Sea Ice News #25 – NSIDC says 2010 3rd lowest for Arctic sea ice

As I mentioned earlier, I held the WUWT Sea Ice News feature a day so that I could including an expected press release from NSDIC. I’m glad I did. Here it is, including yet another zinger from NSIDC director Mark Serreze. – Anthony

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Oct 4 2010 Arctic sea ice extent falls to third-lowest extent; downward trend persists

This is a press release from the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), which is part of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences at the University of Colorado at Boulder.

This September, Arctic sea ice extent was the third-lowest in the satellite record, falling below the extent reached last summer. The lowest- and second-lowest extents occurred in 2007 and 2008. Satellite data indicate that Arctic sea ice is continuing a long-term decline, and remains younger and thinner than it was in previous decades.

“All indications are that sea ice will continue to decline over the next several decades,” said NSIDC Director Mark Serreze. “We are still looking at a seasonally ice-free Arctic in twenty to thirty years.”

Over the summer of 2010, weather and ocean conditions in the Arctic ranged from warm and calm to stormy and cool. Overall, weather conditions were not extremely favorable to melt, but ice loss proceeded at a rapid pace. NSIDC Scientist Julienne Stroeve said, “Sea surface temperatures were warmer than normal this summer, but not as warm as the last three years. Even so, the 2010 minimum rivaled that in 2008—this suggests that other factors played a more dominant role.”

map with ice in white and land in gray

Figure 1. Arctic sea ice extent for September 2010 was 4.90 million square kilometers (1.89 million square miles), the third-lowest in the satellite record. The magenta line shows the median ice extent for September from 1979 to 2000. Sea Ice Index data. About the data.

—Credit: National Snow and Ice Data Center

The amount of old, thick ice in the Arctic continues to decline, making the ice pack increasingly vulnerable to melt in future summers. While there was an increase this year in second and third year ice, which could potentially thicken over the next few years, the oldest and generally thickest ice (five years or older) has now disappeared almost entirely from the Arctic. This September, less than 60,000 square kilometers (23,000 square miles) of five-year-old or older ice remained in the Arctic Basin. In the 1980s an average of 2 million square kilometers (722,000 square miles) of old ice remained at the end of summer. While the total coverage of multiyear ice is the third lowest on record, the amount of younger multiyear ice has rebounded somewhat over the last two years. A key question is whether this ice will continue to survive over the next couple of summers, perhaps slowing the overall decline in multiyear ice area,” said James Maslanik, a research professor in the Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences at the University of Colorado, who provided the ice age data.

graph with extent on y axis and date on x axis

Figure 2. The updated time series plot puts this summer’s sea ice extent in context with other years. The solid light blue line indicates 2010; dark blue shows 2009, purple shows 2008; dashed green shows 2007; light green shows 2005; and solid gray indicates average extent from 1979 to 2000. Sea Ice Index data.

—Credit: National Snow and Ice Data Center

Arctic sea ice extent on September 19, the lowest point this year, was 4.60 million square kilometers (1.78 million square miles). Averaged over the month of September, ice extent was 4.90 million square kilometers (1.89 million square miles) (Figure 1). This places 2010 as the third lowest ice extent both for the daily minimum extent and the monthly average. Ice extent fell below 2009 and was only slightly above 2008 (Figure 2).

After September 10, ice extent started to climb, apparently signaling the end of the melt season. However, uncharacteristically, it then declined again, until September 19. “The late-season turnaround indicates that the ice cover is thin and loosely packed—which makes the ice more vulnerable both to winds and to melting,” said Walt Meier, NSIDC research scientist.

Arctic sea ice follows an annual cycle of melting and refreezing, melting through the warm summer months and refreezing through autumn and winter. Sea ice reflects sunlight, keeping the Arctic region cool and moderating global climate. While Arctic sea ice extent varies from year to year because of changeable atmospheric and ocean conditions, ice extent at the end of the melt season has shown a significant overall decline over the past thirty years. During this time, September ice extent has declined at a rate of 11.5 percent per decade during September (relative to the 1979 to 2000 average) (Figure 3), and about 3 percent per decade in the winter months.

graph with monthly trend line

Figure 3. September ice extent from 1979 to 2009 shows a continued decline. The September rate of sea ice decline since 1979 has now increased to 11.2 percent per decade. Sea Ice Index data.

—Credit: National Snow and Ice Data Cente

More Information

For further analysis and images, please see the related October post on Arctic Sea Ice News & Analysis Web site (http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/)

For a full listing of press resources concerning Arctic sea ice, including previous press releases and quick facts about why and how scientists study sea ice, please see “Press Resources” on the NSIDC Arctic Sea Ice News & Analysis Web page.

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Source: http://nsidc.org/news/press/20101004_minimumpr.html

Well I hope I’m around in 30 years to look up Dr. Serreze.

Arctic Sea Ice is making a quick turnaround, the DMI 30% graph shows we are now at 2005 levels for 30% extent.

Have a look at this interesting animation showing the quick turnaround in ice extent in September…

Steve Goddard writes:

Blink comparator showing ice growth over the past week. More than 5,000 Manhattans of new ice have formed – one new Manhattan of ice every two minutes.

http://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/CT/animate.arctic.color.0.html

The JAXA 15% extent graph shows a similar sharp turnaround.

…and a close up view shows that we are now slightly ahead of this date last year:

And 80N+ temperature remains close to climatology:

The Northwest passage appears to be fully closed:

So, in a nutshell, things are icing up quickly. 2011 looks to be interesting!

Don’t forget to check status at the WUWT Sea Ice Page.

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jakers
October 6, 2010 10:46 am

Peter Plail says:
October 6, 2010 at 4:59 am
As you say, the outlook is poor for arctic ice if the wind, and not AGW effects, flush ice out through the Fram Straits. Which brings me back to the point, the wind seems to be a major influencer of ice mass in the Arctic, a point which NSDIC doesn’t seem to want to highlight.
NSIDC does highlight wind at times. The thing is, wind can be a major factor but it isn’t always. With daily satellite monitoring, ice getting flushed out the strait is quantified, and it is reported when it’s a major contributor. This summer, very little seemed to be going south.

Tom P
October 6, 2010 11:35 am

jakers,
“This summer, very little seemed to be going south.”
A low wind-induced mass loss is consistent with this year’s minimum volume from PIPS sitting above the linear trend:
http://img121.imageshack.us/img121/9082/icetrend.png
EFS_Junior,
The MATLAB code is here:
https://docs.google.com/leaf?id=0BxwPXzcpaOnPODNhNzVjMTAtNmQ2ZC00MmI3LTlhOTctMThjNTg3ODFiMWVm&hl=en&authkey=CMq6vLYC

phlogiston
October 6, 2010 10:07 pm

The last 3 days of extent increase:
Oct 2-3: 129843 km2
Oct 3-4: 95625 km2
Oct 4-5: 108750 km2
This summers combination of below normal air temps and above normal sea temps, with el Nino ocean heat as usual finding its way to the Arctic, combined with the low extent minimum and large areas of open sea – all combine to put 2010 close to the records in one parameter: the amount of heat lost from the Arctic sea to air / space. This could be close to an all time high.
This contributes to the bigger picture of global OHC decline.

Kiel
October 6, 2010 10:30 pm

I see on JAXA sea-ice extent has now broken through the 6M km2 .
The latest value : 6,015,156 km2 (October 6, 2010)
http://www.ijis.iarc.uaf.edu/en/home/seaice_extent.htm

Tom P
October 7, 2010 2:19 am

Phlogiston,
Where do you think there are “below normal air temps”?
Don’t see much evidence in fig. 8 here: http://www.ssmi.com/msu/msu_data_description.html

EFS_Junior
October 7, 2010 11:40 am

phlogiston says:
October 6, 2010 at 10:07 pm
The last 3 days of extent increase:
Oct 2-3: 129843 km2
Oct 3-4: 95625 km2
Oct 4-5: 108750 km2
This summers combination of below normal air temps and above normal sea temps, with el Nino ocean heat as usual finding its way to the Arctic, combined with the low extent minimum and large areas of open sea – all combine to put 2010 close to the records in one parameter: the amount of heat lost from the Arctic sea to air / space. This could be close to an all time high.
This contributes to the bigger picture of global OHC decline.
_____________________________________________________________
Equation, theory, hypothesis, conjecture, or straight outa Bizzarro World?
The Arctic heats up in the spring and summer, last time I checked. The air, the ice, the land, and the water all heat up
There is net heat flux into the system during the spring and summer.
Where is the direct evidence to support your claim, which BYW, makes absolutely no sense whatsoever.
In fact, if you are talking about the fall winter net heat loss, only time will tell.
BTW, I actually want the fastest freeze-up possible, then have all that ice covered with a few feet of snow ASAP. It’s just a conjecture on my part, as to what this would mean for total Arctic sea ice volume/thickness.
If the PIOMAS numbers are to be believed, than starting out with an average sea ice thickness of ~1.2 metres is not a good thing IMHO.

phlogiston
October 7, 2010 4:44 pm

EFS_Junior says:
October 7, 2010 at 11:40 am
The Arctic heats up in the spring and summer, last time I checked. The air, the ice, the land, and the water all heat up
There is net heat flux into the system during the spring and summer.
Where is the direct evidence to support your claim, which BYW, makes absolutely no sense whatsoever.

The last time I checked, heat moved from objects of higher temperature to those with lower temperature. To most people with a cursory familiarity with thermodynamics or just school physics, it will be self-evident that, if we are talking about heat movement from water to air, then if the air temperature is decreased, and the water temperature increases, then heat flow from water to air will rise.
But that this “makes no sense” to you, in fact, makes perfect sense.
I have noticed that AGW apologists are very similar to door-stopping Jehovah’s witnesses in the method they use to prepare and argue their position. (It is an appropriate comparison since AGW belief bears many characteristics of religious faith – more on this later).
Door-to-door JW evangelists, if you give them the chance to state their case, have a small number of narrowly defined statements of faith and accompanying narratives, which they research in great detail and depth. The key to their arguing skill is to steer the debate onto these few key articles of belief, and keep away from other subject areas.
Likewise your door-stopping AGW evangelists also have their equivalent of the Watchtower tracts, equipping them with detailed argument on the AGW articles of faith, such as Arrhenius CO2 radiative greenhouse warming, computer models of ocean and air circulation built on amplified CO2 forcing, and computer models of glacial and Arctic ice loss. These smart-suited devotees have similar skills in steering the debate onto these well prepared theaters of illusion.
Two topics that are absent from this AGW approved list are the ocean and clouds. But your AGWer is quite content in the belief that neither of these can significantly affect climate.
Thus it is not surprising to see your discomfort and surprise at having to consider a novel and unfamiliar concept such as loss of ocean heat to the atmosphere. If you want a primer on heat moving from hotter to colder things, here is one:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat
I’ve been noticing more resemblances between AGW belief and some types of religion
(it is too narrow to bracket all religion and faith together). Particularly, there is a major category of religious groups characterised by a very negative attitude toward and concept of the physical world. There are branches and sects of all the world’s major religions that despise “mortal flesh” and the physical world as evil and irredeemable, so that the devotee’s quest is to attain a metaphysical destiny of enlightenment, bliss or eternal life in rejection of the world. Many of these religious groups also have an apocalyptic world view of inevitable catastrophic destruction and termination of the world and of physical existence.
This world-despising apocalyptic psycology is strongly present in what we can call the “Messianic AGW” religion. While believing in a past Edenic paradise, the present world is doomed to catastrophe and all human activity is unavoidably contributing to this catastrophe and thus evil.
The scriptures of messianic AGW faith are written largely in computer code, the blessed GCM models which hover ethereally like the disembodied benevolent thetans of Scientology. The devotees of messianic AGW are not generally consciously aware of these religious forms but they subconsciously characterise their world-view. There is always an instinctive aversion to any direct interpretation of climate data or measurements of oceanic or solar processes, but an instinctive affinity for complex theoretic models involving series of assumptions all leading inevitably to the core belief of CO2 forcing just as all masonic forms and rituals lead eventully to the deity Jabulon.
PIO-in-the-sky-MAS is a good example of this. It is quoted with reverence and veneration fitting to an article of scripture. Like the GCM models, it is used in the place of data by climate scientists, emphasising the status of such models as established articles of faith.
PIO-in-th-sky-MAS failed miserably to make an accurate forecast of ice loss in the Arctic this year, as meticulously documented by Steve Goddard:
http://stevengoddard.wordpress.com/2010/09/27/arctic-forecast-verification-3/#comments
A true scientific understanding of underlying causes of variation in Arctic ice extent will require better experiments measurement, not more and more complex modeling based on a few scraps of data. Why cant some-one fly planes over the Arctic every month or so with radar to assess thickness for instance? Then we would have something to talk about. In the absence of such data, elaborate over-complex and unstable models like PIO-in-the-sky-MAS are no substitute, except for those with unconditional faith.

fishnski
October 8, 2010 3:58 am

fishnski says:
October 5, 2010 at 3:07 pm
I’m thinking that we will see a slowdown in ice growth till this weekend when I think it will spike up again (just looking at weather & stuff)..
Anybody CKing out the real time Data?…quite a slow down..huh?

fishnski
October 8, 2010 4:10 am

The Barrow Ice cam is down (since 9/30) & it will be a shame if it is not fixed because I think that we could see ice on the beach very soon..within a week.
Back in 07 we saw ice on the cam oct 19th but it came & went till early nov unlike some years where it comes & stays.

fishnski
October 15, 2010 1:26 pm

Forming right before your very eyes!
http://seaice.alaska.edu/gi/observatories/barrow_webcam