Google can be a great aid to serendipity. Doing some Googling the other day I was surprised to find a couple of my images from How not to measure temperature, Part 42 being used by a company that sells thermal imaging equipment. The company, Thermographix, wrote quite a long essay claiming that the IPCC missed a component of global warming in their reports by not addressing the heat from buildings and land use change on surface temperatures.
While I don’t agree with some of the claims in the article, I thought it was worth reproducing here because I’ve been saying for some time that the MMTS electronic thermometer phased in by NOAA since the mid 1980’s has been picking up heat from buildings due to cable trenching issues placing them closer to buildings. For example this visible and IR photo set I snapped at the USHCN station in Perry, Oklahoma:
Perry OK, USHCN station of record. Downtown at the fire station. Visible and IR
In the photo above, taken looking SE, the wall of the fire station appears to have been warmed by the afternoon sun, because as you can see the shaded area on the left side of the IR photo, it is cooler. The issue is: how much will this heat the air in the vicinity of the thermometer?
Thermographix has lots of similar IR photos to illustrate how buildings and building materials display their heat. The report below is from their website at:
http://www.thermoguy.com/globalwarming-heatgain.html
UN, CANADA, U.S., STATES, CITIES, ECONOMY, ETC. MISSING CRITICAL DATA ON GLOBAL WARMING CAUSE
Buildings on the surface of the entire planet and in every country are designed with temperature considerations. We want to use as little energy as possible, not waste non-renewable resources, create as few GHG emissions as possible and not generate any heat atmospherically.
The emissions from burning fossil fuels are toxic, contain mercury and end up in our water, food and bodies. Emissions can promote acid rain and affect the ability to sustain life. We don’t want to waste fossil fuels because they can’t be renewed. We don’t want to create heat on the surface of the planet because that changes the weather formula. Weather is the interaction of cold air, warm air and water vapor. Creating heat on the surface of the planet will affect weather, climate, agriculture, pollinators(food source) employment, economy, health, etc.
All the laws are in place to achieve the above but the bottom line is the entire global process is signed off as compliant because every university, tech school and academia in the world teaches temperature considerations in a calculator. Hard to imagine all the sciences are blind to temperature except it is a reality. Our visible spectrum can’t see temperature until it is glowing red hot. The United Nations and their membership are discussing climate change but in fact are blind and missing critical data.
PICTURES OF A WEATHER STATION
The next 2 pictures are going to show you the tools used to collect weather information. Take a look at the advanced technologies used in weather stations.
Here is a close up of the weather station
This page is important information for you on buildings that is not available to you. Your home or commercial property is signed off as compliant and insured. Your realtor, inspector, builder, developer and government do not verify your building compliance. This is free information you need to consider if you are buying, building or renovating. If you are building “green” this will open your eyes as to what that really means. It will shock you to see how California & other areas are knocked off the electrical grid treating heat symptoms. Hard to believe all of the electricity generated is wasted on a symptom and being blamed on economy.
Buildings use energy differently in the winter than it does in the summer. This page is related to heat gain associated with building design and energy use. Heat loss and images showing energy waste related to heat loss can be seen at HEAT LOSS FROM BUILDINGS
The information on this page isn’t controversial, it is simply the evolution of temperature measurement out of the calculator so objectives can be seen instead of assumed. This information is the result of thousands of hours of the most advanced temperature research in the world and is being lectured internationally in educational programs for medical professionals.
Buildings are designed to fluctuate with atmospheric temperature so there isn’t a heat gain atmospherically and so there isn’t more heat generated than the building is designed, insulated or insured for. You can see the weather station above isn’t providing us with UV and solar radiation impact. This page is to see the impact of solar interaction with development.
This first image was taken at 5:20 AM and the temperature outside was 59 degrees F. The thermal image should show the building fluctuating with the atmospheric temperatures.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image for comparison to the 59 degree F outdoor temperature.
BEFORE SUNRISE
The house is fairly consistent with atmospheric temperatures before sunrise. You can see the concrete steps holding heat from the day before.
AFTER SUNRISE
The next image was taken 2 hours after sunrise. It is 7:30 AM and the temperature is 63 degrees F. In theory the building should be fluctuating with atmospheric temperature. Put your mouse over the picture to see the thermal image. Is the building heating the atmosphere?
Solar exposure on absorbent finishes has caused the building to generate extreme heat as high as 149 degrees F when it is 63 degrees F. Surface materials are all hotter than atmospheric temperature very early in the morning. That generated heat is heating the atmosphere as well as exceeding the design temperature of the building.
BRAND NEW CONSTRUCTION
When the first set of images were shown to building professionals they assumed that it was isolated to a few buildings. The previous images verified solar impact so we wanted to highlight the solar impact on new construction. The next picture shows roofs with and without shingles on buildings designed for a maximum of 92 degrees F or 33 degrees C.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The shingles are generating extreme heat the building isn’t designed, insulated or insured for very early in the morning.
FIRE RECONSTRUCTION
The building below is new fire reconstruction after a forest fire interfaced with this city. The building is designed for a maximum of 92 degrees F and it is a 59 degree F day. Is the building fluctuating with atmospheric temperature or exceeding design temperature?
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The same UV that burns our skin has caused excitation of solar exposed finishes causing the building to generate heat. This is at 11:00 AM and you can see the shaded areas performance versus solar exposure. The building isn’t designed for the temperatures it is generating and it is heating the atmosphere.
FIRESTORM 2003 KELOWNA FIRE RECONSTRUCTION
Kelowna lost over 240 homes in the Firestorm 2003 where a forest fire interfaced with Kelowna. The reconstruction was the newest construction standards. The next image will show if the building exterior is absorbing the sun’s rays or generating heat that was then absorbed.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The reconstruction above shows the solar performance of different materials including shaded areas. All of the construction materials are exceeding the atmospheric temperature of 70 degrees F and the roof is close to 100 degrees F over atmospheric temperatures. This is warming the atmosphere and contributing to weather changes.
HOUSE PAINTED DARK COLORS
The next image was taken on a July day in 2002, 4 PM PST. The temperature is 95° F and the building is designed for 92° F. This 3 degree margin would be acceptable to accommodate those times of the year when it is marginally warmer. Observe the dark color of the siding, the lighter shingles, the tree and the fact there is foil over the windows. Covering the windows on the inside or outside is an attempt to stop the sun from coming through the windows and causing heat indoors.
Hold your mouse over the picture and the thermal image will appear. Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The wall is designed, insulated and insured for a maximum of 92 degrees F and in some areas it is 100 degrees over design temperature. The foil over the windows isn’t addressing the problem, the heat is coming through the walls that aren’t designed for the extreme temperatures. In 2005, this home added a window air conditioner and in 2007 they added 2 more window air conditioners to treat the indoor heat. The air conditioners requires the electrical generation of 1000s of watts per hour to treat the indoor heat symptom and the heat generated outside isn’t discussed. In areas where coal is used to generate the electricity there are mercury emissions as well as acid rain contributions.
NEW COMMERCIAL CONSTRUCTION
The next building is new development where they have used dark absorbent finishes on the solar exposed sides of the building. It is 91 degrees F outside, is the building generating heat that exceeds the maximum temperature of 92 degrees F?
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The new construction is generating heat 100 degrees F over design temperature. The building isn’t insulated for these temperatures and the generated heat is heating the atmosphere.
PLACE OF PRAYER
The next image is of a church on an 86 degree F Day. There are several types of finishes on the solar exposed side of the building. Observe the tree, grass, brick, shingles and the brown ducting on the roof. Put your mouse over the image and see if the building is functioning close to the atmospheric temperature of 86 degrees F or if the building is exceeding its maximum design temperature of 92 degrees F.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The building is generating extreme heat. Note the tree or grass is functioning within atmospheric temperatures and not imposing on the atmosphere. The building is designed for a maximum of 92 degrees F and the heat generated grossly exceeds 92 F so the heat transfers inside. The duct on the roof is the air conditioning treating the indoor heat symptoms. The air conditioning requires 1000s of watts per hour of wasted electrical generation.
ROW HOUSING
The next image is row housing, put your mouse over the picture and see the impact of solar radiation.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The trees and green space is much cooler than the absorbent building finishes. Landscaping and responsible paint finishes could deal with this heat problem, taller trees would provide shade cover with zero emissions. Eliminating the heat would eliminate atmospheric heat.
GOLF COURSE DEVELOPMENT
We have observed several different types of construction and the rule has been solar radiation is causing heat generation on buildings. The next image will show you a new development surrounded by trees. To make room for development, trees were cut down and the ground was scraped of everything living.
This image is significant in that it was taken to see a temperature image of development against the natural green space. Bigger cities would be performing the same except on a bigger scale. This upscale neighborhood employs the latest in environmentally friendly technologies. The homes use geo thermal ground source energy for the heating and cooling except energy consumption depends on the building design temperatures. This development is designed, insulated and insured for a maximum temperature of 92 degrees F. The temperature outside is 71 degrees F, is the development fluctuating with atmospheric temperature?
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The development is twice atmospheric temperature and exceeding design temperatures in the morning. Due the indoor heat gain, portable air conditioning and other energy use is employed trying to cool the indoor temperature. Geo thermal isn’t being represented well.
DEVELOPMENT BESIDE ORCHARD
The next images were taken in May on a 70 degree F day. The picture shows an orchard beside a development. The orchard is considered a green space and would be our temperature objective for development. Put your mouse over the picture to see the temperatures associated with the area. Is the development generating heat atmospherically as well as heat the buildings aren’t designed, insulated or insured for?
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The heat generated by the development is twice the temperature of the orchard. The orchard has since been removed and there is a new development with an environmental name being built right now. The new construction finishes will generate more heat.
NEW HOUSING DEVELOPMENT
This new development is designed for a maximum of 92 degrees C and codes acknowledge there may be a few days where the temperature is slightly warmer. The temperature today is 94 degrees F and the development should be fluctuating with atmospheric temperatures. Look at the trees, grass, shade and green space compared to pavement and absorbent building finishes.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
Solar radiation with absorbent exterior finishes is generating extreme heat that exceeds the buildings design temperature. The building isn’t designed, insulated or insured for those extreme temperatures. We use air conditioning to react to a symptom. The heat generation atmospherically contributes to lower air pressure and changes the weather formula.
CUT BLOCK HEAT GENERATION
The cut block is an example of tree harvesting. You can see they have removed all of the trees and ground cover. Put your mouse over the next picture and see if there is solar impact by exposing the ground cover?
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
Removing complete ground cover is generating heat in the cutblock. The heat is over twice atmospheric temperature and a heat gain atmospherically. Pine Beetles have devastated 50,000 sq. miles of BC Forests and the response has been clear cutting. Look at the heat of the cut block and imagine the heat generation of 50,000 sq. miles of dead forested area. The extreme heat generation will contribute to lower air pressure and changes the weather formula for the globe.
SOLAR IMPACT ON BUILDINGS IN COLD WEATHER
Solar exposure is year round and we wanted to see the effect of solar impact in the colder seasons. The next image was taken in October on a 44 degree day at 10:30 A.M. You can see different building finishes and the shade of the tree on the building in the front. Put your mouse over the picture and see the effect of shade as well as the thermal performance of different building finishes.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
You can clearly see the effect and importance of shade if you are going to finish your building in absorbent paints or material. The part of the building that is shaded is still cooler than atmospheric temperature. Exposed absorbent finishes are generating heat that is warming the atmosphere.
SOLAR RADIATION IMPACT ON BUILDINGS IN WINTER
To complete the seasonal impact of solar exposure required imaging building exteriors in the winter. Building exteriors should be fluctuating with atmospheric temperatures so there isn’t a heat gain atmospherically. Radiated heat would contribute to low air pressure and change weather.
Pine Beetles have devastated 50,000 acres of BC forests costing billions of dollars in BC alone. Scientists say it is the loss of freeze thaw cycles that is leading to more beetle infestation. Our imaging in the winter was to see the impact of solar expose. Canada is further away from the sun and the angle is lower so the UV index is lower.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The UV index is lower and this generated heat won’t require an air conditioning response. You can see the heat generated over the solar exposed side of the building versus the shaded side of the building. The building is generating over 140 degree F heat on a 48 degree day and contributes to low pressure changing weather.
MULTI FAMILY DWELLING
The next image is to show the thermal performance of brand new multi-family dwellings. Observe the solar exposed and shaded side temperatures.
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The siding and shingles are generating heat over 100 degrees F on a 48 degree day while the shaded side of the building shows the temperature without solar exposure. This is a heat gain atmospherically in the winter.
SOLAR EXPOSURE ON BUILDING FINISHES IN JUNE
The next images show 2 buildings on June 27, 2006. The one in the front is older and the one behind isn’t finished and has plywood on the exterior that will be covered with brown stucco. Observe the shade temperature and the piece of insulation that has been placed on the roof to see solar performance. The temperature at 10 AM is 84 degrees F; is the building fluctuating with atmospheric temperatures?
Spot temperatures have been placed on the thermal image.
The insulation and shade are cooler than atmospheric temperature while the solar exposed building material is generating 70 degrees F hotter than atmospheric temperature.
…
SUMMARY
Solar exposure is causing absorbent building exteriors to generate extreme heat the building isn’t designed, insulated or insured for. We are treating the symptoms with air conditioning, gigawatts of electricity waste, excessive GHG emissions including mercury, wasting non renewable resources and generating atmospheric heat close to boiling temperature.
Air conditioning is in fact refrigeration which is reported to deplete the ozone allowing more UV. We are using it in 100% of building applications in response to solar exposure.
California as well as other states and provinces are creating massive GHG emissions reacting to the symptoms while we blame the emissions on economy. During our information gathering, it was ironic to hear of the Governor of California meeting Branson, Tony Blair, environment groups, etc to discuss reducing emissions without losing economy. At the same time, California and other areas are producing massive GHG emissions as well as ozone depletion generating electricity to treat the symptoms of heat waves.
Canada and the world are calling for emission reduction immediately and the reality is we are installing air conditioning in every new building. It is impossible to develop effective policy when the science is lacking.
Environment Canada code for the reduction of refrigerants Environmental Code of Practice for Elimination of Fluorocarbon Emissions from Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems
Canadian Environment Minister Press Release in September, 2007. Canada Contributes to Major International Agreement to Protect the Ozone Layer and Tackle Climate Change
Heat impacts weather and we are generating extreme heat that in some cases reaches close to boiling temperature. That massive heat dump by every building in every city, state, province and country is unnaturally contributing to lowering air pressure which will change weather. Why are we worried about heat trapping gases in the atmosphere when we are generating heat close to boiling temperature on the surface of the planet?
EPA, METEOROLOGISTS AND ECONOMISTS MISSING TEMPERATURE DATA
It is assumed that buildings and development do not generate heat. Here is a link to information on urban heat islands from the EPA EPA on Urban Heat Islands!
Here is a link to a video clip from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on Heat Island Effect EPA Video on Heat Island Effect.
We are reporting solar exposure as an unprecedented environmental emergency to authorities because we are treating the symptoms with ozone depletion, massive GHG emissions, electrical waste, acid rain, mercury emissions, etc. We are not discussing the extreme heat generated by buildings
Every state and city is looking for this information, they just couldn’t see it in a calculator. Here is a letter sent to the Western States & Provinces WESTERN CLIMATE INITIATIVE PARTNERS which include California, New Mexico, Oregon, Washington, Utah, Arizona, British Columbia and Manitoba telling them their buildings are exceeding their design temperature while they react to the symptoms with ozone depletion and massive GHG emissions. There has been no response to date while taxpayers are funding policy missing the required science.
The UN Meeting in Bali in 2007 missed critical data on climate change and building performance. Here is our press release.Press Release – UN MEETING IN BALI MISSING CRITICAL DATA ON CLIMATE CHANGE
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Mr. Giurfa (10:07:07). Yes, some of the tribes live(d) in tipis. Tipis have the advantages of being portable, easy to construct in a variety of sizes (some are huge), cost-efficient, and excellent on the windy plains. A fire can be built in the center, the door is a low flap, bedrolls and packs are placed around the sides, and insulation is achieved through layers of blankets, hides and pelts. It’s not ideal — I prefer logs or adobe — but portability was essential for a nomadic society. Oh, and they’re fun to decorate, though the tops get rather black from smoke.
I have a friend who built a lovely straw bale cottage up near St. Ig. in Montana. It was snug and warm in the winter and cool and comfy in the summer. I also have friends with yurts, but the straw bale cottage is the best non-western-frame construction I’ve seen, especially when evaluated in terms of energy efficiency.
I built a super-insulated log house on my farm (with a metal roof to reduce the snow load). Not as efficient as the straw bale cottage, but logs were actually cheaper that year than good straw, and I can always lift the trusses and add another story above the logs.
An example of IR problems:
http://i522.photobucket.com/albums/w342/thefordprefect/IRimage.jpg
This is an area of Electronics on a PCB. It is from outside the area of interest and consequently when the PCB was spray painted with grey acrilic primer ( found to give an excellent standardisation of emissivity!) it was insufficiently covered.
Note that the end caps of the surface mount components shows as cooler than the component. Note also that the hot component has heated the PCB at the soldered joint but that the end cap is still cooler than all surroundings – obviously incorrect.
This is caused by the reflective metalisation of the endcaps reflecting ambient/nearby cooler sources.
Mike
I think some caution is warranted for situations with transient high temperatures (or is it just reflectance?) but sustained warming is another matter.
There’s little doubt in my mind that the UHI is poorly named. The effect is really a combination of locally generated heat and the thermal characteristics of the built environment. Hell, if I touch the brick wall of my house 3 hours after summer sunset it can still be very warm.
Hi Anthony,
I wanted you to know that someone gave me the pictures of weather stations without any reference material supporting where they came from. I wouldn’t have represented anything that was part of an online report such as part 42 and I have changed the content of my website and included a link to your reporting on part 42. Please take a look and let me know if it is acceptable as I have it now or I will remove it if required.
I like your objective information and would like to offer you some information except in a pdf format with scales, emissivities, etc. I have an extensive library of solar radiation impact morning, noon or night over several seasons of several years. What is your interest? Different colors of finishes, shade effect, riparian areas, different development, before and after rainfall, UV on people, generating heat in winter or below freezing days?
Send me an email address where I can attach pdfs and tell me what you want to see. Thanks
Hi Anthony,
This post is to you, whether you post it on your site is up to you. I need to clarify a few things and please understand that I am a very qualified first response consultant. I provide science for professionals, I don’t work and look for any corporate angles. How else could I lecture in academia?
I like your Part 42 and respect your professionalism for educating your own industry on errors they are making in temperature measurement. I saw your thermal image at the top of the page showing solar exposure on buildings. While weather is your area of expertise, building engineering and their energy consumption is mine. Why is one side of your building image colder than the solar exposed side? By your image, it was an 8 to 10 degree C time of day but the solar exposed side is close to 30 C. The building is generating heat before the building absorbs it.
Your weather thermometer for measuring temperature is white for reflecting solar radiation? What if it was dark absorbent colors?
The building industry is signed off as compliant, not verified. Because we have changed it into an economy, people can go and paint their building exteriors any pretty color they want. All solar radiation interaction with materials is different because of their wavelength and absorbent material polarizing at that speed generates heat. That heat transfers and we are treating the indoor symptoms. California is being knocked off the electrical grid treating symptoms and generating toxins detrimental to health.
When I referenced Obama missing critical data, it isn’t political. Myself and health associates have faxed the Whitehouse asking for an audience based on urgent environmental/health concerns.
Seeing the way weather is monitored isn’t reflecting urban interaction and we are generating extreme heat on the surface of the planet. Why are we talking about heat trapping gases while each building can be generating heat close to boiling temperature on the surface of the planet? Every new building is a heatsink and we are professionally responding to the symptoms with toxin, superheated air, ozone depletion(refrigeration called A/C)
Last year I imaged buildings in 6 provinces and 23 states, solar radiation is beating the hell out of the surface of the planet and when we expose the surface by removing ground cover, it generates heat all year.
I have information you need and looking forward to sharing it for science. I am lecturing medical professionals on the domino effect of all of this into our bodies where it is causing them problems neurologically.
Thanks
Yes,
Temperature of an object can be measured by means of thermal radiation when naturally emanated electromagnetic (thermal) radiation in the mid- and far-infrared (IR) spectral ranges is detected by an appropriate sensor. The IR sensor output signal is indicative of the surface temperature of an object. A sensor is an integral part of a measurement and/or data acquisition system.