Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach
Dramatis Personae:
The “EIA” is the US Energy Information Agency, the US agency in charge of data about energy production, consumption, and use. It has just released its January 2014 Short Term Energy Report, with current and projected oil production figures.
And “M. King” is Marion King Hubbert, the man who famously predicted in 1956 that US annual oil production would peak in 1970, and after that it would gradually decrease.
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So why is the King meeting the EIA? Figure 1 shows why.
Figure 1. US crude oil production. Data from 1965 to 2013, projections for 2014 and 2015. As is customary, “crude oil production” includes what are called “natural gas liquids”. Data from the BP Statistical Review of World Energy and the EIA.
Now me, I see that as a testament to human ingenuity, as fantastic news for the planet, and as another example of the futility of betting against said ingenuity. As my dear dad used to say, “Imagination is free.”
I don’t really have much more to say about this great news, other than I see it as a huge opportunity for the poor. The implications are clear. Cheap energy is the salvation of the poor, and this can only be good news for them … not to mention good news for the rest of us as well.
Best regards,
w.
PS—Folks, don’t bother telling me it is “unconventional oil”. That is a meaningless distinction, invented by supporters of Hubbert’s peak oil theory, to try to salvage Hubberts moribund claims. For example, when fracking was done in vertical wells for fifty years, it was counted as “conventional oil” … but now that the drilling is done horizontally, suddenly fracking produces “unconventional oil”. And given that for many centuries oil was collected from surface seeps, in historical terms all modern oil production is “unconventional”. See my post Conventional Wisdom, Unconventional Oil for a full discussion.
PPS—If you disagree with something that I or someone else said, please QUOTE EXACTLY WHAT THE PERSON SAID in the comment where you discuss your objections. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve been attacked over things that I never said … so quote it if you want to discuss it. I’m going to get more hard-headed on this one, I’m tired of picking spitballs off the wall. I’m happy to defend my words if I know which ones you are talking about … but I can’t defend your interpretation of my words. Quote it or lose it.
Availibility is no problem. The short term problem might be that the exploration rate is able to meet the demand. At the moment there is still a lot of opposition to allow fracking.
Fracking is invigorating the US economy by providing abundant, relatively cheap, energy. While not inexhaustible, tracked gas and oil resources in the US will last for centuries and has the strategic benefit of no longer needing to kowtow to the demands and blackmail of those who live in the lands of sand and camels.
Fracking is the economic vaccine, or antidote, to goofy alarmist policies.
So America has shown the way. Fracking is hugely beneficial and the nonsense alarmist claims of associated earthquakes and groundwater pollution have been demonstrated to be be grossly exaggerated.
So now let’s turn to Europe and its geriatric approach to anything which makes economic and environmental sense, it has decided to heed the voices of the ecoloons and make the lives of those who wish to provide cheap and reliable energy, through fracking, as difficult as possible.
So Europe will continue its decline as it smugly watches a resurgent America, happy to strut its supposedly green credentials and tut tutting about how much wiser it is for the planet to depend on unreliable expensive wind power than cheap, reliable oil and gas from fracking. Most (not all) European countries have huge untapped resources of oil and gas shales.
It is no coincidence that those people who oppose fracking and cheap reliable energy are the same as those who support expensive unreliable wind energy. Americans rightly complain about the ecoloon policies of its EPA , but these are relatively benign compared to those of the European Union.
So America, it will not be long before Europe comes cap in hand to you seeking the equivalent of a new Marshall Aid Plan.
Given technology can convert between light and heavy hydrocarbons, and even sythesise oil, and further given that there is a moon of Jupiter that has oceans of methane, my guess is we wont run out of the stuff for hundreds of thousands of years
Simon’s name is the one to mention here – as it has been further up, for all that the miserabilists tried to brush it out of history.
I think we are approaching resource shortage from the wrong angle. As was also mentioned earlier, we currently know that hydrocarbon liquids are a good way to store portable energy. Therefore, so long as we use hydrocarbon-powered vehicles, for instance, we will need to produce hydrocarbons. And we will.
We will dig them from the ground using surface seepage, deep wells or fracking. We will get them from under the sea and ice. We will reconstitute them from coal, plastics and individual atoms if we have to. The driving force is not the existence of current reservoirs that we know how to exploit – it’s our need for them.
And when that need diminishes – perhaps we invent teleportation or something, or invent an even better way of storing portable energy – THEN the production will fall to minimal amounts. It is the need for an item, NOT the current method of obtaining it, which drives an item’s existence….
The argument of a curve for a particular extractive industry is irrelevant. Extraction is not the only factor. Willis notes correctly that extraction techniques are vastly improved on 50 years ago. Ironically, the major reason this is so is because production was falling and the price rising. That’s just simple supply and demand laws at work. But rising prices also spur improvements in usage efficiency. So that the exact same production level of 20 years ago, today allows airline to fly more people over a greater distance, and etc.
And what this highlights is something the malthusian finite resource scaremongers have never understood: which is that, absent humans, there are no resources. Without human oil-burning technologies, oil was a pollutant that upset farmers. Without human nuclear technologies, uranium is just a rock.
Which further highlights the hugely destructive aspect of the malthusians, which is that they will happily sacrifice the only true resource there is on this planet – human minds – in order to preserve for themselves the things they consider to be resources.
Frankly, they disgust me.
Willis, like many you misrepresent the original peak oil argument. It was implicit that:
“…given current technologies and known resources…”
Miso points out that Hubbert’s name and work has been abused by many vested interests, in ways he would likely not have agreed with.
Along the lines of John Ralston Saul’s “Voltaire’s Bastards”, perhaps it might be better to have a title to this article of:
“Hubbert’s Bastards meet the EIA” …
perhaps we invent teleportation or something
We are well on the way to that effect wit Skype. Telepresence will complete the function.
“F. King Hubbert’s Bastards meet the EIA” …
Just a little amusement.
Scuzza
I couldnt agree more. Hubbert acknowledged many of the shortcomings in his model of oil production such as how to predict technology, he later as fas I am aware assumed a constant rate of improvement and of course resources which he had to assume. Then from resource to reserves and put all this together to estimate recoverable reserves.
Thanks Willis, reading Russian research they have evidence that some oil deposits are from depth in the mantle, a combination of the CO2 and water in the rocks there together with the heat and pressures that are available at those depths. I have not seen all the evidence so cannot verify that it is true but it sounds interesting. Petroleum can be made from wood chips, in fact this method has been used to produce a flamable gas to run ICE’s, but cost is 3-4x that of conventional oil. The people doing this claim no environmental impact apart from felling hundreds of trees that is. I would have thought that biodigesting waste to produce methane to use direct or react methane to more complex hydrocarbons would be cheaper and use household waste instead of filling landfill sites. The remaining waste can be put on the land as a fertilizer. Win-win all round.
michel:
In your post at January 12, 2014 at 12:52 am you assert
And that is your error.
For all practical purposes any resource can be considered to be infinite.
I recently explained this in another WUWT thread where my explanation used the effectively infinite availability of crude oil as illustration. The explanation concludes saying
This link is to that explanation.
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/01/05/overpopulation-the-fallacy-behind-the-fallacy-of-global-warming/#comment-1526318
Richard
The real fossil fuel boom in the U.S. is in natural gas.
According to the EIA the current surge in petroleum production n only temporary for this decade and then trail off again. Natural gas, on thre other hand, is a long term boom that will last for many decades to come.
The EIA has also identified enormous untapped shale deposits globally, especially in China, that can be developed and provide enough fossil fuels through at least the rest of this century until other alternative energy sources can become economically feasible.
Johnmarshall
I have heard these points about deep crust/mantle sources of HC. It seems possible but petroleum has a d13C signature that would indicateiy is a fossil fuel. Also it is possible to source the petroleum and it is largely from organic rich shales.
We often hear that, to maintain or increase curent levels of oil production, we will have to keep finding new fields or sources. This overlooks the fact that we know today – with almost 100% certainty – where to find three or four times more than the entire oil production to date. It is still in those producing fields.
Current recoveries are around 25-30% of the oil in place, as I understand it – less for shale. As technology improves, I would not want to bet against our ingenuity finding ways to improve those recovery rates.
Miso
Like you i think Hubbert has been misrepresented. One point where i disagree with you is in predicting field production. This comes from economic models derived from reservoir models which are in turn built from reservoir property models tied to geological models. They are generally bell-shaped because the distribution of properties in each model are and behave in a Gaussian fashion. Plus uncertainty and inference works best with normality.
Hubbert’s “Peak Oil” prediction was based on the assumption that the total recoverable resource potential in the US and our OCS (offshore) was only 150-200 billion barrels. The current DOE estimate is 400 billion barrels. This estimate was before 2006 and the shale boom and it didn’t include unconventional resource potential (which dwarfs the conventional potential). Shale oil like the Bakken and Eagle Ford is not unconventional oil. It is plain old crude oil. The recovery is unconventional because it’s different than the prior norm; hence they are described as unconventional resources. Oil shale (Green River) and tar sands (Athabasca oil sands) are unconventional oils because they are bitumous kerogens – essentially incompletely formed crude oil.
Since the industry continuously finds more original oil in place and manages to recover a higher percentage of the OOIP, the total recoverable resource potential is always better than previously thought… The opposite of CAGW… 😉
We’ll eventually run out of places to look and reach a point where the diminishing returns of technology hits the economic wall. That’s when we’ll see Hubbert’s Peak. The odds are that “peak demand” will obviate “peak oil.” Some day in the future coal, gasoline, natural gas, nuclear fission and just about every other power generation source will be replaced by something that delivers more value to the economy… Real value… Measured in $$$. Not phony value like “social cost of carbon,” EROEI or fill-in-the-blank averted. That day is not here yet.
Man did not leave the Stone Age because of a stone shortage. Man did not advance from the Chalcolithic to the Bronze Age because brilliant government bureaucrats forced coppersmiths to purchase bronze credits.
Once a practical battery comes to market, ,most demand for crude disappears. Nuclear can provide all the energy the world will ever need,and for millions of years (the oceans are full of uranium) and fast reactors can extract 40 times more energy from uranium than current reactors –
the energy that still remains in our nuclear waste is enough to provide all the energy this country needs for the next 1000 years. When you move into advanced nuclear power, there is no practical limit on energy resources – they will last as long as our sun. I have to laugh when folks get concerned about “finite energy resources.” Finite coal, oil, etc, yes, but not finite energy.
As for gasoline being a “concentrated energy source,” I disagree. Electricity has no mass or weight and thus is the most concentrated energy source available. It’s only the storage batteries that have weight in an electric car. But that weight has come down drastically over the years and continues to do so. And gas powered cars require lots of heavy (and complicated) machinery to
extract and convert energy from gasoline that electric cars do not require. An electric car is intrinsically more reliable, simple, and will be less expensive once battery costs are conquered.
This is bad news!!!! This shows that even more evil CO2 will be released from it’s underground prison via burning oil/natural gas. /sarc
Mario Lento
I’m not insulting anyone or anything! I’m also not a Malthusian.
It does seem if you look at oil and gas fields that they do follow the Hubbert curve.
However it is also true that if you look at total US petrochemical production, it does not, and this is because more fields have been discovered.
I do think there are limits, not to growth, but to extractive industries. The reason there are not limits to growth is that substitution takes place. But if we were to try to raise UK coal production to the peak levels, its doubtful it would be possible at all, and the costs would be astronomical. And because of substitution it would be pointless. Actually what killed UK coal was refusal to subsidize, not government action against mining.
I find the argument that Saudi oil production is peaking to be quite persuasive. Yes, we can get higher rates of extraction, yes we can extract shale oil. Yes, we can use fiber instead of copper for telecoms. Yes, we may be able to find new ore deposits. But I don’t believe that either for oil or copper this process of new discoveries can go on indefnitely, and I do think it will probably follow the Hubbert curve for any well explored area.
http://www.hubbertpeak.com/hubbert/1956/1956.pdf
In hindsight, it appears that Hubbert under-estimated the total global amount of available petroleum resources and the efficiency of the techniques for extracting them.
Mods – Please snip previous post – slip of the macro 🙂
[Done. -w.]
Adherents of the various “peak” production theories claim the fact that production actually decreases at some point validates their theory. I say the key distinction is whether we can’t produce any more, or simply that we don’t need to. We reached “peak whale oil” sometime in the 19th century and production has dropped to essentially zero today, but we still have lights and all our machinery is still lubricated.
michel:
In your post at January 12, 2014 at 4:05 am you write
Your words I have here quoted make two points.
Firstly, if “substitution takes place” then that removes any limits to needed extraction because the need is removed. I again suggest that you read my post in another thread which explains this and I linked above. Here is the link again
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2014/01/05/overpopulation-the-fallacy-behind-the-fallacy-of-global-warming/#comment-1526318
Secondly, I know for certain fact that your assertions concerning closure of the UK coal industry are very wrong (I was the Vice President of the British Association of Colliery Management). Discussion of that would be off-topic on this thread but I explained it on another WUWT thread. This link is to that explanation.
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/04/13/weekend-open-thread-6/#comment-1274534
Richard
If Kings forecast in 1956 was a peak of oil production 15 years later he was amazingly accurate, one of the best predictions I have seen on such a complex issue.
It held for over 40 years before the technological and political development had obsoleted the basis of analysis. I don’t call that being wrong, i call that being temporarily right on as scale I or most other (say IPCC?) should stride for and respect. 🙂
Considering that hydrogen is the most common stuff in the universe, and carbon is one of the top five, I shouldn’t wonder if the entire planet is laced with H and C being cooked together.
My concern is not the availability of hydrocarbon fuels, but the energy cost of extracting them. Seems to me there is a physical, entropic lower limit (unless you’re a New Ager and believe in “zero-point” energy, or energy “free” from “the void” or something) to how much energy must be spent in order to extract (and prepare) an energy source to be used. When it “costs” one barrel of oil (or the like) to extract a one-barrel-equivalent of energy to be used, there will be no point in even bothering no matter how much oil/gas/tar/whatever is there. Yeah, yeah, ingenuity comes up with a more efficient (needs less energy to implement) production method and we’re back in business, but there’s going to be a bottom limit to that — again, absent NewAge “zero point energy” fantasies, where “nothing in” yields “as-much-as-you-could-possibly-want out”.
My second concern is thermodynamic: all energy devolves ultimately into heat.
http://physics.ucsd.edu/do-the-math/2011/07/galactic-scale-energy/
Be careful what you wish for, hey?