
This QOTW is from MIT’s Dr. Richard Lindzen, from his response to critics on the WUWT post: Lindzen on negative climate feedbacks
…it has become standard in climate science that data in contradiction to alarmism is inevitably ‘corrected’ to bring it closer to alarming models. None of us would argue that this data is perfect, and the corrections are often plausible. What is implausible is that the ‘corrections’ should always bring the data closer to models.
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Hello, MarkT !! Having followed Lindzen for a decade, my take on this is his attempt to inject humility to both sides, not a subtle jab. Humility is key IMHO. One has to realize that the “science is never settled” and either side has the potential to be proven wrong, always. It is a hard pill to swallow if you are convinced you are right. We must fully understand the oppositions point of view in order to dismantle it, and I expect the same from their side. It makes me wonder that sites like RC and DeSmog are so insecure, that they cannot allow the slightest refutation to their position. I find I strengthen my position when I am forced to question the validity of my viewpoint. Ted Clayton mentioned contrarians in a very good post about their importance to a quality debate. Truer words were never spoken. The fact that I am deleted from posting on RC and DeSmog should tell you all you need to know about their position. Cheers and Happy Easter to all, …….
Another typo in Warwick Hughes:
First unscored item (on UHI):
The block of text marked “Continued” in the leftmost column duplicates the text above it and should be deleted.
PS: The next two “continued” blocks also appear to be duplications.
One established negative feedback caused by increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is the known decreased transpiration of water vapor. Water vapor is known to be the principal greenhouse gas and its rate of introduction into the atmosphere from green plants is controlled by, among other things, the diameter of stomata in leaves. Stomata close progressively with increasing carbon dioxide concentrations.
I have not seen a reference quantitating this effect and I don’t recall reading about it on WUWT.
to Lamont:
“That is only “implausible” if the models are assumed to a priori be incorrect. If the models are, in fact, in the process of being proven correct then the data should trend towards supporting the models, and the corrections to bad data should be more in line with models than against them. This is exactly the behavior that would be expected if the models are right.”
Huh? And how does “data” become ‘bad’ data? Don’t tell me, let me guess — it’s when it doesn’t agree with “the model”.
Rubbish – the only thing ‘a priori’ is that data is real and models are, well, models — and proper science follows the data, it doesn’t ‘fix’ the data.
The quote from Dyson, about getting outside in the mud, is very appropriate — whereas tinkering with the data to save the models is the very definition of “Game Boy” science.
Frederick Michael (15:01:26) :
“…If not for the critics in the fearless crowd, the models would be lost.”
…If not for the courage of the fearless crew, the minnow would be lost.
Please tell me this was not inadvertant…
Mike
Re good models and bad data.
There is considerable experience of adjusting data, where a model has previously been shown to be robust and accurate. As just one example, this occurred years ago (late 1980’s) in a company for which I worked. The products we developed and sold were a suite of sophisticated computerized simulators. One simulator in particular had been tested and proven accurate in several live applications with modern manufacturing plants owned and operated by sophisticated clients. Their data was very good.
Then we began selling that proven simulator to other clients in slightly less advanced countries. The simulator did not match one client’s data, when run in predict mode. The client was understandably unhappy, and viewed the simulator as a bunch of junk. So we began the delicate task of investigating their data collection and measurement systems. In the end, the simulator was proved correct, and the client found some data errors that they corrected.
The climate models are not anywhere close to being at a point where one should adjust data to match the models’ predictions. First, one must adjust the model so that there is good agreement between model predictions and carefully validated data.
The company I worked for was in the field of chemical kinetic simulations, with highly non-linear simultaneous equations, but the lessons learned there are applicable in any simulation / data field.
Do the climate scientists not know this? Do they not realize there is an entire body of knowledge, and practitioners from many fields that know this? Do they not realize what laughingstocks they are, when they adjust data to match a demonstrably unverified model?
Is this the new scientific method?
One can only imagine what Richard Feynman would have to say about this…
I did find this:http://books.google.com/books?id=mp-aAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA243&lpg=PA243&dq=transpiration+carbon+dioxide+stomata&source=bl&ots=T4a5p76l8p&sig=GCOTBDCceeocnZe8lKiqde5pUk4&hl=en&ei=MJDiSe-gEKbmtgPe4aipCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6
The reference does not give a quantitative answer to the climate question, but does point out a remarkable advantage in agricultural water use rates( much lower) and agricultural productivity (much higher) of increasing carbon dioxide concentrations.
Jared @11:41:24
With an utterly banal observation, you reveal the fallacy of AGM. Well done, Sir!
Marcus @12:19:36
Models are models, and only that. They always must give way to observational data. There is no judging observational data against models. If the data is such, and the models say something else, then the models are wrong.
Tom (16:20:04),
Thanks for checking my french on climate-feedback. I have familiarity with feedback application & study, in engineered systems, but would like to get on a better footing with it, in natural systems – especially climate. Can you point me to sources I can use to get it down pat?
Computer modelling is not science. Computer modelling is a baby teat-thing; what are they called?
I don’t see the big deal. Clearly sometimes reality is wrong, and needs to be adjusted to values that will keep the government dollars flowing.
Now, some will claim that reality should not be defined by what governments are willing to pay for, but these denialists are ignoring hundreds of government-funded studies to the contrary.
Another copy-edit to Warwick Hughes:
The paragraph on the scoring system should be the second paragraph in the introduction. Currently it’s buried at the end of the first item.
==========
Michael: Thanks to the link to the review of Ian Plimer’s book, Heaven and Earth, due out tomorrow. I think it will have a big impact on stopping the supposedly unstoppable warmist bandwagon.
=========
This quote-of-the-week feature should be a quote-of-the-day. There’s enough good material for it. And/or there should be several quotes of the week.
Lee Valentine (16:59:15) and (17:13:41),
I searched Google using ‘co2 plant respiration’.
“High Carbon Dioxide Boosts Plant Respiration, Potentially Affecting Climate And Crops”
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/02/090209205202.htm
and
http://news.illinois.edu/news/09/0209co2.html
” Plants draw CO2 from the atmosphere and make sugars through the process of photosynthesis. But they also release some CO2 during respiration as they use the sugars to generate energy for self-maintenance and growth. How elevated CO2 affects plant respiration will therefore influence future food supplies and the extent to which plants can capture CO2 from the air and store it as carbon in their tissues.
While there is broad agreement that higher atmospheric CO2 levels stimulate photosynthesis in C3 plants, such as soybean, no such consensus exists on how rising CO2 levels will affect plant respiration. [emph. added]
“There’s been a great deal of controversy about how plant respiration responds to elevated CO2,” said U. of I. plant biology professor Andrew Leakey, who led the study. “Some summary studies suggest it will go down by 18 percent, some suggest it won’t change, and some suggest it will increase as much as 11 percent.” ”
The transpiration of water you mention is a different effect, but related and possibly connected.
Ted Clayton,
Here’s an interesting chart showing the effect of CO2 on plant growth: click.
More atmospheric CO2 is better, and CO2 is beneficial, not harmful to plants, animals or the climate — even at double its current concentration.
If anyone can prove those statements are wrong, please do so. I’m interested. Heck, forget the proof. Strong, verifiable evidence is good enough.
Altering data to support the models is only a short term fix. The problem is that as you alter models to account for hockey sticks, GISS revisions, newly discovered Antarctic warming and other mannomatics the models deviate further from measurements requiring ever more mannomatics to stay afloat.
There may be short term benefits for the AGW theory but It’s an ever deepening spiral that cannot be maintained.
Mike Bryant (17:04:33) :
I glad to know that someone got the joke.
This comment reminds me that everything I hear about AGW is Baaaaddddd, not a single good thing is ever mentioned.
I’m sorry, but I cannot accept the results from the current generation of GCM. These models are attempting to predict the future state of a complex, non-linear, chaotic system (which the IPCC agrees that the earth’s climate system is). I do not believe that we possess the knowledge of all the processes that affect the climate system to the degree necessary to obtain accurate predictions of the state of the system 50 years into the future. Chaotic systems are exceptionally difficult in this regard.
I’m not sure we will ever understand all the processes and variables that affect the system to a degree sufficient to construct accurate climate models.
Smokey (18:50:58) :
Ted Clayton,
Here’s an interesting chart showing the effect of CO2 on plant growth: click.
More atmospheric CO2 is better, and CO2 is beneficial, not harmful to plants, animals or the climate — even at double its current concentration.
If anyone can prove those statements are wrong, please do so. I’m interested. Heck, forget the proof. Strong, verifiable evidence is good enough.
Try this:
http://www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/6/3087/2009/bgd-6-3087-2009.pdf
Smokey (18:50:58),
Nice graphs showing the universally accepted benefits to plants of elevated CO2. Thanks!
The highest enrichment shown in this chart is 600 ppm. As it approaches 1,000 ppm, increasing enrichment ceases to show any more benefit. Approaching 1,500 ppm, benefits are being reversed: growth is reduced. This is SOP in the commercial greenhouse business.
The issue is not whether plants grow better at elevated CO2 levels (within the limits). They do.
The issue is, does the CO2 released by plants under higher atmospheric CO2 levels follow the same pattern that is observed under normal CO2 levels, or does the plant release more CO2, all other factors staying equal. Yes, plants produce CO2, as well as use it.
Green plant tissues undergo photosynthesis in the light, and this process gives off oxygen. In the dark, and in unpigmented tissues, plants still ‘gotta live’, and the metabolic activity that occurs then is called respiration, which gives off CO2 (same overall deal as animals).
Actually, respiration is also taking place during photosynthesis, so some CO2 is being generated by plants, all the time. The question is, ‘How much’?, and more pointedly, ‘How does varying CO2 concentration in the air affect the amount of CO2 produced during respiration’?
The quote in my previous post makes real plain that the amount of CO2 released during respiration at different (higher) atmospheric CO2 levels remains a matter of disagreement. As I understand, we simply have not unraveled the details of plant respiration – particularly in the presence of higher CO2 levels – sufficiently to know for sure.
Speaking here of elevated CO2 that some predict will be seen in the atmosphere, going forward (not in a CO2-fumigated greenhouse).
The issue is important, because the CO2 released by plant respiration is a cornerstone of certain key simulation algorithms used in climate models. ‘Assumptions’ are made about the value for this, yet the range of disagreement about what the value really will be as CO2 continues to rise, could seriously alter the results produced by the models.
The issue also arises, because CO2 levels in the air actually vary to a surprising degree in different seasons of the year, in different regions, and in different microenvironments & habitats. It’s possible that models are being thrown off by this factor, even now.
Ted Clayton (18:34:35):
While there is broad agreement that higher atmospheric CO2 levels stimulate photosynthesis in C3 plants, such as soybean, no such consensus exists on how rising CO2 levels will affect plant respiration. [emph. added]
Correlation is 2:1, i.e. plant respiration consumes in average 50% from the carbohydrates they produce by cell respiration. The rate varies with species, age and season.
Oops! It should have say: “plant cell respiration consumes in average 50% from the carbohydrates they produce by Photosynthesis” 🙂
Further copy-edits to the Warwick Hughes “Greenhouse Warming Scorecard”:
2nd item, Comments box:
Change “The predicted warming is less than the model warming”
to :”The <b.actual warming is less than the model warming”
3rd & 4th items, move the last phrase in the “Actual measurements” box down into the Comments box.
“Hurricane frequency” item, Comments box:
“of” is wrong in the sentence below. (Should probably be “over”)
“Hurricane experts say the numbers oscillate of many years and there is no evidence of a trend.”
“Total feedbacks” item, Comment [should be “Comments”] box, item 1, delete “what” in:
“The climate system has a net negative forcing, opposite to
whatthe claim of a positive feedback by the IPCC.”