UAH Global Temperature Update for April 2012: +0.30°C
By Dr. Roy Spencer
The global average lower tropospheric temperature anomaly increased again in April, 2012, to +0.30°C., with warming in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres, but slightly cool conditions persisting in the tropics (click on the image for the full-size version):
The corresponding April anomaly from RSS, using a common baseline period of 1981-2010, is considerably cooler at +0.21°C.
The 3rd order polynomial fit to the data (courtesy of Excel) is for entertainment purposes only, and should not be construed as having any predictive value whatsoever.
Here are the monthly stats:
YR MON GLOBAL NH SH TROPICS
2011 01 -0.010 -0.055 +0.036 -0.372
2011 02 -0.020 -0.042 +0.002 -0.348
2011 03 -0.101 -0.073 -0.128 -0.342
2011 04 +0.117 +0.195 +0.039 -0.229
2011 05 +0.133 +0.145 +0.121 -0.043
2011 06 +0.315 +0.379 +0.250 +0.233
2011 07 +0.374 +0.344 +0.404 +0.204
2011 08 +0.327 +0.321 +0.332 +0.155
2011 09 +0.289 +0.304 +0.274 +0.178
2011 10 +0.116 +0.169 +0.062 -0.054
2011 11 +0.123 +0.075 +0.170 +0.024
2011 12 +0.126 +0.197 +0.055 +0.041
2012 01 -0.090 -0.057 -0.123 -0.138
2012 02 -0.112 -0.013 -0.212 -0.277
2012 03 +0.110 +0.129 +0.092 -0.108
2012 04 +0.295 +0.411 +0.179 -0.120
As a reminder, the most common reason for large month-to-month swings in global average temperature is small fluctuations in the rate of convective overturning of the troposphere, discussed here.

mfo says:
May 10, 2012 at 2:23 pm
Speaking from a position of total ignorance on this subject I do find it curious that sea surface temperature sometimes seems to correspond with submarine volcanoes.
It may be there is a common denominator – the heat of the Sun.
The global temperature (UAH, land, sea) is impressed by the impedances of the terrestrial continents and tropic physics.
This complex impression is minor on the oceans, so the ocean temperatures are follow the heat load of the Sun, more directly and time coherent to some solar functions, which is to be seen from the variations of the sea level. in this graph.
Because it is a global effect, coming from the Sun, it may impress also the vulcanos ?
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/uah_comp_tfsl.gif
My 2cnt.
V.
So, HenryP, I guess then you disagree with the claim (as Smokey put it) that “there is no testable, empirical evidence that can provide a measurement [of global temperature]”?
lookupitseasy
So, HenryP, I guess then you disagree with the claim (as Smokey put it) that “there is no testable, empirical evidence that can provide a measurement [of global temperature]“?
Henry says
Interesting you should ask. The net sum of all of my tables tell me basically that earth dropped by about 0.2 degrees K since the turn of century (12 x 0.017). . .. Can you feel it? No…it is still an awfully small amount. In fact I doubt if the thermometers in the satellites are that sensitive (which is why I was asking Roy about this) and how often they are calibrated?
So your question also depends on an answer to that question, as well. If we go my results only, – and I do think that my method depends a lot less on calibration – consider:
I think my sample was well balanced by latitude and 30/70 in-land/on sea. (Longitude does not matter as earth turns every 24 hours). However, the continent not represented was Antarctica. For some strange reason I cannot get access to the raw data coming from Antarctica. I suspect it is already getting cooler there and somebody is just trying to hide that. (Then they rather want to blame warm(er) sea currents for the disintegration of the ice there – I have to laugh).
Nevertheless, without those raw data coming from Antarctica I would not put my head under the block for that 0.2 degrees C/K
So in this respect I have to agree with Smokey.
If you were to change your statement to:
that “there is no testable, empirical evidence that can provide a judgement whether earth has entered a warming or a cooling phase, ”
then I would disagree with that statement. I think it is possible to determine whether earth is in a general warming or in a general cooling phase. As stated before, the signal is very clear that we entered a general cooling phase and you can repeat it by simply repeating my work (preferably using 44 other weather stations – mind the balancing acts though).
Personally I think the climate is on this curve:
http://wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/orssengo3.png
Study this curve carefully and you will see that around 1994 temps went down (negative/decline) as correctly predicted by me whereas the green line from the IPCC still wants us to believe that it goes the other way (positive/incline). If the Orssengo curve is correct we will drop a total of about 0.3 or 0.4 degrees C before things turn up again beyond 2030.
lookupitseasy says:
May 10, 2012 at 2:35 pm
Ian W, if you don’t think global temperature is a meaningful concept, why do you bother spending your time thinking of misleading ways to display it graphically?
The point I was making was that you are shrieking about changes that are actually not alarming if shown in a normal scale on a chart.
And I believe that getting everyone talking about atmospheric temperatures rather than atmospheric (or global) heat content, has been the warmists’ greatest PR coup. Many of them will not realize that of course as like you, they have absolutely no idea what atmospheric enthalpy is or means. However, the real scientists that keep on and on about atmospheric temperature to the hundredth of a degree must be being deliberately misleading.
Village Idiot says:
May 10, 2012 at 10:31 pm
Are we warming or cooling
That is an excellent question and the answer depends to a large extent on the time period you have in mind and the data set being used. The graph below illustrates this point well.
RSS has a straight line since November 1996 or 15 years, 6 months. UAH has a straight line since October 2001 or 10 years, 7 months. And from where RSS is straight, UAH shows a rise. And from where UAH is straight, RSS shows a drop. See
http://www.woodfortrees.org/plot/rss/from:1995/plot/rss/from:1996.83/trend/plot/rss/from:2001.75/trend/plot/uah/from:1995/plot/uah/from:1996.83/trend/plot/uah/from:2001.75/trend
The bottom line for me is that there is nothing too alarming happening now and we should wait a few years to see what develops before spending huge amounts of money.
According to the two satellite records.
RSS
1 {1998, 0.55},
2 {2010, 0.476},
3 {2005, 0.334}.
UAH
1 {1998, 0.428},
2 {2010, 0.414},
3 {2005, 0.253}.
Werner Brozek says
….has a straight line ….
Henry says
what happens is that our equipment is too insensitive to see what is really happening – which is what makes you see a straight line – but generally speaking the sun-earth duo is in some symbiotic sine or co-sine relationship (eventually) causing either warming or cooling. A straight line is not possible, theoretically, unless for a very brief period when we are at the top or the bottom of the curve…
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/05/10/uah-global-temperature-up-in-april/#comment-982383
Village Idiot says:
May 10, 2012 at 10:31 pm
The fact is that scientific skeptics have known for decades that the globe is warming [naturally], and has been warming since the LIA. Only an idiot would misrepresent the skeptical position: the planet is warming, but there is no testable, empirical evidence that can provide a measurement.
That the global temperatures today are higher then in LIA can be a personal knowledge from many indicators known in science. It is not a fact, because if one have this personal knowledge he cannot give prove of it. Skeptics is not a valid method in science, because it never has shown any knowledge on anything. A personal knowledge is not equal to a shown relation in science. Every personal claim on ‘there is Nothing’ is scientificly worthless, because it is never able to give a prove on ‘Nothing’. For this, this claim have no existence. Moreover, the personal claim suggest that the claim is an valid scientific argument, but it is not; it is a personal statement without any scientific value. Science, or the methods of science still argue on things which ARE, and not on No_things. Your example does show this, because you argue on ‘no … measurement’.
Therefore, although emissions may add a little to the natural warming, at this point AGW is an untested and untestable conjecture.
The AGW is an idea. It must not be true, that the idea is untestable, because it is not out of the question that the natural warming can be understood as a physical process of nature in the solar system.
Are we warming or cooling, can we measure it or not?
Dr. R. Spencer can.
There is great evidence that the global warming with its warming and cooling follow synodic cycles centred on the Sun. The warming and cooling of the global oceans changes the volume of the upper ocean and modulates the increasing sea level (blue curve) , and is time coherent with the function of three synodic cycles (orange). Taking 11 synodic cycles (thick lightgray) it correlates with the measured global UAH temperatures (thick black) by. Dr Roy Spencer:
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/uah_comp_tfsl.gif
This result suggest the idea that there is no need to add AGW to the plot. There are other facts that the increasing CO2 level is superimposed by time coherent modulated measured temperatures. This means that one can see that the oscillating CO2 follows the temperature.
The most important tool in climate science is not a thermometer, it is logic.
V.
Stephen Wilde says:
May 10, 2012 at 2:06 am
In effect an increase in the size or speed of the water cycle raises the effective radiating height without the system energy content needing to increase at all. Thus no change in surface temperature.
But if the ‘effective radiating height’ is raised and the lapse rate remains the same then the surface temperature must increase!
Village Idiot says:
May 10, 2012 at 10:31 pm
…. Are we warming or cooling, can we measure it or not? I feel our creed is falling apart at the seams!
Is that why the Masters attacks on the evil enemy have had to become increasingly violent??
____________________
It depends on your prepective. from Green World Trust org.:
http://www.greenworldtrust.org.uk/Science/Images/ice-HS/noaa_gisp2_icecore_anim_adj.gif
HenryP says:
May 11, 2012 at 11:35 am
A straight line is not possible, theoretically, unless for a very brief period when we are at the top or the bottom of the curve
On the other hand, if we were equal distances on either side of the peak or trough of a true sine wave, then a line of zero slope could be drawn. But any real data over the last 10 or 15 years looks nothing like a sine curve.
Dr. Spencer sees:
“The 3rd order polynomial fit to the data (courtesy of Excel) is for entertainment purposes only, and should not be construed as having any predictive value whatsoever.”
The above is of course like a sine wave over a short interval.
But Bob Tisdale sees a step change due to the El Nino for the same data.
Ian W, since I haven’t said anything whatsoever about enthalpy, it seems rather presumptous of you to declare I don’t know anything about it. (The use of the word “shreiking” is also quite rude — my understanding was that skeptic blogs tended to pride themselves on their levels of civility, but perhaps I was wrong about this; I’ve only recently started hanging out in comments sections here.) A better guess would be that I’m more interested in my own hobby-horses than in yours, and so (as long as I’m interacting with you) I will tend to ignore it when you try to change the subject.
In that spirit, I’m fascinated by your claim that -50C to 50C is “a normal scale” for average global temperature (regardless of whether you think “average global temperature” is an interesting or meaningful metric). A traditional approach to choosing a “normal scale” for a time-series would be to use a scale that includes the range of the data over some reasonable time-period, and not too much else. Has average global temperature ever been -50C? When was the last time it was 50C?
Let me make my point directly, not just via rhetorical questions: this exercise in choosing an abnormally large scale for your axes to make data look flat is silly and misleading. Any data set can be made to look flat by choosing the range too large in this way, and it doesn’t reveal anything at all to do so. If you don’t think average global temperature is interesting or important, that’s your business (you’ll notice again that I’m not arguing with you about this), but you’d be much better off making that point with honest arguments.
HenryP, that was interesting, but I’m afraid I don’t understand from it what the answer to my question is :(. My perception is that there are groups of commenters on this blog who believe the following things:
1) average global temperature (henceforth AGT) is not a well-defined concept
2) AGT is a well-defined concept, but it’s not important
3) AGT is a well-defined concept, but it’s impossible to measure well enough to say anything about it
4) AGT is a well-defined concept, and it’s changing in some particular way
For example, Ian W I think believes 2, but might also believe 3 or might instead believe 1. Smokey asserted 3. I am confused from your comment what the status of your belief re: points 3 and 4 is.
Ugh, that’s “shrieking”, of course, not “shreiking”.
phlogiston says:
May 10, 2012 at 11:10 pm
At no time in the last 30 year UAH record has temperature oscillated down, up, down and then up again by an amplitude of 0.5-0.6 degrees, in the course of just over a single year. Curious…
On the subject of amplitude of fluctuation, it is known that, on a larger, glacial-interglacial time scale, the ice core record shows that global temperature shows more fluctuation and instability during periods of falling temperatures, than rising temperatures.
If the climate system has some nonlinear and fractal character then pattern observed on large scale will be seen also at small scales also (think fern leaf). So these fast and wide temperature swings could possibly signify instability characteristic of falling temperatures.
Thus it may be too soon to write off Archibald’s predictions of global temperature fall.
The temperature rise over March and April were helped, at least slightly, by strong warming on the Indian continent. However May will being the monsoon.
lookupitseasy says:
May 11, 2012 at 3:05 pm
Ian W, since I haven’t said anything whatsoever about enthalpy, it seems rather presumptous of you to declare I don’t know anything about it. (The use of the word “shreiking” is also quite rude — my understanding was that skeptic blogs tended to pride themselves on their levels of civility, but perhaps I was wrong about this; I’ve only recently started hanging out in comments sections here.) A better guess would be that I’m more interested in my own hobby-horses than in yours, and so (as long as I’m interacting with you) I will tend to ignore it when you try to change the subject.
In that spirit, I’m fascinated by your claim that -50C to 50C is “a normal scale” for average global temperature (regardless of whether you think “average global temperature” is an interesting or meaningful metric). A traditional approach to choosing a “normal scale” for a time-series would be to use a scale that includes the range of the data over some reasonable time-period, and not too much else. Has average global temperature ever been -50C? When was the last time it was 50C?
Let me make my point directly, not just via rhetorical questions: this exercise in choosing an abnormally large scale for your axes to make data look flat is silly and misleading. Any data set can be made to look flat by choosing the range too large in this way, and it doesn’t reveal anything at all to do so. If you don’t think average global temperature is interesting or important, that’s your business (you’ll notice again that I’m not arguing with you about this), but you’d be much better off making that point with honest arguments.
I agree – you have not said anything about enthalpy or heat content – yet the debate is about ‘heat being trapped’ – it is not about temperature being trapped. If you want to measure the heat being trapped then you must know the enthalpy of the atmosphere. As you are so concerned about the average of a meaningless metric and then displaying it in a way that hides its error bars expands its scale you will understand that you will be taken as someone who either doesn’t understand or someone trolling.
If you want to lookupitseasy to know about enthalpy you can go to http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/enthalpy-moist-air-d_683.html
Atmospheric heat content cannot be measured by temperature alone it is the wrong metric. Arguing about hundredths of a degree C of this wrong metric when that is unmeasurable, and based on averaged values over a set of random land based polygons with a bias to developed areas and values obtained at time of day for the reading or maximum and minimum regardless of how long particular values were observed; this is just so totally unscientific – it is pure climate ‘science’.
As an example – a day starts out misty at dawn with radiation fog and say 60C the sun comes up and the fog ‘burns off” the humidity drops and by mid-afternoon the atmospheric temperature peaks at a dry 95C. The air will have had more heat content in the humid misty morning than in the hot dry afternoon. Atmospheric heat content can drop as temperature goes up.. You have to know the enthalpy of the atmosphere to know its heat content.
But you believe it is useful to display on an expanded scale the variance (anomalies) of averaged atmospheric temperatures from long term averaged atmospheric temperatures with a precision of hundredths of a degree?
rossbrisbane says:
May 10, 2012 at 12:55 am
Will it go higher in May?
Where has the global cooling gone?
Can it be the sun?
Perhaps its those cosmic rays?
Maybe it is CO2 as background warming after all.
Will it go brighter am nine?
Where the night has gone?
Can it be the Earth?
Perhaps it’s those IPCC?
Maybe it is the starlight background after all.
See the seasons not the month.
Know the pattern of the years.
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/giss_uah_2040.gif
Know the pattern of the days.
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/uah_temp_vs_ghi11_4.gif
See the cooling of the years.
It’s not Sony, it’s science.
V.
Volker Doormann says:
May 12, 2012 at 1:17 am
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/uah_temp_vs_ghi11_4.gif
Interesting predictions – the next few years – even few months, will provide confirmation or otherwise. You are courageous to make such a detailed forecast.
Never quite understood the problem people have with the idea of a solar system and solar system gravitation affecting climate.
Henry@ur momisuglyVolker – Phlogiston
true. Not bad for figuring out that one.
I also say that we might be cooling by as much as 0.1 degree C or K already per annum if we go by the maxima – which takes quite some time to work its way through to the means.
Volker is from Germany?
By what mechanism is gravitation causing less sunshine (or warmth) reaching earth?
Henry@ur momisugly IanW
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/05/10/a-blast-from-the-past-james-hansen-on-the-global-warming-debate-from-13-years-ago/#comment-983094
& further discussion there.
Phil said:
“But if the ‘effective radiating height’ is raised and the lapse rate remains the same then the surface temperature must increase!”
The lapse rate doesn’t stay the same.
Humidity and convection alter the lapse rate.
That is the whole point.
Stephen Wilde says:
May 12, 2012 at 7:19 am
Phil said:
“But if the ‘effective radiating height’ is raised and the lapse rate remains the same then the surface temperature must increase!”
The lapse rate doesn’t stay the same.
Humidity and convection alter the lapse rate.
That is the whole point.
OK explain how that works, you have more height over which the lapse rate applies and you’re saying that the combination of the saturated and dry lapse rates are changed by humidity in such a way as to cancel out that change. Let’s see an explanation on how that works with numbers rather that hand waving?
Ian W:
“But you believe it is useful to display on an expanded scale the variance (anomalies) of averaged atmospheric temperatures from long term averaged atmospheric temperatures with a precision of hundredths of a degree?”
Hum, well, I suppose there’s no point in carrying on this conversation if you find yourself unable to read what I’ve written. Just to recap: you asserted that it is sensible to display global average temperature on a scale with axes going from -50C to 50C. I pointed out that this is obviously a misleading way to present data, and that (if you don’t like average global temperature as a metric) you should stick to honest arguments. Since then, you have repeatedly refused to justify your original assertion, and instead repeatedly change the subject to discuss a different metric (about which I have yet to offer any opinions) or to spend time musing about what I know or believe (as in the bizarre paragraph quoted above). Frankly, I’m not surprised that you haven’t tried to justify your original assertion on its own terms, because what I’ve said about it is correct: it’s a stupid, misleading trick to present data on a misleading scale in order to make it appear flat. And this is true regardless of the nature of the data in question! Your sin here, as far as I am concerned, has nothing to do with the nature or details of the metric being discussed.
If you want to have a discussion with someone about the importance of enthalpy versus temperature, that’s fine by me (though I’m not interested in being your counter-party). But when having that discussion, you should stick to honest methods of data presentation and argument. This is not a difficult point, and I hope that maybe now that I’ve repeated it three times you’ll finally acknowledge it.
HenryP says:
May 12, 2012 at 7:14 am
Henry@Volker – Phlogiston
true. Not bad for figuring out that one.
I also say that we might be cooling by as much as 0.1 degree C or K already per annum if we go by the maxima – which takes quite some time to work its way through to the means.
Volker is from Germany?[/i>
@Henry – Phlogiston
Hi Henry, yes I’m from Germany. Have done a lot in physics.
By what mechanism is gravitation causing less sunshine (or warmth) reaching earth?
Looking to the synodic functions resp. to twice the frequency of the relevant synodic functions, it becomes clear that Sir Newtons force of gravitation is not involved, simple because the (best fitted) strength of the single synodic functions do not fit with the inverse square distance of the couples.
It seems that either a great eccentricity (like Mercury) or maybe the great density of the objects of couples are involved. The nature of the mechanism is unknown to me, but despite of this problem, there is no doubt, that the geometry of the synodic functions of about 11 couples results by simple adding the functions to a sum, which is very similar compared to the measured temperatures or reconstructed temperatures like A. Moberg et al. of two millennia. Because the frequency resolution is lower, it needs only 6 synodic couples to verify the temperatures, instead of 11.
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/ghi_6_lockwood_1.gif
Although it seems, that the double frequency of the synodic functions suggest a tide effect on the Sun, this must not be the case; maybe there are unknown energy transfers from nonlinear motions because of big eccentricities of the bodies like Mercury.
Because these astronomical geometric relations can be shown in general 5000 years back, there is no reason why this pattern in not continued for the next 1000 years, for we know precise the astronomical ephemerides.
V.
Hi Volker!
I’m from South Africa, my son lives in Germany (near Frankfurt)
so, eventually we might also be around there a bit, enjoying our pension days
(I am semi-retired and still have a Dutch passport)
…..not during winter though, which I hear was a bit cold this year….!!!
I am an idiot with physics… I know a little bit about chemistry and statistics
so I have some difficulty following your arguments.
I had hoped for a simple answer like Mercury/ Venus/ etc being in the path of the sun’s rays on their way to earth, or something like that, but I am sure it is not as easy as that.
Personally I think we are on this curve:
http://wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/orssengo3.png
which came from here:
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/04/25/predictions-of-global-mean-temperatures-ipcc-projections/
One of Orssengo’s predictions is that global cooling and warming phases alternate with each other and that we are now in a cooling phase. …
Currently my own investigations
http://letterdash.com/henryp/global-cooling-is-here
for the period indicated by him, actually confirm this.
What do you think about that?
HenryP says:
May 12, 2012 at 12:46 pm
Hi Volker!
I’m from South Africa, my son lives in Germany (near Frankfurt)
so, eventually we might also be around there a bit, enjoying our pension days
(I am semi-retired and still have a Dutch passport)
…..not during winter though, which I hear was a bit cold this year….!!!
Hi HenryP,
best month in Germany are Mai to September. Here in Hamburg it’s near the Northern sea with fresh winds (BTW. We will have two weeks vacation there now).
I am an idiot with physics… I know a little bit about chemistry and statistics
so I have some difficulty following your arguments.
No problem (It needs only logic). I think some things in physics are not really solved by the authorities like resonance of celestial bodies, especially the transfer of energy by gravitational forces. It is not clear whether there is a delayed transfer of gravitation because of the velocity c or a field without any delay. It comes to theoretical problems in the path of planets if there is a time delay of gravitation.
I had hoped for a simple answer like Mercury/ Venus/ etc being in the path of the sun’s rays on their way to earth, or something like that, but I am sure it is not as easy as that.
Personally I think we are on this curve: … which came from here: …
One of Orssengo’s predictions is that global cooling and warming phases alternate with each other and that we are now in a cooling phase. …
Currently my own investigations … What do you think about that?
As I have written the mechanism is not known yet, but the geometry is well known for the synodic functions and the strengths is a fitting job using the known temperature proxies.
There is a life work from Prof. Patzelt in Austria, who have analysed the trees under the melting glaciers. He has reconstructed the summer temperatures in the Alps in Austria for some 8000 years back in time. The up and downs are fitting well (slightly time scaled) with only two geometric synodic functions of three slowly running objects, there are no high frequent anomalies in temeprature.
http://www.volker-doormann.org/images/ghi_23_pa_ghi2.jpg
Also visible in the graph (left) the decrease in temperature until -2040 (or 2040 AD).
This can easy be upgraded to about 11 couples until the double synodic frequency of Mercury/Earth of 6.3 cycles per year shown in my graphs more above.
A main point in the functions is the non sinusoid profile, it is nonlinear because it is in the function like a tide function where there is no difference in niptide from spring tide. But if there are big eccentricities in the synodic path the function gets some curious.
Sorry, there are no true sine functions in climate nature and there are no relations to a true geometry in nature. It is similar to the math ‘gymnastic’ in N. Scafetta’s papers.
However, if it tells the correct direction in the future, you win. 🙂
Best
V.
Volker,
thanks!