Global Temperature Report: December 2013

2013 was 4th warmest year in the satellite era

From University of Alabama, Hunstville.

Dec2013graph (1)

Global climate trend since Nov. 16, 1978: +0.14 C per decade

December temperatures (preliminary)

Global composite temp.: +0.27 C (about 0.49 degrees Fahrenheit) above 30-year average for December.

Northern Hemisphere: +0.27 C (about 0.49 degrees Fahrenheit) above 30-year average for December.

Southern Hemisphere: +0.26 C (about 0.47 degrees Fahrenheit) above 30-year average for December.

Tropics: +0.06 C (about 0.11 degrees Fahrenheit) above 30-year average for December.

November temperatures (revised):

Global Composite: +0.19 C above 30-year average

Northern Hemisphere: +0.16 C above 30-year average

Southern Hemisphere: +0.23 C above 30-year average

Tropics: +0.02 C above 30-year average

(All temperature anomalies are based on a 30-year average (1981-2010) for the month reported.)

Global map for December:

Dec2013map

For the year:

2013map

Notes on data released Jan. 3, 2014:

2013 was the fourth warmest year in the satellite era, trailing only 1998, 2010 and 2005, according to Dr. John Christy, a professor of atmospheric science and director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville. The warmest areas during the year were over the North Pacific and the Antarctic, where temperatures for the year averaged more than 1.4 C (more than 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than normal. There were small areas of cooler than normal temperatures scattered about the globe, including one area over central Canada where temperatures were 0.6 C (about 1.1 degrees Fahrenheit) cooler than the 30-year norm.

Global average temperature

(Departures from 30-year norm, degrees C)

1. 1998   0.419

2. 2010   0.398

3. 2005   0.260

4. 2013  0.236

5. 2002   0.218

6. 2009   0.209

7. 2007   0.204

8. 2003   0.187

9. 2006   0.186

10. 2012   0.170

11. 2011   0.130

12. 2004   0.108

13. 2001   0.107

14. 1991   0.020

15. 1987   0.013

16. 1995   0.013

17. 1988   0.012

18. 1980  -0.008

19. 2008  -0.009

20. 1990  -0.022

21. 1981  -0.045

22. 1997  -0.049

23. 1999  -0.056

24. 1983  -0.061

25. 2000  -0.061

26. 1996  -0.076

27. 1994  -0.108

28. 1979  -0.170

29. 1989  -0.207

30. 1986  -0.244

31. 1993  -0.245

32. 1982  -0.250

33. 1992  -0.289

34. 1985  -0.309

35. 1984  -0.353

Compared to seasonal norms, in December the warmest area on the globe was the northeastern Pacific Ocean, where the average temperature for the month was 4.91 C (about 8.8 degrees F) warmer than seasonal norms. The coolest area was in central Manitoba, near Lake Winnipeg, where temperatures in the troposphere were 5.37 C (almost 9.7 degrees F) cooler than seasonal norms.

Archived color maps of local temperature anomalies are available on-line at:

http://nsstc.uah.edu/climate/

As part of an ongoing joint project between UA Huntsville, NOAA and NASA, Christy and Dr. Roy Spencer, an ESSC principal scientist, use data gathered by advanced microwave sounding units on NOAA and NASA satellites to get accurate temperature readings for almost all regions of the Earth. This includes remote desert, ocean and rain forest areas where reliable climate data are not otherwise available.

The satellite-based instruments measure the temperature of the atmosphere from the surface up to an altitude of about eight kilometers above sea level. Once the monthly temperature data is collected and processed, it is placed in a “public” computer file for immediate access by atmospheric scientists in the U.S. and abroad.

Neither Christy nor Spencer receives any research support or funding from oil, coal or industrial companies or organizations, or from any private or special interest groups. All of their climate research funding comes from federal and state grants or contracts.

— 30 —

Dr. Roy Spencer’s report:

The Version 5.6 global average lower tropospheric temperature (LT) anomaly for December, 2013 is +0.27 deg. C, up from +0.19 deg. C in November (click for full size version):

UAH_LT_1979_thru_December_2013_v5.6

The global, hemispheric, and tropical LT anomalies from the 30-year (1981-2010) average for the last 12 months are:

YR MON GLOBAL NH SH TROPICS

2013 01 +0.496 +0.512 +0.481 +0.387

2013 02 +0.203 +0.372 +0.033 +0.195

2013 03 +0.200 +0.333 +0.067 +0.243

2013 04 +0.114 +0.128 +0.101 +0.165

2013 05 +0.082 +0.180 -0.015 +0.112

2013 06 +0.295 +0.335 +0.255 +0.220

2013 07 +0.173 +0.134 +0.211 +0.074

2013 08 +0.158 +0.111 +0.206 +0.009

2013 09 +0.365 +0.339 +0.390 +0.189

2013 10 +0.290 +0.331 +0.250 +0.031

2013 11 +0.193 +0.160 +0.226 +0.020

2013 12 +0.265 +0.273 +0.257 +0.057

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RichardLH
January 4, 2014 3:17 am

Billmelater says:
January 4, 2014 at 2:59 am
“RichardLH, what do you think is driving the cycle?”
That always has been the question. Given that it is as long as it is, my best guess is that it is an Oceanic cycle. But I am not qualified to answer this really, any answer I give is purely speculation.
I observe the cycle is present. Nothing more.

John Finn
January 4, 2014 3:24 am

Reg Nelson says:
January 3, 2014 at 8:32 pm
John Finn says:
January 3, 2014 at 6:34 pm
From previous post it can be seen that CO2 contributes between 9% and 24% of the total ‘greenhouse’ effect.

Okay, prove that. Can you?
And show me the predictive value of your theory with real world examples, Can you?

There are programs such as MODTRAN which model the transmission of IR energy through the atmosphere. Then there are the actual emission spectra observed by orbiting satellites. These spectra show both the wavelength and altitude of emissions which may be different over different regions of the earth (e.g. arctic and the tropics).
MODTRAN and observations agree almost exactly.

MikeB
January 4, 2014 3:31 am

Badger says:
January 3, 2014 at 7:29 pm
The only CO2 absorption band which is germane to the greenhouse effect is the one at 15 microns. The 4.3 micron band is not important in this context as there is relatively little radiation at that wavelength, either incoming or outgoing.
The Figure 6.3 which you link to terminates at around 14 microns and so does not fully show the effect of this CO2 absorption band, nor does it show the H2O continuum over this region. So your conclusion, which seems to be that CO2 has no effect, is not supported by what you link to.
Adding more CO2 to the atmosphere will produce additional warming. The question is how much, not if. It is generally agreed that, all other things being equal, doubling the CO2 concentration will produce further warming at the surface of the planet by about 1.1 Deg.C. In itself this is not problematic, may even be beneficial.
The argument comes down to ‘positive feedback’. Will increased warming due to CO2 lead to the release of more CO2 from the oceans, methane from the permafrost etc. which, in turn, leads to even more warming? This is what is meant by ‘Climate Sensitivity’; how much will the Earth warm as a result of doubling the CO2 level. This is what the debate is about. It is not about ice melting or sea-levels rising, because these processes started long before the possibility of human cause.
Several papers have been published recently which tend to show that climate sensitivity is lower than the IPCC’s earlier estimates. As a result the latest IPCC report now says,

“No best estimate for equilibrium climate sensitivity can now be given because of a lack of agreement on values across assessed lines of evidence and studies”

gary gulrud
January 4, 2014 3:45 am

Above average, eh? I am beginning to lose all interest in “Global Temperature” regardless of the source.

RichardLH
January 4, 2014 3:48 am

wbrozek says:
January 3, 2014 at 10:53 pm
“On RSS there is no warming for 17 years and 4 months. As to why there is such a big difference between RSS and UAH is a huge mystery. Perhaps UAH is measuring the Antarctic too high.”
Apart from a slight 0.1 offset between the two they are showing basically the same thing AFAIK
http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/rss/plot/rss/trend/plot/uah/plot/uah/trend
http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/rss/plot/rss/trend/plot/uah/offset:0.1/plot/uah/trend/offset:0.1

January 4, 2014 3:53 am

SAMURAI:
re your post at January 3, 2014 at 10:40 pm
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/01/03/global-temperature-report-december-2013/#comment-1523780
You conclude

The beginning of the end of CAGW is near.

I disagree.
The beginning of the end of the AGW-scare was at Copenhagen in 2009 when it was decided there would be no successor Treaty to the Kyoto Protocol.
That decision killed the AGW-scare. I said then that the scare would continue to move as though alive in similar manner to a beheaded chicken running around a farmyard. It continues to provide the movements of life but it is already dead. And its deathly movements provide an especial problem.
Nobody will declare the AGW-scare dead: it will slowly fade away. This is similar to the ‘acid rain’ scare of the 1980s. Few remember that scare unless reminded of it but its effects still have effects; e.g. the Large Combustion Plant Directive (LCPD) exists. Importantly, the bureaucracy which the EU established to operate the LCPD still exists. And those bureaucrats justify their jobs by imposing ever more stringent, always more pointless, and extremely expensive emission limits which are causing enforced closure of UK power stations.
Bureaucracies are difficult to eradicate and impossible to nullify.
As the AGW-scare fades away those in ‘prime positions’ will attempt to establish rules and bureaucracies to impose those rules which provide immortality to their objectives. Guarding against those attempts now needs to be a serious activity.
Your post provides evidence that the scare is fading away as I suggested it would.
Richard

John Finn
January 4, 2014 3:56 am

wbrozek says:
January 3, 2014 at 10:53 pm
Jim Roth says:
January 3, 2014 at 3:29 pm
Can someone please tell me how this squares with the idea that there’s been no global warming for the last 17 yr’s?
On RSS there is no warming for 17 years and 4 months. As to why there is such a big difference between RSS and UAH is a huge mystery. Perhaps UAH is measuring the Antarctic too high.

Or perhaps RSS are introducing a spurious cooling trend by applying an incorrect diurnal drift adjustment. Roy Spencer writes
Anyway, my UAH cohort and boss John Christy, who does the detailed matching between satellites, is pretty convinced that the RSS data is undergoing spurious cooling because RSS is still using the old NOAA-15 satellite which has a decaying orbit, to which they are then applying a diurnal cycle drift correction based upon a climate model, which does not quite match reality . We have not used NOAA-15 for trend information in years…we use the NASA Aqua AMSU, since that satellite carries extra fuel to maintain a precise orbit.
http://www.drroyspencer.com/2011/07/on-the-divergence-between-the-uah-and-rss-global-temperature-records/
I do wish ‘our’ side would stop cherry picking the datasets. UAH is the one in which we had the most trust and I see no reason why that should change.

Unmentionable
January 4, 2014 4:02 am

bazza says:
January 3, 2014 at 2:36 pm
The abc here in australia are obsessed with the hot weather we are getting in qld at the moment.

Hey Baz,
I’ve been in coastal QLD all this spring and summer and I can not believe how pleasant the build-up to the wet-season has been this year. If it were lik this every year I’d be over the moon. I do not remember ever experiencing such a cool pleasant November and December. The temps were about normal or a bit less, but the humidity was unusually low, due to the constant stream of strong highs crossing the bight (there’s one there right now, but looks like it will not make it out into the Tasman). Consequently we had no cloud cover buildups, so drier air with no clouds progressively built into the interior heat level it’s at now. Add a strengthening heat trough that won’t move, and you get this dry heat wave.
It’s only been the past 36 hours where the humidity as finally arrived to match the heat, so it just looks like a very delayed build-up to the wet to me.
But like you I’ve heard constant horror-story heat reports from ABC, but zero discussions of the unusually cool and pleasant conditions we’ve been experiencing up until now. ABC seems strongly biased in its reports, everything is a looming calamity, or a present crisis, or else they say nothing at all about the brilliant weather we actually get almost all the time. Last summer was the same, an extremely pleasant and shortish Summer (not as nice as this time), and the very comfortable winter.
I mean, if this is the end-of-the-world scenario, I hoping we’ll get more of these.

Non Nomen
January 4, 2014 4:07 am

The past 17 years show us that there is nothing to worry about, I suppose. What goes up must come down. My thermometer won’t show that ~ .3° we are talking about. And I can live with higher temperatures pretty well, as mankind ist able to adapt. The IPCC should stop scaremongering, return to its closet and shut the door tightly. I’d be glad to throw the key away.

January 4, 2014 4:09 am

Billmelater:
Your post at January 4, 2014 at 1:32 am provides another example of your pontificating your prejudice before checking the pertinent scientific literature of which you are woefully ignorant.
Your post says in total

Good explanation to explain the increase in the Earth’s temperature. Sixty year cycle. Who ever dreamt that one up should get a Nobel prize for creativity. Still the evidence is getting harder to refute and greater creativity will be needed to explain it away.

Please see e.g.
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/09/09/syun-akasofus-work-provokes-journal-resignation/
It begins by saying

WUWT readers may remember Dr. Syun Akasofu as the source of a graph tracking the Pacific Multidecadal Oscillation with sine wave shifts in global temperature up and down.

As you say, the evidence of the 60-year cycle is getting harder to refute and greater creativity will be needed to explain it away.
Richard

Alan Millar
January 4, 2014 4:24 am

James Abbott says:
January 3, 2014 at 3:43 pm
“Now lets go back to the question.
Rather than use descriptive words (or reference the discredited Monckton) what would be the change in mean global temperature if CO2 was removed from the atmosphere ?”
It would be colder.
Not that you would have any interest in such a result Einstein, as being a carbon based life form, you would be dead along with nearly all the life on Earth.
Now here a few, far more relevant, questions for you to answer in return.
1. What if man had not contributed to the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels, what would the current global temperatures be?
2. Would those temperatures and CO2 levels be better or worse for mankind currently, would there be less of us or more of us?
3. How would plant life be doing, seeing as most higher life forms are ultimately reliant on the abundance of plant life for their existence?
4.. How would global sea ice, glaciers and other potentially ice covered areas be doing and if different, would this be a good or bad thing for life on Earth?
4. What would your preferred level of atmospheric CO2 level be, given that most plant life evolved to take advantage of the much higher CO2 levels prevalent then and are currently relatively CO2 starved?
5. What would be your preferred global temperature and how does Mankind ensure that it is maintained, as you seem to believe strongly that we are currently controlling it?
6. How long do you think Mankind can continue to control global temperatures, if indeed we are currently, as you believe? Please be reasonably specific, which shouldn’t be a problem for you, as you seem to feel strongly that you have a good handle on the mechanisms of this so called control..
So I would like you to answer these questions. They are far more relevant and real than your impossible and apocalyptic question after all. So no doubt you will be champing at the bit to answer, right?.
However, what I expect you will do is run away and not been seen again. However, I think I will keep a track of you and ask you the same questions every time you post your nonsense.
Alan

Avs
January 4, 2014 4:37 am

Well I do sort of agree wid many over here..given the erratic nature of temperature and un predictable climate zones across the globe, coming up with an equilibrium is just like crunching on numbers!

Bill Illis
January 4, 2014 4:56 am

A photon comes in from the Sun at noon on Tuesday. It is absorbed by an electron in a molecule in a rock on the beach.
Then what happens?
What does the energy do? Where does it go? What path does it take, over what time, in how many different molecules does it then enter? How long does it take before it sent back to space? How does that process change when there is doubled CO2? Given how the process changes when there is doubled CO2, how does the temperature of the surface and different layers of the atmosphere change?
A climate model and a theory are supposed to be able to answer those questions. We are talking about the speed of light here, times in nanoseconds, 44 hours, the energy spending time in 8 billion different molecules, atmospheric molecular collision rates of 7 billion per second, radiation physics, blackbody radiation, a spherical rotating planet with an atmosphere, with oceans in space next to a Star, … and then, the Earth receives 1.6×10^40 of these solar photons every day and emits 8.0×10^40 IR photons every day. What could possibly go wrong with a climate model trying to simulate that.

Gail Combs
January 4, 2014 5:08 am

Eve says:
January 3, 2014 at 7:31 pm
Cental Ontario, Canada last summer experienced a non-summer. It snowed on the 24th of May. We had one hot week in July then it cooled so much that I had to turn my heat back on until the last week of August when we had a warm week. Corn would not mature because it was so cold. It frosted the first week of Sept. This was the 4th warmest summer?….
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
I wondered the same thing.
The third graphic (for the year) shows my area (central NC) as neutral but it has actually been cold.
We barely got up to 90F (32 C) for four days this summer and only one day of 95F. We broke cold records this fall and it is a freezing 18F (-7.7C) right now and going to get colder. This is in an area that gets a dusting of snow once every five years and summer temps are normally 90F (32 C) and above often starting in May. For example I count 43 day over ninety F for 2004 by July tenth vs 26 days for 2010, and four days of 98F in 2010 vs nine days of 98F for 2004. We never got one day of 98F this summer.

Non Nomen
January 4, 2014 5:13 am

Alan
IMHO
Ad 1.: It seems to me that actually nobody knows what the manmade and the natural(e.g. „cow fart“) part of CO2 in the atmosphere precisely is and that it is unknown to what an extent and in which way, esp. in which conjunction(s) e.g. with pollen, aerosols, solar activity, soot etc. feedbacks can be expected. Therefore, no way of telling in a way you think of.
Ad 5.: My personal selection of a nice climate would be that of New Caledonia(avg. p.a. 23°C).
Ad 6.: Mankind cannot „control“ neither weather nor climate. But mankind has been very successful in adaptation to the circumstances.

wayne
January 4, 2014 5:21 am

Ian S, Rob… couldn’t agree more with both of you on the topic of the adjustments and error margins, great points made. I find the same though a detailed investigation would be tedious at best, if even possible for one person, for such information is always well buried if even online but it would answer a slew of questions that keep repeating here..

Stephen Richards
January 4, 2014 5:22 am

So – what would happen if we modelled the atmosphere with CO2 taken out ?
This has been done by your global warmng colleagues. The Result : Well the models came closer to the manipulated temperatures than they did with CO² in the runs.

Richard M
January 4, 2014 5:23 am

wbrozek says:
January 3, 2014 at 10:12 pm
Richard M says:
January 3, 2014 at 7:39 pm
1) Has anyone determined what caused the huge January 2013 anomaly?
I certainly do not have the complete answer, but take a look at the following where sea surface temperatures are plotted along with RSS since July 2012. More often than not, the trends are in opposite directions. It seems logical that when sea surface temperatures drop, there is a lot of evaporation going on which takes a lot of heat. And what happens to this heat? The water vapor combines in the atmosphere to form liquid water and the troposphere warms as recorded by RSS.
http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/hadsst3gl/from:2012.5/plot/rss/from:2012.5

Looks reasonable but then that begs the question of why there was such a large amount of evaporation at that time. Any ideas from anyone? There’s a lot of energy involved here and it seems like it would be nice to understand why it appeared when it did and what might lead to future occurrences.

Stephen Richards
January 4, 2014 5:25 am

A photon comes in from the Sun at noon on Tuesday. It is absorbed by an electron in a molecule in a rock on the beach
That is clown stuff. Stupid to the point of imbecilic.

Gail Combs
January 4, 2014 5:31 am

SAMURAI says: January 3, 2014 at 10:40 pm
…With the complete collapse of the EU Carbon Exchange and the total collapse of the wind/solar industry, the market has already decided CAGW is dead. The only things keeping this charade going are leftist MSM and leftist politician propaganda…..
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
In other words the MSM and politicians are providing cover fire while their buddies (Crony capitalists) take our money and running.

Richard M
January 4, 2014 5:33 am

Billmelater says:
January 4, 2014 at 2:59 am
what do you think is driving the cycle?

This graph shows the various warm/cold phases of the PDO placed over the Hadcrut4 data.
http://woodfortrees.org/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1850/to/mean:10/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1880/to:1912/trend/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1912/to:1944/trend/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1944/to:1976/trend/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1976/to:2005/trend/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:2005/to/trend/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1850/to:1880/trend/plot/hadcrut4gl/from:1850/to/trend
Note how every warm phase of the PDO aligns with a positive trend and every cool phase of the PDO aligns with a negative trend. Do you know the odds of that happening by coincidence? Notice the residual trend is less that .5C/century. And, it was warming before this time as well. Even if you completely believe all the adjustments from clearly biased researchers, the warming is not dangerous. In fact, it would be almost completely beneficial to another .4C warming by 2100.
Now consider what might occur if all that warming was simply an extension of the previous warming and it has now stopped. With PDO and AMO on their downward slopes and the sun facing a potential grand minimum, the future could be very cold indeed.

Richard M
January 4, 2014 5:40 am

One more thought. The current sea ice around Antarctica is at record highs. This means the energy that might normally melt this ice is still within the atmosphere. That energy could be the reason UAH is showing Antarctica as being much warmer. And, since RSS does not cover this part of the planet, it would miss it.
People should also keep in mind the reason UAH is not showing the same trend as RSS is because RSS used to show a warmer anomaly. It showed more warming 10-15 years ago which made the alarmists very happy at the time. Many of them attacked Spencer and Christy and clamed they were cooking the books. Now that UAH and RSS have converged it is that warming in the past that is making RSS show a longer term negative trend. Humorously, we now see alarmists quoting UAH instead of RSS.

January 4, 2014 5:41 am

wayne:
I agree the point of your post at January 4, 2014 at 5:21 am, but I write to add two problems which are more fundamental.
1.
There is no clear definition of average global temperature so each team which provides global temperature data provides a different metric calculated in a different way from that which is provided by every other team.
2.
If a clear definition of average global temperature were agreed then there is no possibility of a calibration standard for it, so the true accuracy and true precision of its measurement would not be capable of determination.
At present the data of RSS can only be validly compared to each other and not to data of UAH, HadCRUT, GISS, etc. Comparison of data from the different data sets is comparison of ‘apples to oranges’. And the use of anomalies does not overcome this.
In case you have not seen it, I point you to Appendix B of this item because it explains my points.
http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmsctech/memo/climatedata/uc0102.htm
Richard

Tim Obrien
January 4, 2014 6:11 am

If you tried to argue that your power company was going to explode because the voltage in your wall socket was .19 volts off the 120volt peak of the sine curve, they’d laugh you out the door…

January 4, 2014 6:11 am

Stephen Richards:
At January 4, 2014 at 5:25 am you quote from a post of Bill Illis

A photon comes in from the Sun at noon on Tuesday. It is absorbed by an electron in a molecule in a rock on the beach

Then you reply by saying in total

That is clown stuff. Stupid to the point of imbecilic.

Perhaps it is and perhaps it isn’t.
Please explain your reasoning or address the issue raised by Bill Illis.
At present your post is merely a flaming response typical of trolling.
Richard

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