Polar Ice Worries – North and South

Guest post by Steven Goddard

From The Washington Post :

Norway’s foreign minister, Jonas Gahr Stoere, painted a stark picture of the climate change in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. “The ice is melting,” Stoere said. “We should all be worried.”

According to the University of Illinois, Antarctic sea ice area is nearly 30% above normal and the anomaly has reached 1,000,000 km2.  You could almost fit Texas and California (or 250 Rhode Islands) inside Antarctica’s excess sea ice.

http://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/cryosphere/IMAGES/current.365.south.jpg

According to NSIDC, over the last 30 years Antarctic sea ice extent has been growing at a rate of nearly 5% per decade, and set a record maximum last year.

http://nsidc.org/data/seaice_index/images/s_plot.png

And as you can see in the NSIDC image below, some Emperor Penguins have an extra long walk to their nesting ground – due to excess ice in the Weddell Sea and around West Antarctica.

http://nsidc.org/data/seaice_index/images/daily_images/S_daily_extent.png

http://nsidc.org/data/seaice_index/images/daily_images/S_daily_extent.png

http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/PTGPOD/OSTID-00001081-001%7EEmperor-Penguins-Walking-on-Sea-Ice-of-the-Weddell-Sea-Antarctica-Posters.jpg

Well fed polar explorers, dressed properly for the cold climate

Sadly though, biologists using computer models have forecast that some Penguins are headed for extinction due to loss of Antarctic sea ice.  Maybe that gives the males something to think about as they huddle in -70C weather all winter long, trying to keep from freezing to death or dropping their eggs.  I suggest a Catlin-like expedition to the South Pole for biologists.

Male Emperor Penguins huddling to stay warm

The 30% excess of ice has not been widely reported, but there has been lots of talk in the press the last couple of days about ice breaking off the Wilkins Ice Shelf – the broken area being about one pixel in the NSIDC image above.  Looking at the Wilkins picture below, I’m having a very tough time seeing any evidence of melting around the fractures, or any evidence of water pooling on the surface.  Normally, such fractures are caused by tensile or shear stress, likely due to a change in currents.  Ice melts from the edges towards the center, and that ice is very thick – up to 200 metres.  Blaming the clean fractures seen below on warming and melting seems highly questionable – at best.  I suggest bringing some actual structural and mechanical engineers into the discussion – how’s that for a novel idea in the AGW world?

http://www.wearesurvivalmachines.com/shared/images/antarctic_sheet_L.jpg

http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WilkinsIceSheet/images/wilkins_aerial_photo_bas.jpg

Meanwhile in the Arctic, sea ice area is about 500,000 km2 below normal, which means that global sea ice area (Arctic + Antarctic) is about 500,000 km2 above normal.  You could fit Dr. Hansen’s home state of Pennsylvania plus Al Gore’s home state of Tennessee plus Gordon Brown’s Scotland plus Dorothy’s Kansas inside the excess global sea ice area.  Sounds like a real global meltdown, doesn’t it?

http://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/cryosphere/IMAGES/current.365.jpg

Perhaps we should be worried – about those poor penguins struggling across an extra 200 miles of ice.

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hotrod
April 8, 2009 6:09 pm

George E. Smith (16:43:24) :

My answer would be, I don’t think they handle the issue spectacularly well. Even the AGW advocates that usually have such faith in models, are forced to appeal to the problems with them to get big, scary sounding amounts of SLR. Of course, they use their own models (of ice sheet dynamics) to make such arguments.

Looking at some charts of the Thermohaline Circulation, the warm pool in the Southern Pacific appears to be fed primarily by cool water that upwells in the northcentral Pacific:
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/polar/icemelt_oceancirc.html&nl=11l
Wikipedia says max age of this water would be about 1600 years, so I wonder if one of the driving factors for El Nino events and their intensity would be the temperature of this deep water as it up wells.
If that were true, then El Nino events would not only be driven by heating conditions in the central pacific (solar isolation, cloud cover and winds) but in a way, would be biased by an echo of the sea temperatures some 800-1600 years earlier when the water sank.
Suppose the upwelling current feeding that central Pacific area was warmer that normal by a degree or so? If that happened, it could over whelm solar heating conditions that would other wise cause a slight cooling? Higher starting point, less heat needed to get to strong El Nino conditions.
I am not aware of any system that monitors the temperature of these deep parts of the Thermohaline currents that eventually feed into the south central Pacific.
Is anyone aware of a reference that gives data on how uniform those deep currents are over time? Do they fluctuate by any significant degree? If so is there a correlation between El Nino events and temperatures in the upwelling current some time delay ahead of the El Nino?
The thermohaline system would/could in effect, preserve a thermal history of both ice melting and solar heating where the water descended during its cycle if it did not fully equalize to the deep ocean temperatures as it made its loop.
Larry

Patrick
April 8, 2009 6:36 pm

Early fall in Antarctica at the link below. i monitored this periodically during our winter, their summer, it warmed up to zero once, was below zero the rest of the time.
http://weather.noaa.gov/weather/current/NZSP.html
Temperature -88 F (-67 C)
Windchill -119 F (-84 C)

John in NZ
April 8, 2009 6:42 pm

Two questions.
If the Antarctic ice keeps increasing at the current rate, how long will it be before the whole world is covered in ice?
Why is it ok for Al Gore to take a short term trend and extrapolate it ad absurdum but hen I do it it just sounds silly?

geo
April 8, 2009 6:47 pm

This is probably a stupid question, but it is based on the definition of “sea ice”. For instance, this shelf that people are talking about breaking off –is it still “sea ice” before it breaks off? Is it “sea ice” only after it breaks off? I’m just wondering if “Anarctic sea ice” increases when a shelf breaks off the continent and goes on walk about?

Dave Wendt
April 8, 2009 7:23 pm

Whenever I hear Algore or one of his acolytes doing their best Cassandra imitation on the impending disappearance of ice in the Arctic, I’m always left with the same question. So what? From a quick scan of the graphs it appears to me that, between the Arctic and Antarctic, the planet has been losing and recreating an area of sea ice about 3 times the size of the continental United States every year and probably has been since long before we were paying any attention to it. Since this is occurring in a climate that the AGW crowd seem convinced is the best of all possible worlds, what exactly is the nature of the tragedy that will befall us in the unlikely chance that that range expands by another 10%. I know the polar bears might be forced to amend their dietary preferences, but if that’s the only problem, we could organize daily airdrops of those Wagyu steaks Obama’s so fond of, to tide them over until the refreeze, for a microscopic fraction of what they’re proposing to spend to forcibly ween us off the evil demon carbon.

RobKral
April 8, 2009 7:27 pm

Geo, I think “sea ice” is just that- ice that forms at sea. Just because it’s physically connected to nearby land doesn’t keep it from being sea ice. If you look at the satellite data it’s pretty clear. However, I defer to others with more detailed knowledge of the topic.

Tim McHenry
April 8, 2009 7:48 pm

There is a lot of disharmony between those evidently more informed about AGW who post on this site – and the media reports. One of the things that sceptics fail to understand is why those more knowledgable in AGW don’t set the media types straight when they release all these AP stories and such that make it sound like the ice is almost gone NOW. Reminds me of when muslims will try to tell you that we have a misunderstanding of their religion and they don’t want to see the Western world destroyed. Well, okay then, don’t tell me – TELL YOUR MULLAHS THAT!!

Francis
April 8, 2009 8:15 pm

1. The Arctic Ocean is surrounded mostly by land. The Antarctic continent is surrounded entirely by water. 2. The Arctic receives some warmth from ocean currents. The Antarctic is protected from them by the circumpolar Westerly winds. 3. Global Warming is expected to be greater in the northern hemisphere, due to its greater land mass. 4. Global temperatures continue to rise, despite the continuing cold in East Antarctica. And with continuing worries about the ice breaking up on the Antarctic Peninsula, and maybe in West Antarctica.

Gerard
April 8, 2009 9:31 pm

Either we have less ice or more and either it is getting cooler or warmer what are the facts?

AndyW
April 8, 2009 9:47 pm

Although the March anomaly was very high last year the actual maximum area turned out to be lower than average come September
http://arctic.atmos.uiuc.edu/cryosphere/IMAGES/current.365.south.jpg
So we went from a below average maximum in 2008 to an average minima in 2009, following the high anomaly last March. So I am not sure expressions such as “Antartic putting on ice” in this context actually means that much. Once again it seems to boil down to whether you put more weighting on maxima/minima or the average over the year.
An interesting topic though.
Regards
Andy

anna v
April 8, 2009 9:54 pm

hotrod (18:09:38) :
Your thermo haline circulation questions make me wonder about tides.
Tides are not just surface phenomena. Does anybody have links of how much tides stir waters? They move water at the rate of over x km a minute all the way, from the bottom to the top twice a day. When obstacles are encounter there is turbulance and outflow and changes of height from 40cm to over 10 meters. The ocean floors are full of obstacles that do not come up to land but could mix the waters by the turbulance created by the tides. What happens when the tides hit the thermohaline streams?
One more differential equation for synchronized chaos.

Cassandra King
April 8, 2009 10:11 pm

Looks very much like the only thing that is melting fast is the AGW believers credibility?
The media giants like CNN & the BBC will never reveal this information to the masses, thank heavens for the new media eh? opperating on a shoestring with few insider contacts the new media exposes the lies and propaganda, can you imagine if the MSM/dead tree press had the field all to themselves?
“the lie can be maintained only for such time as the state can shield the population from the consequences of that lie” The person who said this was an expert in the art of propaganda, it seems his expertise has not gone unoticed by those who wish to control our destiny.

Rob
April 8, 2009 10:13 pm

To Matti Virtanen :
Sea Ice cracks are perfectly normal and have been going on ever since Sea Ice first formed on the Earth. Due to wind pressure, water movement, including currents and tides, and collisions of one section of sea ice with another. It would be highly unusual and something to worry about if cracks were to stop. Polar studies and the study of Paleoclimatology is very interesting.

Richard Heg
April 8, 2009 10:24 pm

ScienceDaily (Apr. 9, 2009) — Though greenhouse gases are invariably at the center of discussions about global climate change, new NASA research suggests that much of the atmospheric warming observed in the Arctic since 1976 may be due to changes in tiny airborne particles called aerosols.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/04/090408164413.htm

Peter Jones
April 8, 2009 10:57 pm

Just a thougth on the first chart. It clearly shows the Antartic ice starting to increase in the 3rd week of February. Isn’t this very early? If I think of terms of the cycle in the Northern Hemisphere, that would be the equivalent of ice beginning to form in August.

mikef
April 9, 2009 12:15 am

Question for Francis…
1) Why did the arctic ice melt in the 1930s?
2) Why are the Argo buoys showing ocean heat content trending down while the Arctic is melting… (see Pielke comments on Josh Willis observations and Hansons ocean heat content predictions)
???

April 9, 2009 12:21 am

I am Swiss. My parents used to ski on the glacier from the Jungfrau Joch down to the Rhone valley train station.
Now take a train from Geneva down the Rhone valley and see the debris left of the glacier that the tourist guide will tell you about.

Jack Simmons
April 9, 2009 1:05 am

George E. Smith (16:30:31) :

Why are ther so many climate models, if the science is settled and they all are supposed to be models of the same planet; and in particular are supposed to be models of this palnet; which they ain’t; because this planet has clouds, as well as oceans, that together regulate the temperature through phase change from vapor to liquid/solid in the atmosphere.

To which I might add,
If the science is settled, we should stop funding the research.
After all, the science of Kepler is settled, is it not? We don’t have to fund research into that question. Same for Newton’s stuff. Einstein’s.
So, we should cut off the funding for computer models of the climate because the science is settled. Let’s fund something else.

Robert Bateman
April 9, 2009 1:24 am

Zeke Hausfather: February, the month of the castastrophic sensor failure, which was led up to by the sensor degrading onboard the satellite.
The 3rd week of February, after the failed sensor was discovered and the correction made. Was the data corrected, or did they just stop collecting the failed data?

Craig Allen
April 9, 2009 1:26 am

The odd thing is that sea ice extent has been increasing at the same time that Antarctic temperatures have been increasing. Totally counter-intuitive! (The Antarctic sea is apparently increasing in temperature by 0.17ºC per decade compared to a global average of 0.1ºC per decade.).
This interesting article provides an explanation of how this can be so.
I guess that the phenomonon described will, to some degree, via albedo increase, be a negative feedback on air coastal Antarctic air temperature. This means that it will be reducing the degree of warming compared to that which the Antarctic that would otherwise be occurring.
Obviously, the proposed mechanism would reach a limit at some threshold temperature, and sea-ice would begin to trend down.
It will be interesting to see what further research reveals that threshold temperature to be.

April 9, 2009 1:32 am

Here’s an animation of the shelf’s edge breaking. Most of the shelf is off to the right and still solidly attached to the continent.
The narrow “bridge is between the main shelf and the island in the upper left.
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/07/images/080714-ice-shelf-photo_PiN.gif
And a map of the peninsula where Wilkins is
http://www.visitandlearn.co.uk/Portals/0/frostbites/Wilkins%20Ice%20shelf%20-%20map.jpg

April 9, 2009 1:44 am

Why is it ok for Al Gore to take a short term trend and extrapolate it ad absurdum but hen I do it it just sounds silly?

Craig Allen
April 9, 2009 1:55 am

The paper that the web article I refer to above summarises is Increasing Antarctic Sea Ice under Warming Atmospheric and Oceanic Conditions, Zhang, 2007, Journal of Climate Volume: 20 Issue: 11 Pages: 2515-2529 (2Mb pdf file).
(Beware: Zhang attempts to quantify the proposed phenomenon using a form of scientific methodology that is known affect global warming sceptics like salt does snails.)

Tim
April 9, 2009 4:13 am

Climate models are failing. The alarming climate predictions are not coming true. It’s all about to blow up in the AGW’s faces soon…….that’s why they are grasping at thin air with news articles like this one.
Hanson’s 1988 predictions are linked below, look how BAD he did.
http://img4.imageshack.us/img4/8569/hanson1988.jpg
Global temperatures are below all three of his scenarios. You don’t have to be very smart to see Hanson can’t model the global climate. So why are any other ‘newer’ models any more accurate??

Jeff Alberts
April 9, 2009 4:20 am

Gerard (21:31:51) :
Either we have less ice or more and either it is getting cooler or warmer what are the facts?

The answer is, “Yes”. It’s called natural variability, and there’s zero evidence that we’re seeing anything but that.