Sea Ice News Volume 3 Number 14 – Arctic refreeze fastest ever

After all of the news about a minimum record ice extent last month, this is interesting. As we know when water loses its ice cover, it allows a lot of heat to radiate into space as LWIR. many predictied that as a result of the extra open ocean surface, we see a very fast refreeze in the Arctic. It appears they were right. In fact, this is the fastest monthly scale refreeze rate in the NSIDC satellite record going back to 1979.

Here’s JAXA data plotted to show what has happened:

From the blog sunshine hours, here’s an analysis using NSIDC data:

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Today is day 291 in the Arctic. The minimum in 2012 was on day 260 – 31 days ago.

If you calculate the percentage of ice gained (the refreeze) 31 days after minimum, then 2012 is the fastest refreeze ever!

Arctic Sea Ice Extent has increased by 43.8% since the minimum was reached.

Extents are in millions of sq km.

(And note I am using NSIDC data here and their algorithm is making the refreeze appear slow compared to NORSEX)

Year Minimum_Extent Extent Day Extent_Change Extent_Change_Pct
1979 6.89236 295 2.55691 27.1
1980 7.52476 280 0.95144 11.2
1981 6.88784 284 1.71672 20
1982 7.15423 287 2.41499 25.2
1983 7.19145 282 1.70096 19.1
1984 6.39916 291 2.08442 24.6
1985 6.4799 281 1.50769 18.9
1986 7.12351 280 1.8491 20.6
1987 6.89159 276 1.37713 16.7
1988 7.04905 286 1.76783 20.1
1989 6.88931 296 2.70935 28.2
1990 6.0191 295 3.46791 36.6
1991 6.26027 290 2.69726 30.1
1992 7.16324 282 1.67903 19
1993 6.15699 280 1.85199 23.1
1994 6.92645 279 1.1014 13.7
1995 5.98945 283 0.5189 8
1996 7.15283 285 1.77882 19.9
1997 6.61353 277 0.65032 9
1998 6.29922 291 2.35169 27.2
1999 5.68009 286 2.68723 32.1
2000 5.9442 286 2.32372 28.1
2001 6.56774 293 1.95252 22.9
2002 5.62456 287 2.41992 30.1
2003 5.97198 291 2.10126 26
2004 5.77608 294 2.37329 29.1
2005 5.31832 296 3.09221 36.8
2006 5.74877 288 1.72446 23.1
2007 4.1607 288 1.39556 25.1
2008 4.55469 293 3.33615 42.3
2009 5.05488 286 1.45951 22.4
2010 4.59918 293 2.88065 38.5
2011 4.30207 282 1.35023 23.9
2012 3.36855 291 2.62409 43.8

Source: sunshine hours

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Here’s the NORSEX plot and NSIDC plot compared:

See all the data on the WUWT Sea Ice Reference Page

In other news. I’ve been in touch with Bill Chapman at UUIC/Crysophere Today to point out this bug:

It turns out to be an accidental issue, and he says:

“I was using the script to generate a plot for a publication that wanted a U.S.-centric view and it looks like I forgot to put things back to the way they were originally.

I’ll have it fixed by tomorrows update.”

Stuff happens, no worries.

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October 19, 2012 3:59 pm

Caleb
Minimums are always more important, because of insolation. The Earth doesn’t warm with sea ice sitting the dark. The antarctic sea ice doesn’t have a Gulf Stream directed towards it. It doesn’t make sense to compare two very different polar regions. The antarctic sea ice minimum is some sea ice protected in gyres or it would be ice free in it’s summer.
Getting back to the point of this thread, if right now you took an ice breaker down to the antarctic sea ice, you’d be destroying it, but if you took one up to the arctic, you’d be creating sea ice. It doesn’t have to be that cold to make sea ice, but it takes time to remove the heat from a column of ocean. Sea ice is a very dynamic thing in it’s increases and decreases. It’s not a one dimensional temperature factor to make or destroy sea ice.
The arctic sea ice is in a death spiral, because it has lost it’s protection and it’s thick multi-year sea ice. I’ve been following sea ice for a long time and the exits for arctic sea ice to warmer waters has changed. High pressure over Greenland speeds up the Fram Strait and it’s becoming more common. The Nares Strait doesn’t have ice bridges preventing sea ice exiting the arctic like it once did and the Canadian Archipelagos have started to leak and melt multi-year sea ice. Unless sea ice is caught in the Beaufort Gyre, it’s doomed if it wanders into all that open ocean. The gyre feeds the transpolar current, which sends the sea ice towards the Fram and Nares Straits.
There isn’t a physical force keeping all that sea ice bunched together, it’s bunched together because that’s the only place left to survive. Some have hoped the summer melt would slow as the “circumference” became smaller, but the headlines will soon read that the North Pole is ice free. The last of the sea ice will hang around northern Greenland and the Canadian Archipelagos, but it won’t be like the old days when it could pile up and be protected. There are too many exits now to send it to warmer waters.

D Böehm
October 19, 2012 4:33 pm

Gary Lance,
Arctic ice has wide natural variability. And there is no scientific evidence that the current decline is caused by human CO2 emissions. Just so you know.

highflight56433
October 19, 2012 4:34 pm

Mr. Lance, there you go again with attacks and acusations: “I know the facts about climate data and I’m not interested in your pseudo-science games. I didn’t even open the wrapper, because I’ve seen it all before. Skeptics don’t cherry pick data and denialists with an agenda do.”
Your reputation is preceeding you:
Gary Lance says:
October 19, 2012 at 12:53 pm
[snip. Referring to others as deniers violates site Policy. — mod.]
Since you know the facts and you have seen it all before, I am not sure why you waste your precious time here. We will be sure not to waste our time reading your comments since we are well beneath the level of your superior understanding.

October 19, 2012 4:56 pm

P. Solar says:
October 19, 2012 at 3:01 pm
That is about as clear an admission of being in [snip] as I can imagine.
You are a self confessed [snip].

Mods- what’s sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander!
Gary Lance says:
October 19, 2012 at 12:53 pm
[snip. Referring to others as deniers violates site Policy. — mod.]

October 19, 2012 4:59 pm

P. Solar
What you presented as links wasn’t data or science.
I believe when I see pictures of several hundred glaciers that are melting that heat is involved and the same thing with sea ice. Let me know when the ice I can see stops melting, because I don’t have to believe it’s melting to know for a fact that it is! What is the climate around Patagonia going to be like when all that ice is gone? You might also want to consider the fact that the ice isn’t infinite and the heat will be around when it’s gone. Temperatures and CO2 don’t have to increase to melt all of those glaciers, ice sheets, sea ices, snow covers or permafrosts. Positive feedback will do it with time.
The truth is scientists have understated the warming, because feedbacks are hard to estimate and scientists don’t like to go out on a limb. There is nothing in the cards to make the arctic stay cooler in the future and the Northern Hemisphere where most of the people on Earth stay is going to experience extreme climate change.

October 19, 2012 5:02 pm

highflight56433
What about the reputation of calling someone a warmist or warmista to their face, but objecting to that person using the term denialist in a general sense?
[Reply: Read the site Policy page. ‘Denialist’ is a deliberate pejorative, which refers directly to Holocaust deniers. If you post it again your entire comment will be deleted. — mod.]

October 19, 2012 5:14 pm

We’ve known for at least 40 years what our position on Milankovitch Cycles was and the radiative forcing to produce cooling can be calculated. Both warming and cooling have feedbacks that amplify, but the one with the most force gets the feedbacks. To warm a cooling Earth, all you have to do is overcome the force of a cooling trend with a force of a warming trend and it switches those feedbacks to your side.

Crispin in Yogayakarta developing aerosol measuring protocols
October 19, 2012 5:19 pm

Wow. So many errors in concept and physics. Where to begin – can’t possibly cover them all. MiCro, basically that is not how it works. Yes, I see you have been reading. The CO2 in the Barrow area is dominated by water => ice expelling CO2, we have discussed this briefly before and the chart going back a few years was not about the total level, it is about the local CO2 concentration v.s. ice/snow cover (snow also expels CO2 when forming). Ice contains no CO2 – look it up. Snow pack contains tiny bubbles of air which contain CO2 which is in turn sampled by scientists. It is not ‘absorbed in the ice’ in case anyone thinks that is the mechanism.
Lance ” …and it’s already calculated we have added 7% more water vapor.” Sorry, but that is simply not so. The globe is no warmer now than it was 16 years ago (not detectably, anyway) and the water vapour content of the important part of the atmosphere (where we live) is the same all the time. The moisture in the stratosphere has been dropping for years. Because you are well-informed you knew that, right?
“I pointed out 2012 had nearly 6 million square kilometers less snow cover in June and that is nearly three times the minimum sea ice area or area of Greenland.” Area, of course, is not mass. I see the pea, I am not falling for the switcheroo. CO2 is about total mass, ice/snow cover could be discussed in terms of both. Delta mass means it melted and absorbed CO2 (the mass of frozen => meltwater involved.) The total mass of ‘all frozen water’ increased in toto – get the ice mass on Antarctica + ROW and see. To show the implications of this look at the local CO2 in Barrow during the coming months. It will rise. Is it because of all those traditional Inuit-owned seal blubber-fired power stations? Probably not.
“That much albedo change is significant positive feedback and permafrost loss increases methane releases.’ This postulation is in error. First, removing the cover means far greater vertical IR loss – BIG one. Second, methane from ‘melting permafrost’ is not at all the same as losing snow cover – apples and oranges. But since you raised it, plant growth on any newly thawed permafrost greatly exceeds in CO2 drawdown compared with the effect of tiny amounts of methane. Also the age of the permafrost greatly affects the amount of methane released, plus much of it eaten by bacteria before it leaves the ground. Tree growth is just waiting to happen as soon as it is warm enough. There used to be forests on what is now permafrost. How much CO2 will removed by that? Do the math. CO2 is not a dominant driver of polar climate.
“Aerosols don’t last long in the atmosphere and the trend is to remove them, which will also cause warming.” As a person who measures aerosols, I do not agree. Aerosols can ‘last’ for centuries or days. Depends on their size. Removing diesel PM will cause cooling. Removing woodfuel PM will increase temps. Forest fires cause net cooling. The Moscow fire was located right next a brutally cold summer from Khazakhstan to Mongolia. Do the research then the sums then post comments on the world’s most popular science blog.
“Lossing [sic] ice from sources that were year round ice means that heat doesn’t have to melt ice that isn’t there to melt.” What are you trying to say? Old sea ice is like, what, 7 years old? The open area moves around depending on the sea currents pouring heat into the Arctic basin and the local weather conditions (viz this year a storm broke up a lot of the ice). You imply a warmer cllimate melted the ice. Not so. The sea ice is mostly not not melted by the sun, it is continuously melted from below by imported heat. When the ice is broken up or stops cooling fast enough it melts. With the ice out of the way the sea can cool properly. The increased solar radiation x the albedo is a red herring, Do the math. It is not hard. Do it well and you can get a grant.

October 19, 2012 5:32 pm

What is wrong with this statement?
“The current decadal average surface temperature (2001–2010) at the GISP2 site is −29.9°C. The record indicates that warmer temperatures were the norm in the earlier part of the past 4000 years, including century-long intervals nearly 1°C warmer than the present decade (2001–2010). Therefore, we conclude that the current decadal mean temperature in Greenland has not exceeded the envelope of natural variability over the past 4000 years”
Source: http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2011/2011GL049444.shtml
Hint: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gisp2_temp_accum_alley2000.txt

D Böehm
October 19, 2012 5:41 pm

Gary Lance,
From your link:
“…The record indicates that warmer temperatures were the norm in the earlier part of the past 4000 years… Therefore, we conclude that the current decadal mean temperature in Greenland has not exceeded the envelope of natural variability…”
There is nothing wrong with that statement.
http://jonova.s3.amazonaws.com/graphs/lappi/gisp-last-10000-new.png
And the climate null hypothesis has never been falsified.

October 19, 2012 6:20 pm

Crispin in Yogayakarta developing aerosol measuring protocols
What am I trying to say? I said ice and that means all ice. Permafrost doesn’t go all the way to the surface in the summer in many places, so removing it doesn’t increase IR loss from what it originally was. Permafrost can be a hundred feet thick in some locations.
http://weatherblog.kshb.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Snow-Cover.jpg
http://www.motherjones.com/files/images/arctic_snow_cover_anomalies_6-12.png
If you look at that snow cover chart for June, you will notice losing large amounts of snow cover is a recent trend. The second image shows you where it was lost and that’s important because the snow cover in forested areas has a different albedo change than areas of tundra, barren or wetlands.
Glaciers or alpine areas are limited when compared to snow cover near six million square kilometers in June.
Polar areas are important in the summer and once that arctic sea ice is gone, that heat will be around to warm the Arctic Ocean and the land surrounding it. Eventually, there won’t be sea ice present in June.
If that snow cover remains near the 2012 level next year, expect to see another 150 year Greenland meltdown.
Aerosols are hard to accurately estimate for their radiative effect, but most of our aerosols are gone in a week and are only there because they are constantly replaced. According to the EIA, we were down to 36% of our electricity being produced by coal in their last reported month and 38% for the last 12 months. We have the EPA wanting pollution standards enforced and natural gas is much cheaper to use as a fuel. It isn’t that hard to convert a boiler from coal to natural gas. The trend for aerosols in the US is in decline and that means more warming.
Antarctica and Greenland are both losing mass, but the albedo changes are nothing like losing 6 million square kilometers of snow cover. The antarctic sea ice minimum goes back to the same each year and that’s were the albedo effect is important.
CO2 is important in the long run and it’s hard to remove from the atmosphere, but the additional forcing caused by emissions is small compared to all the other forcing. We already have enough to mess up the world.

October 19, 2012 6:33 pm

D Böehm
There is nothing wrong with the statement, according to you, except there is no data in the entire time of before 4,000 years and up to more than 5,000 years where data shows less that 30 degrees.
The GISP2 data starts at 95 years before present and present is defined as 1950. I’ve seen Greenland ice core data compared which has yearly rings and is available in some locations. The temperature data varies from location to location by a large amount. The temperature data is a O18 proxy, so how can someone accept it to even make such wild claims?

D Böehm
October 19, 2012 6:59 pm

Gary Lance,
You don’t agree with R.B. Alley because his conclusions do not support your belief system. Typical of the alarmist crowd’s ‘catastrophic AGW’ religion.
This simple animation puts the current global temperature into perspective:
http://wattsupwiththat.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/noaa_gisp2_icecore_anim_hi-def3.gif

October 19, 2012 7:42 pm

D Böehm
BTW, this chart you posted says it’s before present (2000) and deceptively uses a red line to record data contained in the Alley, R.B report, but that red line actually connects the latest sample analyzed at 95 years BP and BP is 1950, so the chart ended in 1855 and not 2000.
http://jonova.s3.amazonaws.com/graphs/lappi/gisp-last-10000-new.png
Here again is the data:
ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gisp2_temp_accum_alley2000.txt
Here is how you can find all NOAA Paleoclimatology Ice Cores Data Sets:
http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=517:1:2659353468376959:::APP:PROXYDATASETLIST:7:

October 19, 2012 8:17 pm

D Böehm says:
“You don’t agree with R.B. Alley because his conclusions do not support your belief system. Typical of the alarmist crowd’s ‘catastrophic AGW’ religion.”
Alley, R. B. doesn’t agree with you. His take is the temperature on Greenland varied a lot over time, much like the dates commonly claimed to be the MWP, LIA or any other period of interest.
If you had a good point using GISP2 data, why does everyone doctor the charts? There are about 20 different bogus charts for GISP2 and anyone who has discussed climate change knows it. If you know it, why do you use it?
I gave you a link to all Paleoclimatology Ice Cores Data Sets. Do I have to go to NOAA and get a comparison of yearly ice cores for the present, I was just looking at them yesterday? I told you why I didn’t accept the data and it’s because the present day O18 data from ice cores doesn’t match to a couple degrees, so why should one ice core be accepted as gospel? If you can’t get the present temperature to match using O18, why should the thousands of year old samples be accurate to a degree of temperature? You said the present temperature for the last decade was 29.9 C and that’s lower than the entire Medievel Warm Period. Do you know what was used to get present day data? I know they analyzed many modern ice cores, which could be accurately dated to the year, with visible rings and fallout. It’s not like the data after 1855 does exist and the data has to be better with more samples to average. Between 2000 and 2009, there was probably instrument measurements for that data.

D Böehm
October 19, 2012 8:23 pm

Gary Lance,
There has been no statistically significant warming since before 2000, so it doesn’t matter what happened between 2000 and 2009.
Next, ice cores from both hemispheres are in agreement.
Finally, the planet itself is falsifying all the catastrophic AGW nonsense. Who should we believe, the alarmist crowd? Or Planet Earth?

Richard M
October 19, 2012 8:31 pm

Rob Murphy says:
October 19, 2012 at 12:03 pm
“Like Gary Lance, you avoid the fact that the IPCC’s prediction was for both hemispheres to lose ice.”
They have. Sea ice is only a small part of Antarctica.

If you were keeping up with the latest measurements you would know the most recent data from ICESat shows Antarctica adding 47 GTs of land ice per year in addition to the record sea ice.
You were saying?
In addition, as mentioned earlier the sea ice is most important in terms of albedo. It reaches the lowest latitudes and hence has the greatest cooling effect. The small amount of changes in land ice have no impact on albedo. Neither do changes in ice volume but we constantly hear whines from alarmists about ice volume.
I’m quite disappointed in the level of knowledge of our latest alarmists. They don’t even know the very basics of their own side’s arguments.

October 19, 2012 9:25 pm

D Böehm
Do you know what the true meaning of statistically significant warming is and how it’s possible to apply it to a decade? All the warmest years on record are the last years and ice is still melting. When that ice is gone, that heat will start significantly raising temperatures.
I’m not an alarmist, because I have enough sense to know the days of pretending global warming doesn’t exist are near the end. What people think doesn’t matter much, the important thing is what governments think. Governments know there is global warming and Russia, the US and UK have had nuclear submarines under that arctic sea ice, so there is thickness data going back much further than satellite data . Heat melts volumes of sea ice and not sea ice extent.
So what environmental groups do you think collect that NSIDC and NOAA data? Perhaps you have guessed it, because the whole world knows what great environmentalist the United States Navy and Department of Commerce are! You should know about the Navy, because people try to use NIC data that is only gathered to give immediate advice to their shipping interests, before it’s properly analyzed.
“Finally, the planet itself is falsifying all the catastrophic AGW nonsense. Who should we believe, the alarmist crowd? Or Planet Earth?”
The planet behaves like it had a strong El Nino in 1998, then a string of La Ninas and the next strong El Nino will crush that record data if a La Nina doesn’t beat it to it. The planet behaves like it can warm without showing consistent yearly increases in surface temperature, which aren’t even recorded all over it’s surface. The planet behaves like it’s burning up ice, like we burn up fossil fuels and guess what, it’s going to run out of ice before we run out of fossil fuels?
I have studied what makes planets function, before there were global warming concerns. We aren’t going to get away with a 2 degree C rise in temperature when this is done without geoengineering. The feedback mechanisms haven’t all kicked in yet. A planet mostly covered with water can easily hide warming.

October 19, 2012 9:33 pm

I know when that sea ice volume runs out, there is no extent. I also know the albedo of slush is different than the old sea ice extent.
The latest data I’ve seen has Antarctica losing mass. WAIS will be having problems in the near future.

D Böehm
October 19, 2012 9:45 pm

Gary Lance says:
“All the warmest years on record are the last years and ice is still melting.”
Well, all my tallest years are the most recent years. And…
“I have enough sense to know the days of pretending global warming doesn’t exist…”
I have never said there is no global warming. The planet has been naturally warming since the LIA, along the same long term trend line. Global warming has not accelerated. The long term warming trend has been the same, whether CO2 is low or high. Therefore, CO2 does not have any measurable effect.
And you have no scientific evidence showing that it does.

October 19, 2012 10:33 pm

D Böehm
I’m not going to waste my time trying to convince someone that adding greenhouse gases to a planet heated by the sun and back radiation will cause warming. Pretend you are on Mars, Mercury or the Moon, I don’t care. Governments have better sense and they will figure out when they have gone too far.
I expect another watered down IPCC report and the world will have it’s share of misery if it spends 5 more years for a reasonable analysis. If they blow their feedback calculations like they blew that arctic sea ice free estimate, it will be Hothouse Earth. As it is, I don’t see anything natural for negative feedback, except the chance of a large volcanic eruption.
“And you have no scientific evidence showing that it does.”
You have the calculations on radiative forcing and greenhouse gases don’t have much error. Back radiation can be measured and it isn’t a theory, it’s a fact.
China’s health problems will cause them to reduce aerosols. Paying people to build scrubbers is easier than building cities without populations.
Things don’t naturally warm without a mechanism to make it warm. Nature is a word and concept that behaves according to the laws of Physics. You posted a chart that ended in 1855, which claimed it ended in 2000. There is obviously an effort to distort science, but with the majority of scientists on the payroll of industry, can you explain why they can’t discover this natural mechanism to warm a planet? Big oil has it’s share of Geologists and you have to take a course in Physical Geography to be a Geologist. Don’t you think it’s odd all those Geologists can’t discover a natural mechanism for our present climate change, like they have for past climate change?
The problem with your analysis is, scientists have looked at everything and greenhouse gases are the only thing they found. The equivalent of setting off 400,000 Hiroshima bombs each day sounds like a lot energy to me.

D Böehm
October 19, 2012 10:53 pm

Gary Lance says:
“You have the calculations on radiative forcing and greenhouse gases don’t have much error. Back radiation can be measured and it isn’t a theory, it’s a fact.”
Wrong. If you believe you have measurements showing that CO2 causes warming, post your chart here. Post it right here, instead of your baseless opinion.
The fact is that you have no such chart. There is no scientific evidence showing that ∆CO2 causes ∆T. NONE. But there is ample evidence proving that ∆T causes ∆CO2.
The alarmist crowd has cause and effect completely reversed; that is clear from empirical [real world] evidence. No wonder you arrive at the wrong conclusions. You people are running off in the wrong direction, as the scientific evidence proves. That is why your Belief system is being falsified by Planet Earth. Because you are operating on a religious belief instead of science, you will not change. You do not see it, but that is a fact.
Nothing unprecedented or unusual is occurring. The Null Hypothesis has never been falsified. And the “carbon” scare is based entirely on money, not on science. Word up, because that is reality.

Joe
October 19, 2012 11:25 pm

, Rob et al:
Serious question – why does the minimum extent matter so much?
The lower albedo of open water can’t have any warming effect because, by the time it’s reached, the sun ain’t shining up there and won’t be again until march next year. So there is NO sunlight to be reflected. Albedo means nothing when it’s dark.
From the point of view of thin v thick ice, thin ice is pretty much as reflective as thick so, as long as the cover extent (NOT volume) has returned by the time the Arctic sun rises again in March, there isn’t any positive feedback to worry about.
In fact, because the open water in those initial dark months is better at radiating heat (because it’s warmer and has better heat transport properties than ice does), a low minimum extent will have a net cooling effect provided it recovers by next March (when the sun rises again).
If you look at the annual graph, you’ll see that’s exactly what keeps happening. Regardless of the minimum, by the next spring equinox (when the polar sun rises), the cover is invariably back very close indeed to it’s long-term average.
If there’s a flaw in my logic there then please explain where it is? Remember, this is a SERIOUS question and I’m quite willing to be convinced that I’m wrong if you can put your case as (hopefully) clearly as i’ve put mine. Please note that appeals to authority, sarcastic comments and personal attacks are NOT “putting your case”.
I’m not a climate scientist, just a lowly computer science BSc who mends clocks and watches for a living, so I’d prefer a clear, step-by-step logical argument as I’ve offered you. There’s a long-standing tenet that I’ve always subscribed to: if you really understand what you’re saying, you should be able to distill it in this way for non-experts to grasp. Please demonstrate and share your understanding!

October 19, 2012 11:50 pm

So you want to use science to prove that back radiation isn’t caused by greenhouse gases and that’s why it’s called pseudo-science. Increasing greenhouse gases has to increase back radiation and can be proven whenever the humidity changes. Back radiation is a fact that can be measured, because water is a greenhouse gas that is variable in the atmosphere and those variations can be measured. Those measurements for solar irradiance and the Earth’s energy budget are averages of many measurements. How do you explain back radiation being nearly twice the amount of solar radiation absorbed by the Earth’s surface? Science isn’t science is not an explanation! The same energy budget was in college textbooks 40 years ago, before global warming concerns and no one was objecting to greenhouse gases then.
http://www.grin.com/object/external_document.248321/0d091796114c87fbf55f3bff5253e3ae_LARGE.png
Just how do you explain Venus being the hottest planet with it having such a high albedo, that it’s called the Morning and Evening Star? What besides greenhouse gases could cause that Earth size planet to get so warm, when so much of it’s sunlight is reflected?
http://www.global-greenhouse-warming.com/images/IPCCRadiativeForcing.jpg
The margin of error in estimating the radiative forcing of global scale, high LOSU greenhouse gas is very small and measuring aerosols isn’t.
Climate change isn’t something that can be put off for the future and it will be at your door whatever you believe. Climate change isn’t weather, it’s changing the world you have to live in and it will make itself known. There is no place you can live in America and avoid it.

wayne
October 20, 2012 12:31 am

http://i46.tinypic.com/2m6ofg6.png
I would take that as a slight positive for the 2012 Arctic melt season. If the freezing area of 2013 even approaches that of 2012 there most likely will be much less open water per average day in the next season, probably along the lines of 2006, 2008 and 2010.

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