NOTE: there are some animated GIF’s in this post that may take time to fully load. Patience please.
By Steve Goddard
Monday’s NSIDC Arctic ice extent graph took a turn downwards, and is now showing 2010 a little more than 500,000 km2 higher than 2007. The animation below shows the change from May 1 to May 2.
By contrast, NORSEX shows something very different for May 2. They have no downwards turn, their ice extent measurement is right at the 1979-2006 average, and they show 2010 extent more than 1,000,000 km2 above 2007.
In order to look at this closer up, I superimposed the NORSEX 2010 data (red) on the NSIDC 2010 data (blue) at the same scale, and normalised to 2010, and saw some interesting things. The first problem is that they started to diverge right around the first of April, and as of May 2 they disagree by nearly 500,000 km2.
The next image shows that the X-Y scaling is identical (but normalised) in the two graphs. The grid is from NORSEX. Other colors (besides red) have been removed through chroma keying.
The second discrepancy is that the two sources show a large difference in growth since 2007. The image below normalizes the 2007 data – with identical horizontal and vertical scales. Using this view, NORSEX shows twice as much ice growth as NSIDC since 2007.
The animation below begins normalised to 2010 and finishes normalized to 2007. This technique does not show that either source is in error or has changed their data, rather the animation is done by me to enhance visualization.What it does show is the significant differences between the two records.
I believe that both groups use SSMI so it is difficult to understand what the problem is. Last year we saw something similar. NORSEX has a history of making adjustments in mid-season, so my sense is that NSIDC is probably more accurate. Any ideas from readers?






Smoothing doesn’t cause divergent trend lines.
Yeah I know, but what else they gonna call em? ‘hide the lack of decline’ functions?
This is a question I have never once seen brought up before. For many many years, I have seen the question about the June blip on the ice chart. And I have seen it patiently explained many many times. Since the june blip is explained by a change in algorythm each year on that date, that implies to me that they change the algorythm back on some other day. My question is…why is there not two blips per year?
In relation to this comment:
If you are referring ot the IJIS Website extent linked on this website on the side panel, there is both an explanation and has been pointed out that there are two blips:
The second blip is there, however while the first one is a slight bump making it stand out, the second is a slight leveling off and is harder to see unless you know exactly the date to look for.
When there is a positive AO most ice is transported out of the arctic through the Fram Strait. I think I’ve seen animations on this website showing the movement of the ice (quite psychedelic I remember).
Given the strong negative AO that’s existed this year, and the fact that weather rotates in the opposite direction, does anybody know if the transport of ice is any different?
I’d also like to see some sort of analysis of wind, especially this year. Ice concentrations in the central Arctic ocean area look unusually high and stable this winter using Cryosphere Todays comparative tool.
I’ve seen animations on this website showing the transport of ice out of the Fram Strait. Given that the AO index has been strongly reversed this year I was wondering if anybody knows whether ice transport is affected.
I ask because using Cryosphere Todays comparative tool it looks like ice concentration in the central part of teh Arctic Ocean is quite high and seems fairly stable through this winter.
I’d also be interested in knowing whats going on with regerd winds and storms given the change in the AO index.
Just some things i’ve been thinking about recently, any help would be appreciated.
Maybe ALL the polar bears got out of the water at the same time causing the big drop!
Tim
HR,
The -AO does help hold the ice in as opposed to the +AO conditions. This is one reason I think we’re likely to see a rebound again on the minimum extent. The AO rose back to around neutral for a good chunk of March and early April, but then fell back negative for the latter half of April. But more importantly, the winter time AO was massively negative and that seems to have a larger correlation with year to year minimums than the temperatures. There’s still other factors that could prevent a rebound such as an extremely anomalous wind pattern that brings both warmth and accelerates ice through the Fram Straight which is what likely helped the 2007 minimum get as low as it did in addition to that 2006-2007 hugely +AO in the winter leading up to that fateful summer.
People are tracking each fluctuation this spring in the ice extent, but it doesn’t mean much as there is a bottleneck in ice extent for all years in late May and early June. Unless we see an obvious outlier from that bottleneck this year, then the real tracking will not begin until late June or July. The extreme -AO this past cold season has kept more multi-year ice in the Beaufort Sea and adjacent Arctic basin than any of the past few years which is why I (and some others who may have mentioned this) are arguing for a decent chance at another increase. A lot of ice was caught up in the Beaufort Gyre this past winter.
But as mentioned before, there’s always other factors to consider, and if they conspire enough against the more dominant -AO factor, then we could see it negated and a drop this year from 2009.
Thrasher says:
May 4, 2010 at 8:38 pm
HR,
The -AO does help hold the ice in as opposed to the +AO conditions. This is one reason I think we’re likely to see a rebound again on the minimum extent.
Except that the actual observations this spring show that the flow out of the Fram has been strong not ‘held in’.
The extreme -AO this past cold season has kept more multi-year ice in the Beaufort Sea and adjacent Arctic basin than any of the past few years which is why I (and some others who may have mentioned this) are arguing for a decent chance at another increase. A lot of ice was caught up in the Beaufort Gyre this past winter.
Again the observations contradict this, multi-year ice has been broken up and pushed out of the gyre into the trans-polar drift.
Haven’t see Rush Limbaugh speaking to the fact that the arctic sea ice is now below last year’s level, yet he was so quick to report on the March “bump up” and touted the sea ice was still growing in early April when the winter maximum had been reached on the last day of March. What gives? Could he be biased? 🙂
REPLY: I dunno, could you be?
@george E. Smith “well I guess uranium is only 18.95 ; so i guess it would just float like a feather for ages, in the atmosphere”
Yep. Half life for ordinary dust is about 1 year at 20 km altitude. Depends how high up it goes and how small the particle size it is. Likewise it depends on what the U is in – if in iron ore particulates, or in dirt (we also had a few big dust storms late last year), then the specific gravity of the particles is a lot lower, so they’d stay up longer.
Phil,
I’d need to see good evidence of your claim before taking it to heart. You might be right, but I have a hard time believing that one month of neutral AO conditions negated a record -AO winter which was 3 months. The report from the NSIDC said that the flow of ice out of the Fram Straight increased in March compared to February…but that is not saying much since February had such little flow out of the Fram Straight…so of course there was an increase. But overall, I didn’t see anything like the flushing that occurred in 2007, 2008, or even 2009 (which was definitely less than the 2 prior years….coincidence that the ice extent increased again?).
You’ll have to provide me a good source of multi year ice that shows that March brought us all the way back down to levels seen in 2008 before I take your claims seriously. This is not a knock on you, but just simple quality check on data claims. Its almost impossible impossible for multi year ice that got caught up in the Beaufort Gyre in February to be flushed out of the Fram Straight by now…it doesn’t work that fast which is likely why the hugely -AO winters have produced higher extent minimums like 2001 and 1996. There are other factors too, but assuming those are fairly “normal” this summer, then we’ll expect a bump back up in extent.
The beauty of this debate is we do not need to wait a decade to see the results, we just need to wait a couple months to see the wind patterns and the ice extent numbers to see what it happening. And no, I don’t think that volume graph from UWAS is very reliable since its a model and not an observation. But regardless, we’ll find out soon enough…I think roughly 3 months time we’ll know about the state of this year’s ice.
R. Gates:
Please continue your posts about this year’s ice issues. As I have mentioned before, I am struck by the absoluteness of your projections based upon near term data.
Please let us collectively know if you have considered longer term natural temperature variations as part of your prognostications. I’m referring to the loss of ice in the late 30’s – early 40’s (as pointed out by Anthony’s most recent post on this topic http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/05/02/catastrophic-retreat-of-glaciers-in-spitsbergen/#more-19179) as well as the early 1900’s, not to mention our 20 + periods of glaciation, as part of the current ice age, going back 2.5 million years.
Early humans please admit your role in these flagrant climate changes and flagrant CO2 changes.
I’ve asked this before, and I patiently await your response.
There are several problems associated with the current satellite sea ice measures, apart from sensor degradation. The raw data from the sensor is processed multiple times before the final graph is produced and each process step involves assumptions about what the the expected result should be. Particular problems exist at the fractal sea/land boundary, and during the annual melt season, when liquid water on the surface of the ice distorts the results.
As in many thing related to climate metrics, none of the production sea ice area and extent graphs are absolute metrics, rather they are best estimates of what is happening in a highly chaotic, multi-variant system at a moment in time. No surprise, perhaps, when differences to the various estimates disagree.
I also own two wrist watches, one of them does not run, but it is perfectly accurate,twice a day. There is nothing that man measures accurately, it is always a guesstimate. One can only be sure that something exists by bumping into it physically. The Arctic ocean ice, waxes and wanes, history is full of less and more ice. The arctic is not a barometer, it is subject to many nefarious variations, for the fact that the north pole, is not land based. AGW retoric on the waning of the Arctic ice is nonsense. The creeping southward of the cold would be great concern, not the creeping north of warm. Proving the Arctic is warming would be a bonus to all mankind.
Thank you for your blog Anthony and to all those with real knowledge who have stopped the propaganda on the global stage. The next step is for all like myself to stop the brainwashing of children in our schools by the useful idiots. Wayne
NORSEX baseline is 1979-2006…NSIDC uses 1979-2000.
Nick
Using a different baseline causes offset, not divergence. Normalisation corrects the differences in offset.
I ain’t no genius but having worked as a Test Engineer in high end technology I will postulate that a single sensor reading with multiple corrections will pick up an error tolerance (in ALL circumstances) of at least 3%. I believe ice data is ‘measured’ by pixel count? Best guess at such a ropey technique 5%. So you are studying noise. Fascinating how it goes up and down and down and up and up and up and down.
Suggest you stick the alarmists in a canoe and tell them to paddle the Northwest Passage this summer. Should have a very pleasant and quiet winter without them.
They’re leaving out the flippy-floppy ice, of course.
“”” Bruce of Newcastle says:
May 4, 2010 at 10:57 pm
@george E. Smith “well I guess uranium is only 18.95 ; so i guess it would just float like a feather for ages, in the atmosphere”
Yep. Half life for ordinary dust is about 1 year at 20 km altitude. Depends how high up it goes and how small the particle size it is. Likewise it depends on what the U is in – if in iron ore particulates, or in dirt (we also had a few big dust storms late last year), then the specific gravity of the particles is a lot lower, so they’d stay up longer. “””
I believe the post said that “lots of depleted Uranium” had been blown up into the atmosphere. Would you explain how it is that depleted Uranium becomes entangled with iron particles ?
Thrasher says:
May 4, 2010 at 11:12 pm
Phil,
I’d need to see good evidence of your claim before taking it to heart. You might be right, but I have a hard time believing that one month of neutral AO conditions negated a record -AO winter which was 3 months. The report from the NSIDC said that the flow of ice out of the Fram Straight increased in March compared to February…but that is not saying much since February had such little flow out of the Fram Straight…so of course there was an increase. But overall, I didn’t see anything like the flushing that occurred in 2007, 2008, or even 2009 (which was definitely less than the 2 prior years….coincidence that the ice extent increased again?).
To see something you first have to look for it, where have you been looking? I’ve posted on here showing flow out of the Fram since at least January and what was in this month’s NSIDC report agrees with what I posted here.
A factor in the 2007 loss of multi-year ice (particularly the oldest) was the early opening of the Nares strait and the outflow through it. Well that happened again this year but the ice to the north is much more fragmented than in 2007 so if anything the loss of multi-year ice via that route will be higher this year.
Composite showing the Nares strait over the last 4 days:
http://i302.photobucket.com/albums/nn107/Sprintstar400/NaresMay2010.jpg
Comparison from May 2007 (note the lack of fragmentation):
http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/realtime/single.php?2007124/crefl1_143.A2007124192500-2007124193000.500m.jpg
It’s not a coincidence that the extent increased because that was inevitable with the outflow of ice through the Fram and also into the Barents sea, note that the area did not increase at the same time.
You’ll have to provide me a good source of multi year ice that shows that March brought us all the way back down to levels seen in 2008 before I take your claims seriously. This is not a knock on you, but just simple quality check on data claims. Its almost impossible impossible for multi year ice that got caught up in the Beaufort Gyre in February to be flushed out of the Fram Straight by now…it doesn’t work that fast which is likely why the hugely -AO winters have produced higher extent minimums like 2001 and 1996. There are other factors too, but assuming those are fairly “normal” this summer, then we’ll expect a bump back up in extent.
The multi-year ice normally resident on the Canadian archipelago coastline has continued to be flushed through the Beaufort gyre and out into the transpolar flow where it will either melt or be pushed out of the Fram. It’s been replaced by 2 or 1 year old ice, hence thinning in the only region where thick MY ice remains.
This is shown very clearly in Steve Goddard’s post: http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/04/28/disconnected-computer-modeling/
The same image shows the outflow of the MY ice to the north of Greenland through the Fram.
So we have conflicting data. This does not surprise me. Techniques for measurement of climate change are inadequate. Sure, the climate will change; it always has, especially through this last ice age. But if we don’t have hard data, predictions are futile. Combine that with our lack of knowledge of how the climate is driven and our predictions are little better than guesswork. Given the past record of climate, all we can say with some reasonable confidence that the next Ice Age is heading towards us. Will it be in this century or in the next 500 years or maybe not for a couple of thousand years? We don’t know but my bet is that it is coming. What happens in the immediate future will have no real impact – we can adapt to a slightly warmer world. Adapting to an Ice Age will be a serious problem.
Policyguy says:
May 4, 2010 at 11:46 pm
R. Gates:
Please continue your posts about this year’s ice issues. As I have mentioned before, I am struck by the absoluteness of your projections based upon near term data.
——
I have no problem remaining completely behind my projections that this year’s summer sea ice minimum will fall below 2008 & 2009, but not quite as low as 2007. I have stated that 4.5 million sq. km. will be about right (based on JAXA data), which would put it just slightly higher than 2007. I base this on:
1) The warmth of the arctic winter
2) The negative AO index during much of the winter which caused the warmth and forced a lot of the cold south out of the arctic to places like Florida for example
3) The low sea ice volume (even the multi-year ice ice thinner than normal
4) Projected record warmth during the heart of the melt season
5) The end of the solar minimum
Thrasher says:
May 4, 2010 at 11:12 pm
Phil,
I’d need to see good evidence of your claim before taking it to heart.
Well I did put together a detailed post in response together with some graphics, but as happens frequently these days it didn’t make it through.
http://i5.photobucket.com/albums/y197/meemoe_uk/aprilaverages-1.gif
[Note: Image tags removed. There is no need for IMG tags to post links, and they make the link un-clickable. ~dbs]