fees for renewable energy. [..]
?”.
http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/power-prices-to-be-highest-in-the-world/story-e6frea83-1226305741810

Betapug
February 12, 2014 4:26 pm

Having measured the June overnight temperature in my widowed mothers Adelaide bedroom at 10C, I can easily support this. With only reverse cycle ceiling ducted air con as heating, an un-insulated slab floor (in a brand new 1200 sq/ft retirement villa unit) her $700/quarter avg electrical bill, (despite the 3 solar panels on the roof) frightened her so much, she shut everything off over night. She could never get warm during the winter, a factor in her death 2 years ago from heart failure.

February 12, 2014 5:01 pm

Eric Worrall said February 12, 2014 at 2:40 pm

Try to sleep overnight in the cool southern states, in any Aussie house built in the 1930s and you will freeze your nuts off. Why? Because houses built in the 1930s were designed for a much warmer climate.

Don’t forget the cheapest form of insulation back then was firewood. In Sunbury, Victoria in 1965 my dad’s false teeth froze in the mug he’d put them in to soak. That never happened in UKLand even during The Big Freeze in 1962/3.
My neighbour Porky Hay used to sleep on the verandah year round because he said it was too hot to sleep indoors. Temperatures occasionally dip to -5°C here in Southern Tasmania. I never saw Porky wearing anything other than a blue singlet to keep his trunk warm even on the coldest days. How he managed cutting cane in Queensland I’ll never know.

February 12, 2014 5:43 pm

Stephen Richards says:
February 12, 2014 at 12:33 pm

Same in Northern India. If the temperature drops to 10°C /50°F the death rate increases rapidly. It’s called an inability to adapt.

Embrace Natural Selection!

Jeff
February 12, 2014 5:58 pm

““Most of the deaths from hypothermia in South Australia involved elderly women indoors who were living alone, often with multiple underlying illnesses and limited contact with the outside world. Many of them had been dead for at least a day before they were discovered,” Professor Byard says.”
Whether or not it’s because houses, etc. were not built with enough insulation, one thing this makes me think of (in this time of the Beatles’ 50th anniversary or whatever), is Eleanor Rigby. Note that they speak of “elderly women…living alone….limited contact”.
Folks, whether it’s family or not, if you know someone who’s alone or mostly alone, give them a call now and then, see if they’re warm (or cool in the summer), and OK.
You might very well save someone’s life…

SMS
February 12, 2014 6:18 pm

Having lived in Adelaide for a few years, I believe that one of the underlying problems with high power rates is the SA program for getting home owners to invest in solar power. The buy back rate is approximately double the sale price. The difference between the two rates is added back into the overall price of power which is then distributed to all the rate payers. Middle income and upper income wage earners can afford solar power panels and the feedback switch gear in order to keep their power bills down.
The poor cannot. But their power bill keeps increasing to support the solar power program. Everyone lives in their jumpers rather than turn up the heat to a minimum comfortable level. Those on fixed incomes are forced to rug up and suffer through the cold nights.

bushbunny
February 12, 2014 6:29 pm

Well I’m not sure of this. My house is brick and tile, on a concrete slab, and with roof insulation.
But although I have ducted oil heating, I refuse to use it. But we use the winter sun to warm rooms and have just a few small electric fires if it gets very cold. Mainly only for guests who come from Queensland and Sydney. My son and I don warm clothes, and my whippet has a sheepskin coat for winter indoors. As we live on the Northern Tablelands of NSW, our temps are cooler and colder than Tamworth down the hill. At present my thermometer is registering 27 C inside and we have the back door open. In winter the same room drops to sometimes 8 C at night and I have to watch the welfare of my bonsai and indoor plants.But generally it stays around 12 C sometimes when no sun 10C. But we have acclimatized and are not ‘hot house flowers’ . SA is a hot and humid state but we are on a plateau 3,500 ft above sea level in parts, sometimes higher further north of the region. We occasionally get snow but we haven’t seen that for some years other than a shower of it or two. But I will admit some of our pensioners go to bed with an electric blanket to watch TV in winter, as they can’t afford heating. But generally we have welfare groups that will keep an eye on them, I recall that Sweden has very cold weather but their houses have central heating and a friend has just been to UK and Europe and said, it was not too cold, as all buildings and buses etc., are warm. So horses for courses, I have been lobbying for heating subsidies like in UK for pensioners but no avail yet, as only some parts of Australia get minus C in winter. PS. Even though it is hot here and very dry, I sometimes still put my electric blanket on at night. Because after sunset the temps do drop to sometimes 10C even in the summer because of our elevation.

Box of Rocks
February 12, 2014 7:17 pm

ShrNfr says:
February 12, 2014 at 2:20 pm
Well, I do not find this at all surprising. The CAGW loon of Adelaide, Barry Harrop, always left me a little cold too.
****
I wonder if he will ever grace us with his presence or will he just amuse the folks at the Wall Street Journal.
He has even made it into the ‘Urban Dictionary”!

Mark Luhman
February 12, 2014 7:44 pm

Why is that a surprise in the United States the majority of hypothermia deaths come from the southern states not the northern. That been know for years, yes I was surprised when i first heard about it but as I though about it it mad perfect sense. To coin the phrase cotton the silent killer, I only had to wear my cotton thermals once after using polypropylene ice fishing to permanently retire the cotton thermals.

February 12, 2014 9:30 pm

rocket stove mass heater
rocket mass heaters in a nutshell:
heat your home with 80% to 90% less wood
exhaust is nearly pure steam and CO2 (a little smoke at the beginning)
the heat from one fire can last for days
you can build one in a day and half
folks have built them spending less than $20
the verbose details on rocket mass heaters:
This could be the cleanest and most sustainable way to heat a conventional home. Some people have reported that they heat their home with nothing more than the dead branches that fall off the trees in their yard. And they burn so clean, that a lot of sneaky people are using them illegally, in cities, without detection.
When somebody first told me about rocket mass heaters, none of it made sense. The fire burns sideways? No smoke? If a conventional wood stove is 75% efficient, doesn’t that mean the most wood you could possibly save is something like 25%? How do you have a big hole right over the fire and not have the house fill with smoke? I was skeptical.
And then I saw one in action. The fire really does burn sideways. The exhaust is near room temperature – and very clean. The smoke doesn’t come back up because a huge amount of air is getting sucked into the wood hole. Neat! I sat on one that had not had a fire in it for 24 hours – it was still hot!
http://www.richsoil.com/rocket-stove-mass-heater.jsp