The Trend

By Steven Goddard

Wikipedia image of Europe buried in ice

No matter what happens with the summer Arctic ice minimum, NSIDC will report that the long-term trend is downwards.

Why? Because of mathematics. In order to reverse the 30 year downwards linear trend, this summer’s minimum would have to be nearly 20,000,000 km². More ice than has ever been directly measured.

In other words, we could have a “Day After Tomorrow” scenario, and the mathematical trend would still be downwards.

Conclusion: You can count on NSIDC to continue reporting a downwards trend, regardless of what happens over the next few years. For now, it will be fun seeing what happens over the next eight weeks.

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899
June 26, 2010 1:43 pm

Richard Holle says:
June 25, 2010 at 2:56 pm
899 says:
June 25, 2010 at 9:25 am
If what you say is true, then a mere ‘rewinding’ of history would reveal that matter.
When were the last times such happened in, say, the Medieval —or other— times?
______________________________________
Uranus and Neptune had this last synod conjunction on April 20th, 1993 -179 years would be 1814 -179 = 1635 – 179 = 1456 – 179 = 1277 -179 = 1098 – 179 = 919 etc.
I don’t know what time of year that the Earth passed them then, but I would consider that data important in the actual timing of the peak melt effect.
I just think it is a shame they spend so much time and money looking at CO2, and none in looking at solar/ lunar / planetary interactive effects, because of an unsubstantiated belief that models will forecast better.

If I recall history correctly, 919 was on the ramp-up of the Medieval climate optimum, 1098 was nearing the peak, 1277 was on to the down side, and 1456 was in the valley.
Now, some people will expect that repetitive events of the same type should tend to —or at least— produce near identical effects/results.
What I point out above is that two such events ‘appear’ to have led to a warming, whilst two others appear to have had an opposite affect.
Am I missing something there?

899
June 26, 2010 2:00 pm

villabolo says:
June 25, 2010 at 3:02 pm
899 says:
June 25, 2010 at 12:34 pm
Did they predict Washington, D.C.’s snow storm last winter? NO.
Did the predict Jokenhagen’s snow storm last winter? NO.
Did the predict the U.K.’s COMPLETE snow coverage? NO.
Gee, so far that’s batting 1000.
Why are you cherry picking the areas that where colder than average when they amounted to no more than 10-15% of the Earth’s surface? The other 85-90% was warmer than average. The Southern Hemisphere was blazing hot with temperatures of 122F in South Africa and heatwaves in Brazil and Australia.
The Arctic area itself was 10F above average that winter with most of Canada up to 10F warmer?
“Gee”, you need to get out of yard.

“Cherry Picking,” you say?
Well, you know? I must reply with a question for yourself: Why are NASA GISS et al., cherry picking which weather stations are used, whilst tossing out well over a 1000 other stations which ~are~ properly sited?
Wouldn’t ~you~ find it interesting that your favorite climate guessers are resorting to using such iffy data as that produced by stations sited in the most questionable fashion as to verily call into question the entirety of the whole of the data sets used?
And do tell: Why is that NASA GISS ‘homogenizes’ data sets such as to produce extremely questionable results? All of that, mind you, whilst using data from the worst sited stations they could find.
How is it that all of the warmer sites are used to pervert the end result such as to make cooler sites appear to be far warmer than they really are?
Oh, then there’s this: All of the dire prognostications about the UK becoming a ‘shrimp on the barbie’ never panned out. In fact, quite the opposite happened! But what they hey: WE, i.e., yourself, don’t want to talk about that!
Yeah, and what the heck, let’s talk about the dire prediction of a COMPLETELY ICE-FREE Arctic … Absolutely ~no~ cherry picking going on there, right?

Gneiss
June 26, 2010 2:08 pm

CodeTech writes (and David L says A—-MEN!).
“Seriously, anyone who thinks that a straight ‘trend’ line is what applies here doesn’t really understand the physical world. Where’s the curve? Where’s the wave? Who failed to comprehend the concept of ‘cyclical’?”
OK, CodeTech or David, show those physical scientists who don’t really understand the physical world, who failed to comprehend the concept of ‘cyclical’, what you know and they don’t.
Here are the minimum ice extent data (NSIDC) behind the “trend” in question, which in so many graphs has been summarized by a simple linear model. Show where the curve is, where the wave is. Include appropriate significance tests for improvement over the linear model. And of course, state your curvy, wavy model’s predictions for this year.
year,minimum
1979,8.15
1980,8.04
1981,7.86
1982,8.26
1983,8.36
1984,7.87
1985,7.46
1986,8.01
1987,7.69
1988,7.9
1989,7.92
1990,6.82
1991,7.4
1992,7.86
1993,7.29
1994,7.61
1995,6.68
1996,8.17
1997,7.3
1998,7.49
1999,7.38
2000,7.21
2001,7.47
2002,6.53
2003,6.85
2004,6.83
2005,6.3
2006,6.52
2007,5.36
2008,6.06
2009,6.26

899
June 26, 2010 2:11 pm

Pamela Gray says:
June 25, 2010 at 3:10 pm
In all of this thread, I fail to see even one clearly stated mechanism for exactly how CO2 heats oceans. Warm air, such as you might find with re-radiated longwave infrared will evaporate the top skin off of oceans. Therefore it cannot, I repeat cannot heat the ocean below that evaporative surface.
Tell me how CO2 affects either El Nino’s (frequency or strength) or any other oceanic or atmospheric (such as in the AO) weather pattern variation.

Pamela,
Before you get a logically reasoned and cogent scientific reply from the ones pushing the current theory, it is my considered opinion that we’ll be hearing crickets chirp … for a ~very~ long time!
:o)

899
June 26, 2010 2:37 pm

Phil. says:
June 25, 2010 at 3:55 pm
Pamela Gray says:
June 25, 2010 at 3:10 pm
In all of this thread, I fail to see even one clearly stated mechanism for exactly how CO2 heats oceans. Warm air, such as you might find with re-radiated longwave infrared will evaporate the top skin off of oceans. Therefore it cannot, I repeat cannot heat the ocean below that evaporative surface.
Repeat it all you like you’re still wrong.
PROVE IT!
Got data?
No? Too bad, eh?

DirkH
June 26, 2010 2:53 pm

Phil. says:
June 25, 2010 at 3:55 pm
“[…]
Repeat it all you like you’re still wrong.”
Hey, scientific argument that.

DirkH
June 26, 2010 2:58 pm

villabolo says:
June 26, 2010 at 12:47 pm
“[…]
And other regions “further south”:
Extreme heat wave sets all-time high temperature records in Africa and Middle East

1.) As soon as a skeptic points to a cold record the warmists will tell him that that’s weather, not climate. Which doesn’t stop the IPCC from using the French heatwave as an example for climate change in IPCC AR4. It’s only wrong when the skeptics do it.
2.) Wasn’t a key prediction by the GCM’s that global warming will affect the poles and the cold regions much more than places that are already hot, like Africa?
3.) Thanks for the brainwashing-kids methane video. I like to stay up to date with the sinister tactics of the warmists.

villabolo
June 26, 2010 3:06 pm

899 says:
June 26, 2010 at 2:00 pm
Well, you know? I must reply with a question for yourself: Why are NASA GISS et al., cherry picking which weather stations are used, whilst tossing out well over a 1000 other stations which ~are~ properly sited?
VILLABOLO RESPONDS:
My apologies for not specifying the source of my information concerning the estimates of the percentages of the Earth that was cooler/warmer than usual as well as Arctic temperatures. It was based on NASA’s Thermal Imaging satellites.
They produce color coded maps of the Earth’s heat. I clearly saw the Arctic in two shades of dark red overlapping each other. Those were the warmest colors on the color chart (10F).
The areas that were colder than usual could be seen as a band (the shape varied throughout the season) going around the Earth just south of the Arctic and most of Canada. In the US it began roughly at the Canadian border and went down to just south of Cuba. Then, going eastward, it continued through Europe, Russia, Siberia, parts of China and then came to the southwest area of Canada.
Everything south to the Equator was Global Warming as usual. In the Southern Hemisphere things were blazing hot
Even without this satellite evidence don’t you realize that there are obvious ways of finding out what the temperature is outside of our solipsistic “backyard. DO YOU SERIOUSLY BELIEVE THAT THE WHOLE EARTH WAS COLDER AND IF SO ON WHAT EVIDENCE? And please don’t answer with circular reasoning such as, It was colder in-cherry picked location of your choice.”
In fact, how do you know the areas that were colder than usual? Through the Media? Just do a Google of “South Africa heatwave”, etc. and you’ll see what I mean.

899
June 26, 2010 3:49 pm

anna v says:
June 25, 2010 at 9:10 pm

So, there is an increase in temperature since the little ice age, an increase in sea level and a corresponding increase in diminishing ice globally.
Why is it not part of the natural cycle shown so clearly in the ice core records?
The reason I am interested in whether there is going to be a turning point is because , together with the sun minimum, it may be that this is the next part of the story, and we are entering the next little ice age. I hope not.

Well, you see? It’s as this: The conniving thieves whom are pushing ‘cap and trade,’ want to get that enacted just as fast as possible, and THAT for ONLY ONE reason: They know the Earth’s weather system is in a cooling phase, and the faster the Earth cools, the less chance they have at gaming the rest of us.
So, they cajole, condemn, deride, and remonstrate at every turn. You see? Just as soon as they get that hideous legislation enacted, why then they will commence to declare that =as a result of the legislation= the weather has responded to the limits placed upon the carbon output —even though there were NO limits imposed!
The whole scheme is: Money changing hands.
And of course the sycophants in the ‘green charade parade’ will all thusly declare success, and move on to the next step: Population reduction.

Jim D
June 26, 2010 3:58 pm

How CO2 heats oceans.
Let me try to explain.
Increased CO2 leads to increased downward longwave (infrared) flux at the surface.
How do you think the ocean responds to this change in a major term in its energy budget?
Even if initially just the skin temperature warms, since it is a sustained forcing, this warming has to mix deeper over time: it can’t just stay at the surface because the ocean is not static.
Let me know if I have to explain anything further.

Spector
June 26, 2010 4:02 pm

RE: Trends; Just for Reference
From my personal calculations on the data I have, it appears that the NOAA global ocean surface temperature data can be represented as five linear trend segments:

1880.042 to 1910.792: -10.639 deg C per 1000 years; Start: -0.321 deg C.
1910.792 to 1941.292:  13.403 deg C per 1000 years; Start: -0.352 deg C
1941.292 to 1974.708:  -0.100 deg C per 1000 years; Start:  0.051 deg C.
1974.708 to 2004.292:  14.075 deg C per 1000 years; Start:  0.050 deg C.
2004.292 to 2011.375:  -2.248 deg C per 1000 years; Start:  0.460 deg C.
2011.375: End: 0.446 deg C.

I have no explanation for these trends. My average rms error for this representation is 0.093 deg C and my peak error is 0.31 deg C.

Spector
June 26, 2010 4:08 pm

RE: My Post of June 26, 2010 at 4:02 pm ; Trends
Correction: I see the first segment start should have been be -0.0321 deg C.

June 26, 2010 4:51 pm

DirkH says:
June 26, 2010 at 2:53 pm
Phil. says:
June 25, 2010 at 3:55 pm
“[…]
Repeat it all you like you’re still wrong.”
Hey, scientific argument that.

It’s not the first time it’s been posted and been rebutted, Pamela’s style is to ignore such posts and to pretend they didn’t happen and repost the same stuff again and again.

villabolo
June 26, 2010 4:51 pm

899 says:
June 26, 2010 at 2:00 pm
“Yeah, and what the heck, let’s talk about the dire prediction of a COMPLETELY ICE-FREE Arctic … Absolutely ~no~ cherry picking going on there, right?”
VILLABOLO RESPONDS:
It seems like you’re ASSUMING (no a** out of me) that the ice free summers in the Arctic have been predicted by the majority of Climatologists as happening yesterday. I will say two things about that. First, it’s not true. Second, it’s a moot issue as to when EXACTLY. The issue is that will obviously occur sooner or later.
Do you think that the majority of Climatologists have failed in their predictions about the Arctic melting? The exact opposite is true.
At first the IPCC, notorious for its conservatism in its predictions, pointed to the year 2100. Yeah right. Then, as Climatologists started to do some better predictions, 2050 and 2040 were predicted. Their predictions were too conservative as a result of their not being able to incorporate all of the complex feedback factors.
As satellite images began to show the acceleration of the ice cap thinning, 2020-2030 was settled on. One exception, an outlier by the name of Wieslaw Maslowski, predicted 2013.
From the way things are looking it seems that 2010-2020 for an ice free ice cap during summer is right on. Incidentally, this does not necessarily mean that the whole 6 month long summer will instantly become ice free. It will probably start for a few days out of the season progressing to weeks then months.
As for the issue being moot, I previously stated that it would occur sooner or later. So what if it occurs in 2040 instead of 2030? This is not a game where you make precise bets and end up losing if you don’t get everything right. When it does begin to happen people will wish that they had more time to prepare. But then, if they actually had more time in the first place, they wouldn’t be taking the situation seriously.
Bottom line, the ARCTIC HAS BEEN AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE THINNING AND SHRINKING AS A TREND. The inevitable result is obvious.

899
June 26, 2010 5:35 pm

Gneiss says:
June 26, 2010 at 9:39 am
Anna V wrote,
“The main relevant question is: does anthropogenic CO2 have anything to do with this trend?”
Most scientists who have studied the question think yes, anthropogenic CO2 has much to do with this trend. Not because they haven’t considered alternative hypotheses, which they have. But because their evidence failed to support those alternatives one after another, while it continues to accumulate for CO2.
The WUWT writers and most readers remain certain all those scientists are wrong, I know.

You’ve rather dishonestly left out the qualifier: Most scientists who’ve gotten fat research grants
Funny how it is that ‘money talks,’ don’t you agree?
And no, I’m not being paid anything, by anyone, to express my lone opinion.
All I have to go by is history, what I know to be the truth of matters, and the loud, boisterous clamoring of the funded classes who have it in mind to subjugate the rest of us into serfdom —if not actually the grave— in order to please their masters: The ones pushing ‘cap and trade’ with such a fierce passion that it would easily pass as a religion.
Yes, money does seem to talk quite loudly. The false prophets who will profit handsomely should they succeed, while their ‘degreed flunkies’ will be cast aside like the useful idiots they are.

899
June 26, 2010 5:51 pm

Gneiss says:
June 26, 2010 at 2:08 pm
[–snip–]Here are the minimum ice extent data (NSIDC) behind the “trend” in question, which in so many graphs has been summarized by a simple linear model. Show where the curve is, where the wave is. Include appropriate significance tests for improvement over the linear model. And of course, state your curvy, wavy model’s predictions for this year.
Ice extent …
WHAT do you not understand about QUANTITY of ice?
You know: That part of the ice which DOESN’T melt because of its thickness. It melts around the THIN edges.
Is that something which is entirely irrelevant in your world?

899
June 26, 2010 6:15 pm

villabolo says:
June 26, 2010 at 3:06 pm
VILLABOLO RESPONDS:
My apologies for not specifying the source of my information concerning the estimates of the percentages of the Earth that was cooler/warmer than usual as well as Arctic temperatures. It was based on NASA’s Thermal Imaging satellites.

I am —and remain— unimpressed by anything NASA has produced of late regarding that matter of ‘climate,’ for the simple reason that the lot of it is predicated upon a political outcome, and NOT at all on science.
You may plead, beg, cajole and remonstrate over matters, but in the end nothing has changed over what has been —and continues to be— normal climate variability.
The whole of your tirades is predicated upon convincing others that you are correct beyond reason when in fact you are not.
If we —the rest of us— were to take you at your word, then the UK would have been toast last winter. It wasn’t. IT FROZE!!!
The same with Washington, D.C., and the north of Scotland has had record skiing season.
The weather patterns shifted, just as they’ve always.
Once again: It’s referred to as ‘natural climate variability.’ WHAT do =>YOU<= not understand about that?!?!
Good lord! Somebody call the WAAAAAAAAMBULANCE!!!!
Four million years of weather and natural climate variability have proven your contentions to be specious beyond words!
VERY BIG CLUE FOR YOU: The weather didn't start yesterday, and it ain't gonna end tomorrow!!!
Geez!

899
June 26, 2010 6:37 pm

Jim D says:
June 26, 2010 at 3:58 pm
How CO2 heats oceans.
Let me try to explain.
Increased CO2 leads to increased downward longwave (infrared) flux at the surface.
How do you think the ocean responds to this change in a major term in its energy budget?
Even if initially just the skin temperature warms, since it is a sustained forcing, this warming has to mix deeper over time: it can’t just stay at the surface because the ocean is not static.
Let me know if I have to explain anything further.

That is so hideously wrong as to be hilarious beyond belief!
See here: The Vostok ice core data reveals that as the atmospheric temperature rose, the CO2 followed.
Now, if there were no other sources of CO2, then the only possibility left is that the CO2 vacated the oceans as their temperatures rose.
At some point the atmospheric temperature began to drop, but the CO2 in the atmosphere remained the same.
But later, after the atmospheric temperature continued to drop, the atmospheric CO2 began to drop.
The only logical conclusion is that the CO2 was absorbed back into the cooler oceans.
IF —as you are wont to say— that CO2 in the water will raise the water’s temperature, then WHY didn’t the oceans RE-RELEASE their CO2 in response to the Sun’s IR striking the oceans?
Instead, the oceans continued to absorb the atmospheric CO2 without incident.
Your theory then, fails to account for what happened in the past.

Gail Combs
June 26, 2010 6:51 pm

Ian W says:
June 25, 2010 at 4:00 am
Hypnos says:
June 25, 2010 at 2:36 am
That’s because it’s true. Three years does not a trend make. The system fluctuates. Just eyballing the graph you posted, the current “recovery” could be just like the one from 1990 to 1992.
More importantly – 30 years does not a baseline make.
Many reports of similar fluctuations in recent human history – but no just look at this small snippet and project and interpolate from that. This is unscientific to a degree that makes it look deliberate.
______________________________________________________________
Given vukcevic’s graph of the Hudson bay area it is deliberate.
http://www.vukcevic.talktalk.net/NFC1.htm
Also if you look at the temperature trend throughout the holecene the general trend is DOWN Since the Bronze age not up and now “We summarize recent findings about periodicities in the solar tachocline and their physical interpretation. These lead us to conclude that solar variability is presently entering into a long Grand Minimum, this being an episode of very low solar activity, not shorter than a century…Based on the above mentioned methodology and by using new data for the geomagnetic aa index we foresee that a Grand Minimum is immanent. Thus, a prolonged period of relative global cooling is forecasted.
To really put our present temperature in perspective: See the Vostok Ice Core Temperature data That is why Geologists generally have problems believing in CAGW.
Since “Climate Scientists” have access to these graphs and data the constantly broadcasted claim that the present warm period is “unprecedented” is an outright fib.

June 26, 2010 7:20 pm

Jim D
Heating of the oceans is controlled by SW radiation, not LW radiation. An extended period of cloudiness cools the oceans, in spite of higher amounts of LW coming down from the clouds.

Jim D
June 26, 2010 7:35 pm

stevengoddard,
Note that without downward longwave, the surface would cool dramatically (e.g. clear nights have reduced downward longwave). It amounts to hundreds of W/m2, and is comparable to solar especially in polar regions. It is definitely a major part of the budget. Also clouds are temporary, CO2 is permanent.

Jim D
June 26, 2010 7:46 pm

899, I am not saying anything that contradicts what you would learn in undergrad physics. There should be no surprises. This is about the energy balance, not Ice Ages. Temperature can lead or lag CO2, no problem, easily explained. Also, I was referring to CO2 in the atmosphere. Sorry I wasn’t clearer, but I thought that was the original question.

Pamela Gray
June 26, 2010 9:14 pm

JimD, LW cannot penetrate much beyond surface tension and wave action plus evaporation removes any heat added by LW anyway. The ONLY way oceans cool or warm has to do with wind and SW infrared. I believe that the AGW camp understands this as well. LW heating of the oceans cannot be modeled because there is no mechanism or mathematical construct for it. The properties of both LW and water surface tension rules out all possibility of LW being responsible for oceanic SST changes.

899
June 26, 2010 9:18 pm

Jim D says:
June 26, 2010 at 7:35 pm
stevengoddard,
Note that without downward longwave, the surface would cool dramatically (e.g. clear nights have reduced downward longwave). It amounts to hundreds of W/m2, and is comparable to solar especially in polar regions. It is definitely a major part of the budget. Also clouds are temporary, CO2 is permanent.
Oh? Really now?
Clouds are ‘temporary’ but CO2 is permanent …
Well, hey: That’s NOT what the Vostok ice core data tells us!
DO TELL: Which of the two has a GREATER affect on the amount of relative heat?
Does CO2 evaporate here on Earth?
Does CO2 condense and precipitate here on Earth?
Does CO2 form oceans here on Earth?
Which —between H2O and CO2— has the GREATEST effect on weather here in Earth?

anna v
June 26, 2010 9:42 pm

Since the concept of backradiation is being discussed, it is time to show again this nice free energy oven:
http://www.vermonttiger.com/content/2008/07/nasa-free-energ.html
As a physicist I find a lot of hand waving obscurities in climate “science”.
One is all this back radiation business, which mixes the quantum mechanical, quantum statistical mechanical, and classical thermodynamic pictures in an ad hoc manner, as if baking a cake. Paradoxes occur when axiomatic system are confused, and thus we get the oven paradox.
Thermodynamics gives us tools to calculate what happens in mixtures of gases. Engineers use it and design with great precision engines and their environments.
If you change the composition of a gas you are changing its heat capacity, that should be enough to calculate what is necessary. The concept of heat capacity does not care in classical thermodynamics which molecule is playing ball with what photon. The total effect of the microscopic quantum activities are to change the heat capacity of the gas, and we live in the macroscopic world.
In the links I provided above it is evident that the contribution of hydrocarbon burning is not the prime mover of the temperature rise since the little ice age, the sea level rise, and hence the diminution of ice in the arctic. You cannot have effect precede the supposed cause by 100 years. http://www.oism.org/pproject/s33p36.htm , figs 11, 12.
In addition: catastrophic temperature rises due to CO2 doubling are given only by models.
These models have failed to reproduce:
1) the cloud cover. ( see AR4, they are all over the globe wrong)
Considering that a 2 percent change in albedo over compensates for this observed change in temperature since the little ice age, this is an extremely important failure.
2) they fail to reproduce the absolute temperature, that is why they are playing card games with anomalies of temperatures. The failure is larger than the anomalies predicted.
http://rankexploits.com/musings/2009/fact-6a-model-simulations-dont-match-average-surface-temperature-of-the-earth/
The exact same runs that average so nicely on the global anomaly measurements.
3)They predict a tropical hotspot that has not materialized
http://icecap.us/images/uploads/GHGModsvsReality.jpg
4) they predict a rise of sea surface temperatures that have not materialized. Since 2005 the famous CO2 effect cannot change the SSTs, though CO2 is merrily rising still.
http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/3M_HEAT_CONTENT/
5) the sensitivity of the atmosphere to the water content is the opposite of that given by the models
file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/user/My%20Documents/IPCC/www.drroyspencer.com/2010/05/strong-negative-feedback-from-the-latest-ceres-radiation-budget-measurements-over-the-global-oceans/
http://www.drroyspencer.com/Lindzen-and-Choi-GRL-2009.pdf
One error throws out a hypothesis and sends the true scientist back to the drawing board.
Note, I stress true scientist.
As I said before, there is less ice than there used to be during the Little Ice Age, and we are lucky. Lets hope our luck keeps up. CO2 has little to do with the case.