Thoughts on IPCC AR5 SPM – discussion thread

There’s so much to talk about in the IPCC AR5 report, and I have other obligations this weekend. So, it seems time for an open thread on the subject.

IPCC_AR5_OpenThread

A few starting thoughts:

1. It seems news coverage is rather muted. Google News says there are 1087 news media articles that use the phrase “IPCC AR5” as of this writing. That’s low. Typically a major story will get from 2000-4000 stories. Many of the 1087 are blog posts from new media outlets like Huffington Post. The typical outlets like NYT and the Guardian have their obligatory boilerplate coverage, but it doesn’t seem to have much trickle down. The phrase “It doesn’t play in Peoria” might be an apt description of the news coverage.

2. It seems the climate skeptics have landed and have obtained a beachhead. Many stories I’ve viewed contain skeptical opinions, far more so than in 2007 with AR4. Even the NYT in this story U.N. Climate Panel Endorses Ceiling on Global Emissions mentioned the Heartland Institute’s opinion about how many degrees of warming might be expected.

3. The science is apparently not settled at all. The failure of the IPCC to give a “best estimate” number for climate sensitivity, which breaks with tradition in the previous four reports, is remarkable. In a footnote at the bottom of page 11 of the SPM, it seems that there is dissension in the science, and in the ranks:

nobest-estimate-sensitivity[1]

So much for the much ballyhooed “consensus”.

Dr. Roy Spencer sums it up:

A best estimate for climate sensitivity — unarguably THE most important climate change variable — is no longer provided, due to mounting contradictory evidence on whether the climate system really cares very much about whether there are 2, or 3, or 4, parts of CO2 per 10,000 parts atmosphere.

YET…the IPCC claims their confidence has DOUBLED (uncertainty reduced from 10% that 5%) regarding their claim that humans are most of the cause behind the warming trend in the last 50 years or so:

“It is extremely likely that human influence on climate caused more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951-2010.”

4. The things that we saw with the leaked SPM draft that suggested a more moderate approach, seem to have been disappeared. For example, Bob Tisdale has done a before and after comparison here: Side-By-Side Comparison of Draft and Final IPCC AR5 SPM on Warming Plateau and Attribution and noted that “It appears the politicians agreed to delete the attribution discussion of the warming plateau.”

You can do your own comparisons with the two documents:

the final draft (7Jun2013) and the approved final version (27Sep2013)

5. Dr. Richard Lindzen has made a statement, via Climate Depot, that sums up what many of us think, and why AR5 SPM is a credibility train wreck:

I think that the latest IPCC report has truly sunk to level of hilarious incoherence.  They are proclaiming increased confidence in their models as the discrepancies between their models and observations increase.

Their excuse for the absence of warming over the past 17 years is that the heat is hiding in the deep ocean.  However, this is simply an admission that the models fail to simulate the exchanges of heat between the surface layers and the deeper oceans.  However, it is this heat transport that plays a major role in natural internal variability of climate, and the IPCC assertions that observed warming can be attributed to man depend crucially on their assertion that these models accurately simulate natural internal variability.  Thus, they now, somewhat obscurely, admit that their crucial assumption was totally unjustified.

Finally, in attributing warming to man, they fail to point out that the warming has been small, and totally consistent with there being nothing to be alarmed about.  It is quite amazing to see the contortions the IPCC has to go through in order to keep the international climate agenda going.

6. On the plus side, contrary to ongoing claims from that alarmist media mill side there are no mentions of tornadoes and hurricanes in the extreme weather events section. They give low confidence to tropical storm activity being connected to climate change, and don’t mention mesoscale events like tornadoes and thunderstorms at all. Similarly, they give low confidence to drought and flood attribution.

They’ve only talked about heat waves and precipitation events and being connected. From Page 4 of the SPM:

IPCC_AR5_SPM_Extreme

IPCC_AR5_SPM_Table1

This is consistent with what was reported last year in the IPCC SREX report ( IPCC Special Report on Extremes PDF)

From Chapter 4 of the SREX:

  • “There is medium evidence and high agreement that long-term trends in normalized losses have not been attributed to natural or anthropogenic climate change”
  • “The statement about the absence of trends in impacts attributable to natural or anthropogenic climate change holds for tropical and extratropical storms and tornados”
  • “The absence of an attributable climate change signal in losses also holds for flood losses”

Let’s hope this lack of attribution of severe storms to “man made climate change” in AR5 finally nails the lid shut on the claims of Hurricane Sandy, tornado outbreaks, and other favorite “lets not let a good crisis go to waste” media bleatings about climate change.

Now with two IPCC reports making no connection, and with Nature’s editorial last year dashing alarmist hopes of linking extreme weather events to global warming saying:

Better models are needed before exceptional events can be reliably linked to global warming.

…we can finally call it a dead issue.

There’s simply no connection between droughts, hurricanes, thunderstorms, flash floods, tornadoes and “climate change”. Note to Brad Johnson of “Forecast the Facts”, and Bill McKibben of 350.org, both of whom daily try to link weather events to climate change: IPCC says STFU.

There are many more things of interest to discuss, but this should provide a good primer. – Anthony

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Peter Miller
September 28, 2013 8:14 am

We must never forget the grim truth that the IPCC, like all quasi-government bureaucracies, is primarily interested in its own perpetuation. Everything else is a secondary consideration.
George Orwell would be proud of the IPCC and the way it portrays the ‘facts’ about climate.

Latitude
September 28, 2013 8:18 am

RACookPE1978 says:
September 28, 2013 at 6:59 am
But, the “standard excuse” keeps using volcanoes for some reason as a part of the “natural changes” that are the excuse for the “pause” in global warming: Yet there have been NO substantial eruptions since 1991!
=================
and interestingly enough…..if you remove the Pinatubo cooled years 1992-1994….you get this
….a pause in the warming of 22 years
http://stevengoddard.wordpress.com/2013/09/28/warming-pause-is-actually-22-years/

manicbeancounter
September 28, 2013 8:19 am

I have had a look at Figure SPM5 – Radiative forcing components – and compared to the equivalent Figure 2.4 in AR4. Some interesting things emerge.
1. The uncertainty bands for CO2, CH4 and NOx have all been doubled.
2. The forcing effect per unit of CO2 (potency) has been reduced by 10%, whilst that of CH4 has almost doubled.
3. Rather than these factors causing doubt in the minds of the scientists it has not changed their high confidence in the CH4 and NOx figures, and the confidence in the CO2 figures has gone from “high confidence” to “very high confidence”.
4. The forcing impact of halocarbons has been halved, the uncertainty range increased five-fold in absolute terms (ten-fold in percentage terms), yet confidence in the figures has risen from “high confidence” to “very high confidence”.
If I get figures wrong, I tend to lose confidence. But then I am not a climate scientist.
I have laid out my figures at http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/09/28/thoughts-on-ipcc-ar5-spm-discussion-thread/

timspence10
September 28, 2013 8:31 am

The IPCC report seems to have bombed in the Spanish press. The Spanish national TV RTVE mentioned it on the Friday evening weather forecast and then proceeded to cast doubt on it before moving on sharply.

richardscourtney
September 28, 2013 8:33 am

John West:
At September 28, 2013 at 8:13 am you say

This part is absolutely hilarious:
[bolds mine]

Ocean acidification is quantified by decreases in pH13. The pH of ocean surface water has decreased by 0.1 since the beginning of the industrial era (high confidence), corresponding to a 26% increase in hydrogen ion concentration (see Figure SPM.4). {3.8., Box 3.2}

Yes, it is “hilarious”. But I am certain the IPCC authors don’t know why.
If the IPCC is right that (n.b. I doubt they are right) the “pH of ocean surface water has decreased by 0.1 since the beginning of the industrial era” then that would explain ALL of the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration over that time.
The pH change would have altered the equilibrium concentrations of atmospheric and ocean surface layer CO2 such as to have caused the observed rise in atmospheric CO2. And such a pH change may have resulted from submarine volcanism having released more sulphate ions into the thermohaline circulation centuries ago so they have recently reached the ocean surface layer. And the carbonate buffer would not prevent the injection of additional sulphate from inducing the pH change.
Simply, the IPCC statement could be interpreted to be an indication that the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration “since the beginning of the industrial era” was NOT caused by emissions of CO2 from human activities.
Richard

Martin Lewitt
September 28, 2013 8:40 am

A chart has been making the rounds, I think created by wunderground.com, miss-representing this SPM statement by leaving off the highlighted, non-greenhouse part:
“It is extremely likely that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010 was caused by the anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas concentrations AND OTHER ANTHROPOGENIC FORCINGS TOGETHER” [emphasis mine]
Here is the image:
http://icons.wxug.com/hurricane/2013/IPCC_version95.png
Here is where it is posted:
http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=2535&cm_ven=gp

Latitude
September 28, 2013 8:47 am

And the carbonate buffer would not prevent the injection of additional sulphate from inducing the pH change.
====
Biological processes release magnitudes more sulphate than that…..

Lyle
September 28, 2013 8:56 am

Thanks, IPCC. Now I understand what’s been happening.
All that heat created by human CO2 emmitters has sequestered itself in the deep dark oceans where it lurkes, ready to pounce (someday). But, on it’s way to the ocen depths it took time to launch hurricane Sandy, a couple of awful tornadoes, some forest fires in Colorado, floods in southern Alberta and, no doubt, caused Captain Schettino to stear his cruise ship onto the rocks. I now have new bedtime stories to scare my granchildren with.

September 28, 2013 8:56 am

As I said on jonova, I like how the Coyote Blog put it:
The IPCC claims more confidence that warming over the past 60 years is due to man. But this is odd given that the warming all came from 1978 to 1998.
So, only 20 out of the last 60+ years have been warming? And this is supposed to be runaway catastrophic warming?? Not even close.

richardscourtney
September 28, 2013 8:57 am

Latitude:
Your post at says September 28, 2013 at 8:47 am

And the carbonate buffer would not prevent the injection of additional sulphate from inducing the pH change.

Biological processes release magnitudes more sulphate than that…..

“More” than what?
The DMS emission is great but does not go into solution. And the volcanic injection would be an addition to the sulphate from biological processes. Indeed, if the injection disturbs the “biological processes” then that could add to the effect. The pH change from sulphate emissions is not inhibited by the carbonate buffer.
The important point is that the IPCC asserts (without adequate evidence) that the pH change has happened. If so then that pH change could be responsible for ALL the observed rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration since 1750.
Richard

September 28, 2013 8:58 am

I’ve extended the analysis recently posted on WUWT to include the 1850-1900 time period. It shows
The results of the earlier analysis are confirmed
The rate of increase of the temperature slope has remained remarkably constant since 1850
The detection method is first order insensitive to amplitude variations in the natural variation
There is no detectable AGW contribution over the observation interval
An AGW contribution of the magnitude specified in the IPCC AR5 summary would be easily detectable by this method.
Details are available here

Stephana
September 28, 2013 9:01 am

I can live with the claim that Humans are causing most of the warming, since 90% of zero is still zero. Probably the only claim that they have made that hasn’t been debunked yet.

Latitude
September 28, 2013 9:02 am

Richard, too much coffee??
biological processes that make the ocean work produce more acids than CO2 or anything else…
and those same biological processes produce more sulphates than any volcanoes
they have to, or it don’t work

Morph
September 28, 2013 9:08 am

Can’t really comment on the report itself, but the comment about the coverage being lacking is interesting. Here in the UK the Guardian and of course Guardian TV (aka the BBC) gave it full on coverage with headlines on every news channel – which meant the mantra was repeated throughout the day every 20 minutes on BBC News 24 and BBC Radio 5 live – the Beeb’s (usually quite good) live news / sport radio channel.
This was of course quite annoying not helped by one presenter I quite like deciding to indulge in the D-word during his report / interview. Never mind, it is a feeding frenzy and anyone who disagrees is in the “flat earth society” – again.
In amongst this of course there were some positive signs – for a start whenever a “scientist” woudl appear they would be questioned about the pause and when they responded with the “the missing heat is in the oceans” argument at least a couple of tame BBC presenters pointed out the lack of evidence for this.
Added to this Bishop Hill (AW Montford) appeared a few times on the BBC outlets both nationally and in Scotland (where he and I are both based) and seemed reasonable, sensible and calm in pointing out the holes.This could be a positive sign or a sop to the idea that BBC needs to be “more impartial” on this subject. Maybe.
Another thing – BBC news runs in daily cycles – breakfast, mid-day, travelling home time, evening news and last thing at night news. Normally a story like this runs through them all but by the last of those Syria had pushed it off the top spot and the previous reports had been trimmed quite a lot.
Maybe we might get a balanced view from now on, but I doubt it.

Neil Jordan
September 28, 2013 9:15 am

The IPCC news is on the front page of the Los Angeles Times and ninth page of Wall Street Journal. Note that Roger Pielke Jr. was quoted. The LA Times article is at:
http://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-0928-climate-change-20130928,0,2765027.story
[begin quotes]
The world’s leading climate scientists have for the first time established a limit on the amount of greenhouse gases that can be released before the Earth reaches a tipping point and predicted that it will be surpassed within decades unless swift action is taken to curb the current pace of emissions.
[…]
The report also addressed the so-called hiatus, a slowdown in the rise of surface temperature that has been observed over the last 15 years. That slowing of the increase in temperatures has been seized on by skeptics to cast doubt on the science of climate change.
The report touches the subject only briefly, saying that temperatures fluctuate naturally in the short term and “do not in general reflect long-term climate trends.”
[…]
Roger Pielke Jr., a professor of environmental studies at the University of Colorado and a leading critic of the climate science establishment, praised the core science of the report, but said many of its conclusions, including the idea of a carbon dioxide limit, are neither new or surprising. He criticized the panel for not doing more to acknowledge uncertainty over how climate change will express itself in the near term.
“By not addressing the issues associated with the ‘hiatus’ in warming the IPCC missed an opportunity to clarify this issue, and also has guaranteed continuing allegations from its critics that is has dodged this issue,” Pielke said.
[…]

manicbeancounter
September 28, 2013 9:19 am

At the comment above, I gave the wrong link to my analysis of the radiative forcings in the report.
It should be http://manicbeancounter.com/2013/09/28/radiative-forcing-unipcc-ar5-undermines-ar4-but-scientists-have-unshaken-confidence-in-their-work/
Compared with 2007, the forcing components have change for the major greenhouse gases, and the uncertainty bands have increased. But the climate scientists are if anything more confident in their results.

Lance Wallace
September 28, 2013 9:20 am

I tried comparing the draft and final versions using the Word Compare function. (Never used it before–pretty neat!). Got through about half the document before giving up in disgust about the waste of my time. Their estimates of temperature increase are particularly frustrating–they managed to delete the reference period in a few cases, and in another case they replaced the 1850-1900 reference period with “preindustrial” but left the numerical increases the same!
I have about a dozen examples in Dropbox. Including of course the famous footnote, now gone, where they say they can’t give an estimate of climate sensitivity because of disagreement.
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/75831381/AR5%20revisions%20to%20draft%20summary.docx

September 28, 2013 9:21 am

richardscourtney says:
September 28, 2013 at 8:33 am
John West:
At September 28, 2013 at 8:13 am you say
If the IPCC is right that (n.b. I doubt they are right) the “pH of ocean surface water has decreased by 0.1 since the beginning of the industrial era” then that would explain ALL of the rise in atmospheric CO2 concentration over that time.
The pH change would have altered the equilibrium concentrations of atmospheric and ocean surface layer CO2 such as to have caused the observed rise in atmospheric CO2. And such a pH change may have resulted from submarine volcanism having released more sulphate ions into the thermohaline circulation centuries ago so they have recently reached the ocean surface layer.

Except that this doesn’t happen, as I’ve pointed out in the other thread where you raised it!
Sulphate ion is one of the conserved species in the ocean, its concentration is constant relative to the other major ions such as Cl-
Submarine vents and volcanoes are observed to contribute no sulphate to the ocean. E.g. El Hierro: “The degassing of the volcano could be observed from the research vessel Cornide de Saavedra. The composition of these gases was fundamentally CO2 with complete absence of sulfur compounds.”
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/04/120417080336.htm
“4. hydrothermal vents (Table 4-3 from Von Damm et al, 1985). These high-temperature waters differ from seawater in that Mg, SO4 and alkalinity have all been quantitatively removed.”
http://www.ocean.washington.edu/courses/oc400/Lecture_Notes/CHPT4.pdf

markx
September 28, 2013 9:23 am

Re Table SPM.1
“Increased incidence and/or magnitude of extreme high sea level.”
Only “likely” until late 21st century, when it becomes “very likely”?
Given the great certainly expressed on all other parameters, I thought they’d be a bit more sure of this one.

richardscourtney
September 28, 2013 9:23 am

Latitude:
I am copying all your post at September 28, 2013 at 9:02 am

Richard, too much coffee??
biological processes that make the ocean work produce more acids than CO2 or anything else…
and those same biological processes produce more sulphates than any volcanoes
they have to, or it don’t work

I fail to understand why my drinking coffee would make you so obtuse.
Nature emits orders of magnitude more CO2 than human activities, but people claim the emissions of CO2 from human activities are causing the observed rise in atmospheric CO2.
The dynamics of the CO2 sequestration processes indicate those processes can easily sequester all the emitted CO2 (n.b. both natural and anthropogenic) each year. However, the sequestration processes do not sequester all of the emissions each year so the atmospheric CO2 has risen and is rising. This is explicable as being a result of a change to the equilibrium of the carbon cycle.
(ref. Rorsch A, Courtney RS & Thoenes D, ‘The Interaction of Climate Change and the Carbon Dioxide Cycle’ E&E v16no2 (2005) )
It is no more improbable to suggest that submarine volcanism could add sulphate to the ocean surface layer than that human emissions can add CO2 to the atmosphere. Indeed, it is less improbable because the sulphate addition could be enhanced by biota.
The IPCC says the ocean surface layer has altered its pH by 0.1. If that is true then the result would be a change to atmospheric CO2 concentration of the form and magnitude which is observed. This change to atmospheric CO2 would be caused by the alteration to the equilibrium concentrations of CO2 in the air and ocean surface layer. Indeed, this hypothesis would explain the peak in atmospheric CO2 concentration around 1940 which is indicated by the data Beck collated.
I do not know if the sulphate hypothesis is true or not, but it is more likely than the suggestion that emissions of from human activity are accumulating in the air: the observed dynamics refute that suggestion.
Richard

JimS
September 28, 2013 9:24 am

I think I get it now. Nature was responsible for the warming from 1979 to 1998, but humans were responsible for the warming from 1999 to 2013. But there was no warming from 1999 to 2013, you say? Well, I stand by my conclusion.

Latitude
September 28, 2013 9:26 am

I fail to understand why my drinking coffee would make you so obtuse.
=====
Because I’m agreeing with you….and you don’t understand why

richardscourtney
September 28, 2013 9:36 am

Latitude:
At September 28, 2013 at 9:26 am you say you are agreeing with me.
Clearly I have misunderstood your posts addressed to me.
Please explain the meaning of your posts at September 28, 2013 at 8:47 am
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/09/28/thoughts-on-ipcc-ar5-spm-discussion-thread/#comment-1429756
and at September 28, 2013 at 9:02 am
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2013/09/28/thoughts-on-ipcc-ar5-spm-discussion-thread/#comment-1429775
I do not see the agreement and I would like to. Please explain.
Richard

September 28, 2013 9:36 am

Here is an eye opening article on the general poor quality of the released report, including inconsistencies it contains on the Antarctic ice cap and other defects:
“IPCC: Frist AR5 SPM Report Lousy!”
http://informthepundits.wordpress.com/2013/09/28/ipcc-first-ar5-spm-report-lousy/