Guest essay by Eric Worrall
From the “Global Warming Causes More Snow” department comes a claim that the substantially increased risk of maritime embarrassment for scientists trying to sail to the North Pole is the result of global warming.
New research documents a counterintuitive impact of global warming: sea-ice hazards to shipping
Human-caused warming is popping the frozen corks that normally bottle up thick sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, allowing it to pour south
Ships plying the North Atlantic Ocean in spring are facing increased hazards from floating Arctic sea ice as a result of human-caused global warming.
That might seem counterintuitive, but here’s what’s happening, according to a new study published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters:
Warming temperatures are causing ice that normally blocks narrow ocean passages in winter and spring to break up earlier than in the past. Like a cork removed from a champagne bottle, the early break up in these passages is allowing thick, old sea ice to flow south from the Arctic Ocean into the North Atlantic, choking areas used by fishing, shipping and ferry boats.
“Heavy ice conditions along Canada’s east coast during spring 2017 presented hazardous conditions for the maritime industry at a time of year when vessels typically do not need to contend with sea ice,” the researchers note in their paper. As warming has caused Arctic sea ice to shrink and thin overall:
… it has become increasingly mobile. This has contributed to increased ice transport through narrow channels along the periphery of the Arctic Ocean … and increased the presence of thick multiyear sea ice from the High Arctic at more southern locations that have typically not contended with such sea ice.
…
The abstract of the study;
Increasing Mobility of High Arctic Sea Ice Increases Marine Hazards Off the East Coast of Newfoundland
D. G. Barber D. G. Babb J. K. Ehn W. Chan L. Matthes L. A. Dalman Y. Campbell M. L. Harasyn N. Firoozy N. Theriault J. V. Lukovich T. Zagon T. Papakyriakou D. W. Capelle A. Forest A. Gariepy
First published: 15 March 2018
Heavy ice conditions along Canada’s east coast during spring 2017 presented hazardous conditions for the maritime industry and required the Canadian Coast Guard to pull its research icebreaker, CCGS Amundsen, off its scientific cruise to provide ice escort services and conduct search and rescue operations along Newfoundland’s northeast coast. Greater ice concentrations and a thicker ice pack than are typical of this area created the anomalous ice cover. Within this paper we present in situ observations of the ice cover, confirming that pieces of multiyear sea ice from the high Arctic were present within the ice cover, and subsequently examine the transport pathway that connects the export of thick multiyear sea ice from the Lincoln Sea and Canadian Arctic Archipelago to coastal communities in Newfoundland. We conclude with a discussion on how an increasingly mobile Arctic sea ice cover may increase these ice hazards in the south.
Read more: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2017GL076587
Last year WUWT reported how the CCGS Amundsen scientific expedition to monitor Arctic melting had been cancelled due to too much ice.
There is obviously only one explanation which fits the evidence. Bitterly cold Northern winter and more icebergs in the Arctic Ocean. Global Warming is here.
They’ve finally caught on to one of the reasons why there is less ice in the arctic.
The wind blows it around.
Except they had to invent this fictional “cork” that used to keep the ice in.
Perhaps the “cork” is actually a cold AMO? Maybe we’ll find out in our lifetimes.
Human caused? This statement either invokes newly proven facts, or politically-correct, circular thought. I see no citing of breaking proof, so I’m inclined to consider that everything beyond the first sentence is spin. Now to see if there is still anything of skeptic value tt be gleaned from the content…
The cork will pop so hard one day the iceberg will fly out into space and knock the moon out of orbit a new CAGW prediction.
Some years ago NASA (?) released a brilliant time-lapse video (made from multiple satellite photos of the whole Arctic Ocean) showing how huge areas of sea ice are blown around the ocean in response to whatever the wind was doing. IIRC the channel to the North of Russia opened up if the ice gone blown across to the North of Canada and vice versa. It also showed the two (?) channels through which ice escapes south to oblivion, with indications of blockages and clearances. It’s no more mysterious than a sheet of ice in the middle of lake being blown from bank to bank. Winds clearly are the cause. A 0.5 K per century rate of rise cannot!
Prior to the fabrication of Gorebal Warming in 1988, ice rafted debris or dropstones were indicative of cold climate phases…
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/geological-magazine/article/testing-the-climatic-significance-of-dropstones-an-example-from-southeast-spain/BD4116920069362CA62DDF285E32B3A7
Just one more bit of real science that has been sacrificed at the alter of Gorebal Warming.
Hi David,
The paper you cite seems to directly contradict your statement. The last line of the paper states: “In view of this we believe that it is questionable whether dropstones alone are suitable as direct indicators of cold glacial climates” so it would appear that this current
paper about icebergs and the one you mention are in complete agreement and both appear to suggest that your statement is wrong.
Can you make a statement that’s more accute to counter his view, or are you nitpicking the wording of the last sentence to find yourself a cherry?
Actually, Germinio, I like David’s comments about dropstones. The cited article requires user log-in so didn’t manage to read it. As a geologist I have seen both dropstones and till deposits within a stratigraphic succession marking glacial events. Maybe there is a requirement for the geologist to more carefully examine the dropstone environment indicators and rule out other potential factors (kelp rafting?).
Germinio, you totally missed the point of my comment.
Dropstones are occasionally rafted by organic means (driftwood, kelp) or animals (rocks used by birds or reptiles to aid in digestion) or by lake/river ice carried out to sea.
However this is quite rare, and they are relatively easily separated from glacial dropstonesd by the amount of IRD and their condition.
Glacial dropstones are still a prime quality indication of glaciation.
Are you suggesting that rocks are migratory? They could have been carried by a swallow, an African swallow anyway.
@ Tom Schaefer,
Most geologists that I know, including me, are huge Monty Python fans… Coincidence?
@ Ron Long,
While not directly related to the chunks of sea ice discussed in Barber et al., increased calving of icebergs was associated with colder climates and glacial advances because the sediment layers containing dropstones (ice rafted debris) tended to be associated with “Increased δ18O of the northern (Nordic) seas and East Asian stalactites (speleothems), which by proxy suggests falling global temperature (or rising ice volume) (Bar-Matthews et al. 1997)” and other indicators of cooling and glacial advance.
The “funny” thing is that Heinrich published the paper that first described “Heinrich Events” in the same year that Al Gore and James Hansen invented Gorebal Warming (1988).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0033589488900579
The pay-walled paper I linked to in my comment was from 1994. Just six years later, the science was being revised to fit the Gorebal Warming narrative, that increased calving of icebergs was due to Gorebal Warming.
“Are you suggesting that rocks are migratory? They could have been carried by a swallow, an African swallow anyway.”
In principle, yes. Many birds have grit in their crop as an aid to digestion. And such grit/rocks (“gastroliths”) have actually been found in marine deposits. They are usually identifiable by a peculiar silky surface texture and by often (but not always) being found several in a tight group, even when there is no direct trace of the animal itself. And gastroliths from marine reptiles can be fairly substantial rocks:
http://greatcretaceouswalk.blogspot.se/2011/01/why-eat-rock-gastroliths-stomach-stones.html
OK, dropstones are interesting, but here’s another aspect of glaciers that is more readily observable by everyone. As you cross the Sierra Nevada on Interstate 70 you can see bare granitic areas above the roadway. If you walk out through these you will soon encounter parallel gouge marks, some quite impressive. This is from the bed traction wherein the bottom of the glacier has large boulders caught up in it and, as the glacier moves, it gouges the bedrock. Maybe sounded like fingernails on a chalkboard? Screeching glaciers anyone? Might even impress Monty Python.
There are any number of geomorphological markers of glaciation. (Large) dropstones somemetimes have gouges as well. However glaciers that were cold-based i. e. frozen to the ground often leave very little evidence of their former existence except perhaps a very thin till veneer.
Yes. “Global warming” sank the Titanic. Got it.
I think you nailed it!
seems its stuffed up one of your fragile subs though??
https://www.iceagenow.info/submarines-in-trouble-in-the-arctic-due-to-ice/#more-25175
Having actually surfaced through the ice, this report is absolute rubbish. There has to be another reason. All nuclear powered submarines of whatever nation that are required to surface through the polar ice cap have strengthened fins (or “sails” in the USN.
It is not that difficult to surface through anything up to and around 6ft (1.85m). Moreover all submarines (or rather “boats”) have upward looking sounders and can measure the thickness of the ice.
“it has become increasingly mobile. This has contributed to increased ice transport through narrow channels along the periphery of the Arctic Ocean … and increased the presence of thick multiyear sea ice from the High Arctic at more southern locations that have typically not contended with such sea ice.”
uh no…..the wind compacted it on the coast…..there was still plenty of thick ice in the Arctic
http://www.cpom.ucl.ac.uk/csopr/sidata/thk_2017_Spring.png
Surely your image confirms the statement in the paper. You can see a narrow band of thick ice running along the edge of greenland – suggesting it has been transported “through narrow channels along the periphery of the Arctic Ocean” which is what the paper is claiming.
“ice running along the edge of greenland” – “Heavy ice conditions along Canada’s east coast”
…see if you can find Canada on the map
Canada is on that map but Germinio the world has had 68 years of heavy fossil fuel burning and the CO2 has gone up 100ppm in that time. It doesnt look like the ice is going to melt any time soon. So just when will we have runaway global warming. I cant wait for it to happen. I am 67 now almost exactly the same time period .
I live in Canada where my landlord does not like to spend money on heating very much therefore I freeze in the winter time. This global warming that you have been promising i have been waiting 67 years for it. If the ice isnt going to melt the Arctic ocean and it doesnt look like it from that map how in the hell is global warming going to keep me warm in the wintertime?
The thick ice along the east coast of Greenland is indeed arctic ice being carried south by the currents. The Fram Strait (which is anything but narrow) is the principal ice outlet from the Arctic ocean and, no, none of this ice ends up off Eastern Canada. It melts when meeting the branch of the Gulf Stream going up along the south-west coast of Greenland.
The ice coming south through the narrow straits west of Greenland and through the narrow andshallow channels of the Parry Archipelago is quite minor in comparison.
If there was major ice movement from the Kane basin, please explain how come this area, “the North Water”, is always the first to become ice-free in spring.
This story is spin, pure and simple.
RE Geronimo
Tell us something new. This has always occurred in cycles. Barber just needed something to blame after being embarrassed by thick ice while studying “globull warming:
Aye Latitude!
Your picture destroys the alleged researcher, D. G. Barber’s claims:
The Arctic has nearly solid ice cover with a large area of multi-year ice. Ice that gets blown around the Arctic.
D. G. Barber’s claim ignores previous years Arctic ice loss because t got blown out into the warmer North Atlantic.
It’s another case of D. G. Barber using confirmation bias to predetermine results, without evidence or direct observations. Simply invent new excuses for “caused by global warming”, write some confused paper to add those false excuses to the plethora of failed excuses; including Barber’s previous failed Arctic research and claims.
Barber’s research fails to explain why multiyear ice is increasing and why ice thickness is increasing over large areas of the Arctic. Just another green trough parasite trying to obtain more climate cash.
Spout nonsense, blame climate change, utterly fail to explain why it is caused by climate change which is supposed to be caused by a few molecules of CO₂
No, Geronimo. There is ALWAYS sea ice up and down the east coast of Greenland. (Shown in red in your image file.) Every year.
There is ALWAYS some icebergs moving down the narrow sea between Greenland and “the east coast of Canada” but that strait up north (at its narrowest – the only entry into the channel) – is so narrow the early explorers took rowboats across. These icebergs are from the Greenland mountains, so any increase in icebergs down the channel should be treated as an indication of an increase in Greenland glacier ice.
There are almost NO glaciers in the Canadian islands, but these islands that do trap sea ice moving to the southeast from the Arctic due to winds.
Sea ice in this area is 3-5 years old, and does float (obviously) but it is wind-blown against the islands and coast. Even if this floating ice were 3-5 meters thick, the remnants cannot be considered “icebergs”
Dirty rotten icebergs!
It seems sensible that a warming Arctic would release more long-standing ice into the ocean.
Having said that, more icebergs can also be explained by more ice.
Except that at the time they are claiming….everything was frozen solid
…it was the wind
Global warming causes insanity. Even though that sounds “counterintuitive”
In both cases “counterintuitive” means “I’m making stuff up”
Priceless! Thank you!
“counterintuitive” is codename for “I’am very clever” and “you can’t understand”.
The whole thing comes down to:
– ignore your instinct
– common sense is bad, primitive, anti-scientific
The idea that common sense should be suppressed is extremely useful. It means the “populace” (anyone who votes for a “populist”, or anyone who isn’t an academic) cannot question “scientific facts”.
You’ve got the causality backward. Insanity causes global warming.
In the same way I suppose that insanity is hereditary – you get it from your kids !
An ice free Arctic, more ice bergs. More rain and floods, more droughts and wild fires. Warmists have predicted everything and it’s opposite. Well almost… The only thing they haven’t predicted is no change.
“No change” is a placeholder state defined in climate science as a precursor to “It’s worse than we thought!”
All the polar climate research ice breakers and Russian ice breakers in Siberian waters busting up the frozen arctic ocean must be having some effect on diminishing ice. Wouldn’t it be ironic to find out in 10 years that it was the ice breakers all these years causing the ice to melt earlier. Or even a portion of it. Of course the climate scientists would never study that, or even admit to it if they did.
That might be a factor on a microcosmic scale in areas where traffic is significant, but the sheer magnitude of the ice sheet makes that seem very small overall.
When you hear about “disappearing” ice formations in the NH, it’s a good idea to view them on Google Earth to get a geographic perspective beyond that which the snappy young newscaster has presented.
Exactly Pop, like the fabled North West Passage where an Icebreaker cracks it up first. Or off the Siberian coast where Russia has extensive industrial operations, and a fleet of 40 icebreakers that either keep their Arctic passage ways open, or bust it up every spring. It may be a microcosmic effort, but I think has far reaching magnitude of order effect over several decades. But yes, just one of many effects contributing to loss of ice extant in the Arctic. It is all cumulative.
One example of icebreakers causing a magnitude order of effect is busting up the ice closer to the shoreline of the continent, therefore making the annual frozen ice cap disconnected from the mainland, allowing the wind to more easily dislodge the ice and blow it around, perhaps blowing it south into the Atlantic where it melts fairly quickly when warmer currents take it south.
If one looks at the Arctic sea ice chart the difference between the long term max and min in 8M KM^2 but recently it’s been about 9M KM^2. So there could well be more icebergs but how does that relate to AGW as opposed to the AMO and other oscillations?
I think Eric has been given too much oxygen, time for a “guest essay’ from a scientist instead.
It is, after all, their field he’s fouling.
Ad Hom.
How is he fouling?
Note: Above I say how I agree that the paper is not obviously wrong.
I concluded “global warming is here”, just can’t please some people…
As always, you don’t even attempt to deal with the argument at hand.
It’s almost as if you you know that you can’t.
I blame global warming…
Wants To Fail…
Same kind of drive-by tactics they used at UAH last Earthday.
AGW is causing more icebergs off the N America coast then in the past.
Well!! apart from 1912 and the last ice age that is.
Ah yes… Barber.
This is a copy and paste from an earlier post, here;
https://wattsupwiththat.com/2018/03/20/eye-roller-claim-one-year-of-arctic-data-enough-to-proclaim-danger-ahead/comment-page-1/#comment-2769793
GW research canceled, because of too much ice!
———————————-
‘A wake-up call’: Thick, High Arctic ice flowing south thanks to climate change, researcher says
Scientists studied Arctic ice near Newfoundland after planned expedition cancelled due to climate change
After a Canadian icebreaker was diverted from a research mission in the Arctic to assist with never-before-seen levels of ice off the coast of Newfoundland, a climate-change researcher is sounding the alarm about the potential for increasingly treacherous conditions in the North Atlantic.
A team of scientists from five Canadian universities had planned to head out on the icebreaker CCGS Amundsen to study the effects of climate change.
But because of the hazardous ice conditions off the coast of Newfoundland, the vessel was diverted to assist with search-and-rescue operations in the area, helping ferries and fishing boats navigate the Strait of Belle Isle. A Canadian Coast Guard assistant commissioner told CBC News at the time the ice conditions were more severe than anything the region had seen before.
Read the rest here:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/arctic-sea-ice-research-1.4583150
Or the predictive efforts of Dr. David Barber of the University of Manitoba, who claims the Arctic has not been ice free in over a million years, despite the previous ice age interglacial about 115,000 years ago during the Eemian Stage, sea level was about 8 meters higher than today and the North Sea and parts of the Arctic Ocean were 1-2 C degrees warmer than today.
An excerpt from:
https://climatesanity.wordpress.com/2008/12/10/arctic-sea-ice-gone-by-2015-a-challenge-to-david-barber/
“Now along comes David Barber from the University of Manitoba, who estimates that the Arctic Basin will be ice free by the summer of 2015. The Star Phoenix reports:
The ice that has covered the Arctic basin for a million years will be gone in little more than six years because of global warming, a University of Manitoba geoscientist said. And David Barber said that once the sea ice is gone, more humans will be attracted to the Arctic, bringing with them even more ill effects…He said he estimates the Arctic sea should see its first ice-free summer around 2015…Barber has said before the Arctic basin would be free of summer sea ice some time between 2013 and 2030. But their research about recent changes in the Arctic has allowed them to pinpoint the date even closer.
Barber sounds like a smart guy, and was the scientist in charge of a $40-million Arctic research project, the Circumpolar Flaw Lead System Study. He will present his preliminary findings at the International Arctic Change 2008 conference in Quebec. However, his track record for predictions is rather spotty. Earlier this year National Geographic reported:
“We’re actually projecting this year that the North Pole may be free of ice for the first time [in history],” David Barber, of the University of Manitoba, told National Geographic News aboard the C.C.G.S. Amundsen, a Canadian research icebreaker.”
I wouldnt give Barber a grant to build an outhouse never mind put him in charge of 40 million of taxpayer money.
+100!
Draining outhouse contents, would be similar to handling the same stuff Barber spouts. Making BArber suitably qualified for cleaning overflowing outhouses.
Had I made a prediction as poor as Barber’s, I would keep out of the public eye for shame.
“the North Sea and parts of the Arctic Ocean were 1-2 C degrees warmer than today.”
Much more than that.
“…once the sea ice is gone, more humans will be attracted to the Arctic…”
But won’t it be all water? So where wiil they go?
Forgot a Barber prediction – He said the Arctic would be ice free in 2008 – rotten ice.
The guy next door does a much better job of explaining this stuff, and he’s only 4 years-old.
I asked him if he was a climate scientist and he said “No; I’m just 4 1/2 going on 5”.
Just saying…
CO₂ is the AR-15 of gases.
Obvious conclusion: we need stricter iceberg laws.
Let’s outlaw any water vapor in the arctic troposphere. With the Howitzer removed, the AR-15 won’t do much.
At yesterday’s anti-gun march, one young genius proclaimed that if he could buy an AR-15, he could buy a nuclear weapon.
Yea right, every gun store that sells AR-15s, also sell nuclear weapons.
Unless it has the chainsaw bayonet.
Global warming should scare the hell out of those icebergs. If I was an iceberg I would be afraid veryyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy afraid./sarc
It’s a no-loose argument: Warming causes cooling that causes warming, like night causes us to notice day that causes us to notice night.
… typical circular treatment that seems to be the hallmark of the whole global-warming movement [bowel movement ?]
A no-loose argument just has to be tight. (forgive us our eggcorns, as we forgive those who loose them in our direction)
I shudder to think of a circular bowel movement.
I can see this. Just like Global Warming caused the approximately 2300 people to die of exposure in the UK over the past few weeks. And the snow in the Sahara this winter. And the Nor’Easters dumping copious amounts of snow in New England. And the rivers of water pummeling California. And the hurricane stalling over Houston flooding it.
Now we can look forward to Global Warming causing every tornado this Spring. And every drought this summer wherever it occurs. And if it doesn’t rain every three days at my house this summer and I have to water my yard, it no doubt will be due to Global Warming.
Lordy, how much more of this “counter intuition” can these clones crank out without cracking a smile? Has “progressive education” been so successful that the pupes are swallowing this stuff without chewing? Or are people beginning to get the desperate joke? People turned on more lights on “Hell on Earth Day” so fewer and fewer are buying this cold is hot silliness.
How about this, Gary:
“This may sound counter-intuitive, but your elders actually know what they are talking about sometimes…”
Fight fire with fire.
The windblown sea ice avalanche pouring from the Lincoln Sea, into the Robeson channel.
Can’t. It melted in 2015 and the pole is superhot.
If there was major export of multi-year ice through th Robeson channel You would expect the ice there being quite thick, like the old ice going south along the East Coast of Greenland. It isn’t:
http://www.cpom.ucl.ac.uk/csopr/sidata/thk_28.png?ver=1.0
Sound like the Team pulled too many corks before coming up with this nonsense.
But the reality is that, according to the paleoclimate record and the work done with models, the climate change we have been experiencing is caused by the sun and the oceans over which mankind has no control. There is no real evidence that CO2 effects climate and plenty of scientific rational that the climate sensivity of CO2 is zero. The AGW conjecture is based on only partial science. The AGW conjecture depends upon the existance of a radiant greenhouse effect caused by trace gases in the Earth’s atmosphere with LWIR absorption bands. Such a radiant greenhouse effect has not been observed in a real greenhouse, on Earth, or anywhere else in the solar system. The radiant greenhouse effect is science fiction, so hence the AGW conjecture is science fiction.
Will, maybe you should say ‘pseudoscience’ instead. Many of us consider science fiction most entertaining.
Well, the journey was scuttled and they did have to publish something this year. Barber’s arctic sea ice predictions haven’t been very good. He is a devoted alarmist! This must have been a real shock as the Arctic should have been free of multi-year ice by 2012-13-14-15—do I hear 18?
The International Ice Patrol recorded 1008 icebergs for 2017. 19th most severe. Fourth in a row.
https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=IIPHome
Year numbers available-
https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/iip/International_Ice_Patrols_Iceberg_Counts_1900_to_2011.pdf
1008 icebergs is exceeded by 1909 and 1912 without even looking closely.
This is from nearly a decade ago, but no “corks” appear to be present.
The quality of a paper is inversely proportional to the number of authors; in this case 16 authors all wanting to be associated with BS. That’s academia for you – how 16 people can waste the maximum amount of taxpayers’ money.
Wait a minute! You can’t possibly expect the really senior authors to wipe up the leftover S, do you?
Faith is absurd. But for a true believer, the whole world, and anything that happens in it, serves as a confirmation of his absurd faith. Because faith is a state of mind, like schizophrenia, it cannot admit any lack of knowledge, and perceives reality as a projection of disturbed inner self.
I see you have met my ex….
But reality IS a projection of (more, or less) disturbed inner self…
The fact of the projection does not change, only the degree of disturbance…
Post modernists will assure you that truth, or reality, “is a social construct”.
What they fail to understand, is that its not just that.
Any more than a landscape painting is.
Sunrise’s Swansong “https://sunriseswansong.wordpress.com/” has a March25 post with some interesting observations and graphs re ice export and causes thereof eg:-
“During the period 1815-1817 so much ice came south it was described as “convulsions” by whaling ship captains, who noted sea-ice far to the south, off Ireland, even as there were open waters north of Greenland.”
So many people to write a pathetically bad paper. WHY? I used to write mine on my own
Ice mobility. At my age you just love mobility.
https://www.b.dk/nationalt/groenlandsk-passagerskib-sidder-fast-i-isen-paa-sjette-dag
Cruise ship stuck in the ice near Nuuk, southern part of Greenland.
Passengers incommunicado.
Yet another proof of dangerous global warming !
Warmists are desperately trying to prove by any means possible that global warming is still happening. It did actually happen from 1975 to 1998 because of all the CFCs we sprayed and leaked into the atmosphere. These were then photodissociated on polar stratospheric clouds to yield monatomic chlorine, which depleted the ozone layer catalytically. That resulted in increased irradiation of Earth with ultraviolet-B radiation, which, if it could cause severe sunburn and genetic defects, could also cause warming. The Montreal Protocol put a stop to all this nonsense, but unfortunately, it’s still happening, because chlorine destroys ozone catalytically and it has a long residence time in the atmosphere. Logically enough, since the polar regions are where ozone holes develop, greater warming in the Arctic should be an expectable consequence. None of this is due to CO2, which can’t act as a greenhouse gas in Earth’s atmosphere.
CO2, is there anything it can’t do?
Maybe Canadian leaders can use the carbon tax revenue to build more icebreakers. Or maybe all of that revenue is spoken for in the budget for vote buying.
when oil hit $150 a barrel the price of gasoline hit $1.50 a liter. now with oil at $60 a barrel the price of gasoline has come down to only $1.50 a liter.
Much more of this global warming and we’re going to freeze to death….
Chris
scientists predict less ice will cause more icebergs.
taxpayer predicts scientists haven’t really got a clew and make it up as they go along.
Start with a conclusion. Work backwards and rationalize a path to get there.
The new scientific method.
Is the icebound, brand new U.S. warship out yet or was that a low priority item for Ottawa?
It will probably stay where it is until all ice has melted. Even though it could now probably get out with icebreaker assistance it would only take a single good-sized floe to ruin the sonar dome and send it back to the dockyard.