Guest post by Steven Goddard
http://www.dontmesswithtexas.org/
Dallas, Texas broke their all time record snowfall record this week. How does this compare with earlier Februaries in Texas? February can be a very warm month in Texas. San Antonio hit 100 degrees on February 21, 1996. December and January can also be very hot, with San Antonio reaching 90 degrees on Christmas Day 1955 and 89 degrees on January 30, 1971.
Brenham, Texas is a relatively rural area (population 13,500) centrally located between San Antonio, Houston and Dallas. They have a good temperature record extending back nearly 120 years. According to USHCN records, Brenham was at least as warm 100 years ago as it is now.
Dublin, Texas is another good rural site west of Dallas (population 3,700) which also shows no warming over the last 100 years. Note the big drop in temperatures for both sites around 1960.
Temple, Texas (near Waco) is more of an Urban Heat Island with a population of 60,000 but still shows a similar pattern. The UHI effect is clearly visible over the last 30 years.
Do the Urban Heat Islands of Dallas, Houston, Austin and San Antonio show warming? Absolutely. Does UHI skew the overall temperature data for Texas? Absolutely. San Antonio is the seventh largest city in the US. Houston is the fourth largest city in the US and Dallas is the eighth largest city in the US.
CNN warned yesterday “More Snow Is Coming South” Alarmists blame this on global warming. What would they say if it hit 100 degrees this week in February, like it did in 1996? What do readers think?
I like those four graphs. I can comprehend their minor drawbacks and then place some faith in each one of them. The biggest drawback other than the tricky UHI factor is that they are mean averages which can be very misleading. If we now take the mean temperature for Brenham on any given day and combine this with the mean temperature for, say, the Antarctic Peninsular, on the same day, then what I have then is not a fact in the mathematical sense, but a non integer detached from all reality. Proceed from there around the world, and, given the very best of data, I am left to wonder whether there is any justification for attempting statistical analysis of the resulting figure.
It seems to me that climate scientists are giving the statistical system more credit than it deserves.
Steve Goddard (08:54:29) :
MJK,
We are having an El Nino,
Anomalies didn’t reach el Nino original birth place (SA west coasts) so it is an Aussie Nino who probably will flood australia when temperatures low so as all that humidity to condense..(march, april, may)
http://www.elnino.noaa.gov/
.
This one JonesII (09:21:05) has no meaning without this posted before:
JonesII (09:13:49) : Your comment is awaiting moderation
I’m not in favor of dropping UHI measurements, for the people living there, that is the temperature they’re experiencing, that is their weather.
If someone is trying to map anomalies in global temperature, then only rural temperatures should be used, or sites far enough (how far is that he asked?) from the urban center to be nearly rural (yeah, I know, nebulous concept).
As has been pointed out before, when you ride a motorcycle, you are very sensitive to local temperatures. Driving on 56th Street in Phoenix/Scottsdale in the 60s, could run you from pleasant, to chilly, to pleasant in the space of a few yards as you passed through an orange orchard. Closer to Camelback Road, the temperature could even reach hot, as the mountain re-radiated its daily accumulation of energy.
Don’t hide the UHI, it may cause people to rethink how they treat green spaces, I’m all for pleasant if I can have it.
Quote: Jerry (06:33:48) :
OT, but Oliver K. Manuel made some fascinating claims:
“Earth’s heat source is not a ball of Hydrogen (H), it is not heated primarily by H-fusion, solar neutrinos do not oscillate away to preserve fairy tales, neutrons repulsion powers the stars and the cosmos, nuclear matter is dissociating rather than fusing together in our vibrant universe, etc., etc.”
Can someone here give me some good links about these ideas? I’d like to read more, in detail.
Thanks!
– – – – – – – – –
Reply to Jerry:
1. Go to my research profile, with links to several papers: http://myprofile.cos.com/manuelo09
2. Join the discussion about neutron repulsion:
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/neutron_repulsion/join or
mailto:neutron_repulsion-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
3. Read the recent paper and backtrack the references:
“Earth’s Heat Source-The Sun”, Energy and Environment 20 (2009) 131-144
http://arxiv.org/pdf/0905.0704
Speaking of Texas, Perry’s AG just filed suit challenging the EPA’s CO2 “endangerment” finding.
http://planetgore.nationalreview.com/post/?q=Zjc3M2JjNDVmN2UyMDJhMDA0MDgxM2JlZjUxODc0N2Q=
Frank (06:39:29) :
“It is unfortunate that UK newspapers seem to be the only ones who will present the facts.”
Maybe the US media cannot keep the lid on anymore?
Wall Street Journal;
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703630404575053781465774008.html?mod=WSJ_article_MoreIn
Texas is taking the EPA to court over it’s CO2 Endangerment finding. Seems like everyone is piling on Lisa lately. ;D
From: http://governor.state.tx.us/news/press-release/14253/
AUSTIN – Gov. Rick Perry, Attorney General Greg Abbott and Agriculture Commissioner Todd Staples today announced that the state is taking legal action in the U.S. Court of Appeals challenging the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) endangerment finding for greenhouse gases.
“Texas is aggressively seeking its future in alternative energy through incentives and innovation, not mandates and overreaching regulation,” Gov. Perry said. “The EPA’s misguided plan paints a big target on the backs of Texas agriculture and energy producers and the hundreds of thousands of Texans they employ. This legal action is being taken to protect the Texas economy and the jobs that go with it, as well as defend Texas’ freedom to continue our successful environmental strategies free from federal overreach.”
The state has filed a Petition for Review with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, and will also file a Petition for Reconsideration with the Environmental Protection Agency, asking the administrator to review her decision. The state’s legal action indicates EPA’s Endangerment Finding is legally unsupported because the agency outsourced its scientific assessment to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which has been discredited by evidence of key scientists’ lack of objectivity, coordinated efforts to hide flaws in their research, attempts to keep contravening evidence out of IPCC reports and violation of freedom of information laws.
The 6th Grader UHI video, once again! 😎
Quote: L Lucy (07:06:28) :
“Great point – group science is an oxymoron. I think the best way to avoid group science is to foster independent learning, and individual (and varied) learning systems. The best way to promulgate group science (or any “group think”) is to make sure education is uniform and all children are taught the same dogmas from the same pulpit.”
– – – –
Reply to Lucy:
I agree. But the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the research agencies that they control (NASA, DOE, NSF, etc) always seek to advance their funding.
That means that NASA, DOE, etc want good Public Relations (PR) so they will get more funding next year!
When the first lunar samples were analyzed, one scientist reported that an unknown process was making Krypton-78 (the lightest isotope of element #36) on the Moon.
NASA really liked that story. Think how many members of the public had read in comic books about Superman being vulnerable to Kryptonite!
“Mysterious Krypton being manufactured on the Moon” – What a story!
We now know that mass fractionation in the Sun enriches the lightweight isotopes of Krypton and other elements that are implanted in lunar samples by the solar wind, as shown by these 1972 measurements on the isotopes of Krypton and Xenon in lunar soil sample #15601.64:
http://www.omatumr.com/Data/1972Data1.htm
Solar mass fractionation only changes the abundances of these heavy elements by a few percent per mass unit (e.g. ~3.5% per mass unit across the nine stable isotopes of Xenon).
That same mass fractionation increases the H/Fe (Hydrogen:Iron) ratio at the surface of the Sun by a factor of ~100,000,0000!
MJK,
If you looked at an equal area projection centered over Asia you would see that there are about equal areas of land “significantly” above and below normal. Russia is a huge country. You also don’t see Antarctica because RSS doesn’t include it.
Steve Goddard (11:10:07) :
Dr Roy Spencer’s satellite temperature map for january shows Antarctica, and it showed above normal. http://www.drroyspencer.com/. I agree that Russia is a large area but so are the many other areas I mentioned in earlier posts.
re – Mike C in NS (10:58:04) :
From the “Peter and his Dad” video, where they compared Rural vs Urban sites within in the US:
Global Warming US Cities Getting Warmer
In the study, rural sites are within 100 km of the urban site.
They chose these sites in Texas
R Boerne 29.8 N 98.7 W 425722530080 rural area
U San Antonio/I 29.5 N 98.5 W 425722530000 1,324,000
Both sites have continuous data for 1904 to 2006, with no gaps, per GISS. Here are my spreadsheet calculations for these two sites.
Average Annual Temp Deg C for 1904 to 2006
Boerne ________________18.6
San Antonia/I__________20.0
Difference______________1.4
Linear trend Deg C per 100 yrs
Boerne ________________-0.33
San Antonia/I___________ 1.22
Trend of deltas__________1.55
Looking at the data-
The temperature differences are at least 1 DegC higher at Urban “San Antonia/I” every year after 1943.
By 1984 the annual temperature differences have grown to about 2 DegC, and continue to average 2 degrees difference for the 23 years 1984 through 2006.
Mike McMillan (09:11:23) :
…I just don’t think Terry Pratchett is a reliable source. In fact, it is my belief that Terry Pratchett makes up some of the stuff in his books.
Now hold on there. Terry Pratchett lives in Wiltshire, the same county as I do. I can assure you that we are not in the habit of making things up and then publishing them. We are a very long way away from East Anglia – we leave it to them in that university to do things like that.
typo
the Urban site is “San Antonio/I” (not San Antonia, which was my poor typing).
As of last night the forecast was for a series of storms to come ashore in California next week with Accuweather calling for rain nearly every day next week. So the potential for storms across the rest of the US is definitely there. Next week will be interesting.
anna v (07:47:49) quotes Oliver K. Manuel (Feb 16 04:35):
“Since the return of Apollo with the first lunar samples in 1969, the same consensus “group science” has taken control of our most prestigious journals (Nature, Science, etc) and research institutions (NAS, NASA, DOE, Cal-tech, Harvard, University of Chicago, University of Bern, etc) and reduced astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, solar and space sciences, nuclear and particle physics to popular fairy tales.”
OM : The above is factually correct. I should have also included our most trusted news media – BBC, CBS, PBS, NBC, etc.
– – – – – –
av: “I take great exception to this blanket statement of yours. It certainly is not true in my field, particle physics, which in my 40 year experience I saw changing views and research directions several times. . . .
OM: You worked in particle physics? Did you publish any papers? Please provide a link to your research profile.
– – – – – –
av: Certainly some science is popularized, and it should be, but to call it fairy tales is beyond the pale.
OM: A spade is a darn shovel: Modern astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, etc. are fairy tales.
There is not a ball of Hydrogen anywhere in the universe, but this lightest of all elements covers the surfaces of almost all of them.
Wake up!
– – – – – –
av: You do not sound very reasonable:
OM: You do?
– – – – – –
av quotes OM: “Earth’s heat source is not a ball of Hydrogen (H), it is not heated primarily by H-fusion, solar neutrinos do not oscillate away to preserve fairy tales, neutrons repulsion powers the stars and the cosmos, nuclear matter is dissociating rather than fusing together in our vibrant universe, etc., etc.”
OM: That is what the data tell us.
– – – – – –
av: That neutrinos oscillate I know for sure, and the errors are not climatology errors and the scrutiny of the data was intense.
OM: What detectors did you use to independently conclude that “neutrinos oscillate I know for sure”?
I made a few measurements on double beta decay, a very slow decay process that produces two neutrinos (v):
(A,Z) => (A, Z ± 2) + 2 e + 2 v
Our measurements confirmed that basic conservations laws are preserved for these neutrino producing events over time periods up to ~10^24 years [Nuclear Physics A453 (1986) 26-44; Nuclear Physics A457 (1986) 285; Nuclear Physics A 481 (1988) 477-483; Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 17, S221-S229 (1991); Nuclear Physics A529 (1991) 29-38].
And you claim to have independent evidence neutrinos oscillate away before they can travel from the core of the Sun to the neutrino−detectors here on Earth?
– – – – – –
av: Judging from this the value I give to this paragraph of yours is very low.
OM: I will await information on your neutrino detector.
– – – – – –
av: I can state with Terry Pratchett that the earth is a disk riding on four elephants which ride on a turtle and the sun is a ball of flame going around them and the elephants lift up their legs for the sun and moon to go by without colliding with them. Lovely books where light has such low velocity that it pours down the mountains.
OM: You just did.
– – – – – –
av: So are you peddling science fiction ?
OM: No, you’ve got that market cornered.
– – – – – –
I look forward to details of you neutrino measurements.
With kind regards,
Oliver K. Manuel
Emeritus Professor of
Nuclear & Space Studies
Former NASA PI for Apollo
Can someone please inform me as to the current status of those former poster children of the AGW fraternity: those migrating armadillos?
Are they still heading north across the Mexican border? Have they returned south? Or are they staying put and hibernating? Their meanderings fell-off the world’s news media radar when the much sexier polar bears turned up. As a Concerned Citizen I would like an update.
MJK,
I did an equal area projection of land areas from Spencer’s image and removed colored areas where temperatures were close to normal.
http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddw82wws_40642t373gp
Most of the land surface is close to normal, but the large January land anomaly was dominated by portions of Canada and Greenland.
MJK,
As has been mentioned there is an El Nino, thus temps are warmer. This produced a record setting January (for the short time range over which we have satellite records). So what does this have to do with climate or CO2? El Nino is a naturally varying cycle which causes changes in weather patterns.
I think you have missed the point of the article. Look at the last paragraph, “CNN warned yesterday ‘More Snow Is Coming South’ Alarmists blame this on global warming. What would they say if it hit 100 degrees this week in February, like it did in 1996? What do readers think?”
The point, I think, is this: Lots of snow is not a result expected from Global Warming.
Dave in Delaware (11:47:16) :
“By 1984 the annual temperature differences have grown to about 2 DegC, and continue to average 2 degrees difference for the 23 years 1984 through 2006.”
That tells you that the two stations have similar trends over that time period. Absolute temperatures are not important here; trends are. If UHI causes a steady offset of 2 C over the period of interest, then UHI is not important to the analysis over that period.
The relevant slopes are during the period of purported warming. I’ll go 1980 to current, in USHCN data (not GISS; these stations stop in 2006 in GISS)
Linear trend, Raw, deg C/decade
Boerne +0.27
San Antonio Airport +0.30
Linear trend, adjusted, deg C/decade
Boerne +0.28
San Antonio Airport +0.44
If you were thinking Boerne was a good UHI-less station, then there was real warming there in the last ~30 years. It’s there in the raw data, it’s there in the adjusted data.
San Antonio Airport shows a similar trend in the raw data, and a bit stronger in the adjusted. Go figure, but it can happen. I’d have to check how much of that was TOB, and how much of it was homogenisation.
Re: Oliver K. Manuel (Feb 16 12:06),
For my own reasons I do not want to use my full identity on these open boards.
Yes, I have many publications in particle physics, (you do not have to believe me though) but not in neutrino oscillations. My last experiment with neutrinos was back in the 1980s and neutrino oscillations are new.
For those interested, evidence for neutrino oscillations is summarized in the talk below:
http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1114392/files/p159.pdf
Paragraph 4 discusses data, and there are reactor neutrino data and accelerator neutrino data that do show oscillations. ( in addition to solar neutrino with all the sun model assumptions).
The AGW fabulists have completely misused the term “climate”, and attempting to claim that “climate” and “weather” are entirely different things is preposterous. Climate is defined by no more than a collection or series of weather events. The cry that a few local warm weather events in other parts of the world offsets the reasonably measured cold weather events across widespread areas in the US, Europe and Asia beggers belief. So exactly how many temperature stations are monitored in Asia or China, or South America or Africa? Using highly localized warm weather events at a few points across the planet to ballyhoo their fabulist beliefs and then crying foul when measured widespread cold weather events across the US and Europe are cited is the height of arrogance.
The lack of world wide temperature measuring stations, and lack of assurance of even quality control at the few temperature measuring stations there are in other parts of the world demonstrates that it is no more than dogma the AGW fabulists are spouting.
Anthony has well demonstrated that our own temperature measuring stations measure other than the general or “average” temperature of the air in many instances, beyond the immediate extremely local area of the measuring stations, and there has been no generally accepted methodology of making all of the “adjustments” to the raw temperate data that these fabulists have been making.
Simple.
Cold weather means global warning.
Hot weather means global warming.
Next question?
Answer – global warming.
Ug!
As Jones II points out, the MWP was global. Here are some studies from an earlier post here at WUWT:
Canada:
Five thousand years of sediment transfer in a high arctic watershed recorded in annually laminated sediments from Lower Murray Lake, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada
Cook, T.L., Bradley, R.S., Stoner, J.S. and Francus, P. 2009; Journal of Paleolimnology 41: 77-94
“Recent temperatures were the warmest since the fourteenth century, but similar conditions existed intermittently during the period spanning ~4000–1000 varve years ago.”
http://www.geo.umass.edu/climate/papers2/cook2008.pdf
Data – http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/metadata/noaa-lake-6195.html
Summer temperatures in the Canadian Rockies during the last millennium: a revised record
Luckman, B.H. and Wilson, R.J.S. 2005; Climate Dynamics 24: 131-144
“The reconstruction shows warm intervals, comparable to twentieth century values, for the first half of the eleventh century, the late 1300s and early 1400s.”
“In fact, 1434 (1.69°C) showed the warmest reconstructed summer, followed by 1967 (1.46°C) and 1936 (1.45°C).”
http://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/homes/rwilson6/Publications/LuckmanandWilson2005.pdf
South America:
A quantitative high-resolution summer temperature reconstruction based on sedimentary pigments from Laguna Aculeo, central Chile, back to AD 850.
von Gunten, L., Grosjean, M., Rein, B., Urrutia, R. and Appleby, P. 2009.; The Holocene 19: 873-881
“Our data provide quantitative evidence for the presence of a Medieval Climate Anomaly(in this case, warm summers between AD 1150 and 1350; T = +0.27 to +0.37°C with respect to (wrt) twentieth century)…”
http://www.geography.unibe.ch/lenya/giub/live/research/see/publikationen/articles/Von-Gunten-et-al_2009_HOL_summer-T-Aculeo.pdf
Tropical glacier and ice core evidence of climate change on annual to millennial time scales
Thompson, L.G., Mosley-Thompson, E., Davis, M.E., Lin, P.-N., Henderson, K. and Mashiotta, T.A. 2003; Climatic Change 59: 137-155
“This composite δ18Oice record shows enriched δ18Oice from 1140 to 1250 AD, possibly reflecting the ‘Medieval Warm Period’…”
http://bprc.osu.edu/Icecore/Thompsonetal-climatic-change-2003.pdf
Africa:
A preliminary 3000-year regional temperature reconstruction for South Africa
Holmgren, K., Tyson, P.D., Moberg, A. and Svanered, O. 2001; South African Journal of Science 97: 49-51
“Medieval warming with a maximum at around AD 1500 and a pronounced warm episode around 100 BC were prominent features of the record.”
http://www.sabinet.co.za/abstracts/sajsci/sajsci_v97_n1_2_a12.xml
The Little Ice Age and medieval warming in South Africa
Tyson, P.D., Karlen, W., Holmgren, K. and Heiss, G.A. 2000; South African Journal of Science 96: 121-126
“The climate of the interior of South Africa was around 1oC cooler in the Little Ice Age and may have been over 3°C higher than at present during the extremes of the medieval warm period.”
http://home.arcor.de/gheiss/Personal/Abstracts/SAJS2000_Abstr.html
China:
Alkenone-based reconstruction of late-Holocene surface temperature and salinity changes in Lake Qinghai, China
Liu, Z., Henderson, A.C.G. and Huang, Y. 2006; Geophysical Research Letters 33: 10.1029/2006GL026151
“Oscillating warm and cold periods could be related to the 20th century warm period, the Little Ice Age, the Medieval Warm Period, the Dark Ages Cold Period, and the Roman Warm Period.”
http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2006GL026151.shtml
Climate variability in central China over the last 1270 years revealed by high-resolution stalagmite records
Paulsen, D.E., Li, H.-C. and Ku, T.-L. 2003; Quaternary Science Reviews 22: 691-701
“The changes include those corresponding to the Medieval Warm Period Little Ice Age and 20th-century warming lending support to the global extent of these events.”
http://www.barlang.hu/pages/science/angol/QSR2003_691.pdf
New Zealand and Indonesia:
Short-term climate change and New Zealand temperatures during the last millennium
Wilson, A.T., Hendy, C.H. and Reynolds, C.P. 1979; Nature 279: 315-317
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v279/n5711/abs/279315a0.html
Climate and hydrographic variability in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool during the last millennium.
Newton, A., Thunell, R. and Stott, L. 2006; Geophysical Research Letters 33: 10.1029/2006GL027234
“The warmest temperatures and highest salinities occurred during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP)…”
http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~wsoon/MiyaharaHiroko08-d/NewtonThunellStott06-ITCZsouthLIA.pdf
Data – http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/pubs/newton2006/newton2006.html
Greenland:
Oxygen isotope and palaeotemperature records from six Greenland ice-core stations: Camp Century
ohnsen, S.J., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gundestrup, N., Steffensen, J.P., Clausen, H.B., Miller, H., Masson-Delmotte, V., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A.E. and White, J. 2001; Journal of Quaternary Science 16: 299-307
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/82002932/abstract
Holocene environmental variability in southern Greenland inferred from lake sediments
Kaplan, M.R., Wolfe, A.P. and Miller, G.H. 2002; Quaternary Research 58: 149-159
“Intervals of ameliorated limnological conditions occurred between 1300 and 900 and between 500 and 280 cal yr B.P., briefly interrupting the decreasing trend in productivity that culminated in the Little Ice Age. Increased lake productivity during the latter half of the 20th century, which reflects the limnological response to circum-arctic warming, still has not reached peak Holocene values.”
http://faculty.eas.ualberta.ca/wolfe/eprints/Kaplan%20et%20al%20QR%202002.pdf
Russia:
800-yr-long records of annual air temperature and precipitation over southern Siberia inferred from Teletskoye Lake sediments
Kalugin, I., Daryin, A., Smolyaninova, L., Andreev, A., Diekmann, B. and Khlystov, O. 2007; Quaternary Research 67: 400-410
“Comparison of these reconstructed Siberian records with the annual record of air temperature for the Northern Hemisphere shows similar trends in climatic variability over the past 800 yr.”
http://epic.awi.de/Publications/Kal2006a.pdf
Environmental changes in the northern Altai during the last millennium documented in Lake Teletskoye pollen record
Andreev, A.A., Pierau, R., Kalugin, I.A., Daryin, A.V., Smolyaninova, L.G. and Diekmann, B. 2007; Quaternary Research 67: 394-399
“Around AD 1200, regional climate became warmer and more humid than present, as revealed by an increase of Siberian pine and decreases of dry herb taxa and charcoal contents.”
http://epic.awi.de/Publications/And2005g.pdf
Antarctica:
Oxygen-isotope (δ18O) evidence of Holocene hydrological changes at Signy Island, maritime Antarctica
Noon, P.E., Leng, M.J. and Jones, V.J. 2003; The Holocene 13: 251-263
“Strong similarities with other Holocene proxy records from the Weddell Sea and Antarctic Peninsula Region are apparent, including the mid-Holocene climate optimum followed by the Neoglacial and, most recently, late twentieth-century climatic warming.”
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=14975253
Unstable climate oscillations during the Late Holocene in the Eastern Bransfield Basin, Antarctic Peninsula
Khim, B.-K., Yoon, H.I., Kang, C.Y. and Bahk, J.J. 2002; Quaternary Research 58: 234-245
“The late Holocene records clearly identify Neoglacial events of the Little Ice Age (LIA) and Medieval Warm Period (MWP). Other unexplained climatic events comparable in duration and amplitude to the LIA and MWP events also appear in the MS record, suggesting intrinsically unstable climatic conditions during the late Holocene in the Bransfield Basin of Antarctic Peninsula.”
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WPN-47G345R-3&_user=10&_coverDate=11%2F30%2F2002&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1209278974&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=949091ba6045406504bbb94039472b0d