What jellyfish and tornadoes have in common

Jellyfish on the rise: UBC study

Sea Nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) Jellyfish...
Sea Nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) Jellyfish in captivity in the Monterey Bay Aquarium (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Jellyfish are increasing in the majority of the world’s coastal ecosystems, according to the first global study of jellyfish abundance by University of British Columbia researchers.

In a study published in this month’s edition of the journal Hydrobiologia, UBC scientists examined data for numerous species of jellyfish for 45 of the world’s 66 Large Marine Ecosystems. They found increasing jellyfish populations in 62 per cent of the regions analyzed, including East Asia, the Black Sea, the Mediterranean, the Northeast U.S. Shelf, Hawaii, and Antarctica.

“There has been anecdotal evidence that jellyfish were on the rise in recent decades, but there hasn’t been a global study that gathered together all the existing data until now,” says Lucas Brotz, a PhD student with the Sea Around Us Project at UBC and lead author of the study.

“Our study confirms these observations scientifically after analysis of available information from 1950 to the present for more than 138 different jellyfish populations around the world.”

Jellyfish directly interfere with many human activities – by stinging swimmers, clogging intakes of power plants, and interfering with fishing. Some species of jellyfish are now a food source in some parts of the world.

“By combining published scientific data with other unpublished data and observations, we could make this study truly global – and offer the best available scientific estimate of a phenomenon that has been widely discussed,” says Daniel Pauly, principal investigator of the Sea Around Us Project and co-author of the study. “We can also see that the places where we see rising numbers of jellyfish are often areas heavily impacted by humans, through pollution, overfishing, and warming waters.”

Pauly adds that increasing anecdotal reports of jellyfish abundance may have resulted from an expansion of human activities in marine habitats, so the study also provides a concrete baseline for future studies.

The study also notes decreases in jellyfish abundance in seven per cent of coastal regions, while the remainder of the marine ecosystems showed no obvious trend.

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Next we’ll see the “jellyfish channel” on cable to complement the “Weather Channel”, so we can learn immediate of the latest outbreak, complete with Jellyfish watches and warnings, followed by a jellyfish reporting app for the iPhone. We’ll have wikipedia entries for “super outbreaks”.

Coastal TV stations will feature the J9000 – Super Jelly Doppler Live Tracker.

As I’ve said many times before, reporting bias is not a real trend.

Why it seems that severe weather is “getting worse” when the data shows otherwise – a historical perspective

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onlyme
April 19, 2012 7:32 am

“Some species of jellyfish are now a food source in some parts of the world.”
Some species of jellyfish have been a food source in some parts of the world for centuries if not millennia. Hei zi pi, a chinese jellyfish salad, is one such food. Try some at a chinese restaurant if you can find one which offers this treat. Expand your culinary horizons while working to combat this pernicious rise in jellyfish population, and feel good about doing your bit to both provide restaurant workers with work and to combat this jellyplague! /partial snark as the jellyfish salad is delicious!

polistra
April 19, 2012 7:44 am

Well, at least they seem to understand the concept of baseline.
Compare with this new “study” on “sick fish” “caused” by the BP oil spill. No baseline, but it’s still reported as a real threat.
http://www.seattlepi.com/news/article/Two-years-later-fish-sick-near-BP-oil-spill-site-3493396.php

sam
April 19, 2012 7:51 am

Hey Anthony, did you hear that David Suzuki quit his foundation? WUWT?

Paul
April 19, 2012 7:52 am

So let me get this straight. An increase in the population of jjellyfish on account of global warming. Should their numbers decline no doubt that might be attributed to global warming as well. Heads I win tails you lose.
I give up.

sam
April 19, 2012 8:04 am
dp
April 19, 2012 8:08 am

It seems quite probably that migrations of all manor of biologia are going to be happening because of opportunities presented by ships, boats, barges, drifting net masses, and whole ecologies now adrift as part of the tsunami debris fields spreading around the world.
Wait, whoa! That can’t be it. Forget that. The problem is CO2, and specifically human-caused CO2. Sorry – went off message there for a moment. /sarc

sam
April 19, 2012 8:11 am

David Suzuki Foundation annual revenue: $8.7 million. Isn’t this tons more than Heartland Institute?
Suzuki isn’t special: The rules for charities apply to everyone:
http://www.calgarysun.com/2012/04/18/suzuki-isnt-special

Richard M
April 19, 2012 8:13 am

Just more evidence that the biosphere expands with more warmth. Life, in general, prefers warmth.

Latitude
April 19, 2012 8:21 am

the first global study of jellyfish abundance
==================
and somehow they know how many jellyfish there was before
“We can also see that the places where we see rising numbers of jellyfish are often areas heavily impacted by humans, through pollution, overfishing, and warming waters.”
either they are saying that jellyfish have better conditions and more food……
…or they are saying that through some miracle, all of a sudden jellyfish are less sensitive to water quality
Either way, they are finding out that there a lot more animals out there than they thought….that they are obviously not going extinct and in danger…..just like penguins in Antarctica and corals and poley bears and manatees and ………………………….

Billy Liar
April 19, 2012 8:24 am

The first line is a non sequitur.
If it’s the first global study they have nothing with which to compare it.

Hoser
April 19, 2012 8:31 am

Overfishing makes sense. Lack of predators? Bottom trawling the cause?
From Wiki:

Bottom fishing has operated for over a century on heavily fished grounds such as the North Sea and Grand Banks. Although overfishing has caused huge ecological changes to the fish community on the Grand Banks, concern has been raised recently about the damage which benthic trawling inflicts upon seabed communities. A species of particular concern is the slow growing, deep water coral Lophelia pertusa. This species is home to a diverse community of deep sea organisms, but is easily damaged by fishing gear. On November 17, 2004 the United Nations General Assembly urged nations to consider temporary bans on high seas bottom trawling.
Bottom trawling stirs up the sediment at the bottom of the sea. The suspended solid plumes can drift with the current for tens of kilometres from the source of the trawling. These plumes introduce a turbidity which decreases light levels at the bottom and can affect kelp reproduction.
Ocean sediments are the sink for many persistent organic pollutants, usually lipophilic pollutants like DDT, PCB and PAH.[6] Bottom trawling mixes these pollutants into the plankton ecology where they can move back up the food chain and into our food supply.
Phosphorus is often found in high concentration in soft shallow sediments. Resuspending nutrient solids like these can introduce oxygen demand into the water column, and result in oxygen deficient dead zones.
Even in areas where the bottom sediments are ancient, bottom trawling, by reintroducing the sediment into the water column, can create harmful algae blooms. More suspended solids are introduced into the oceans from bottom trawling than any other man-made source.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottom_trawling

etudiant
April 19, 2012 8:33 am

If memory serves, turtles are the primary predator of jellyfish.
With turtles in trouble world wide because of human predation, it seems logical that jellyfish would increase in abundance.
Warming waters are much less well documented as a possible cause, afaik. Indeed, the ecosystem must have adapted to warmer water, given the repeated cycle of El Nino and La Nina warm and cool tropical seas.

mrmethane
April 19, 2012 8:41 am

Another squeal of discomfort from yet another cash-draining nacre-tower partnered with guess who? Geenpeace and WWF. Didn’t the Canadian feds pull some of their funding? We can only hope.

April 19, 2012 8:44 am

Law of the Sea Treaty coming, zoning the sea off from human activity, like fishing. Rejected by Congress, approved by executive fiat regulations.
It’s part of the UN plan.

mrmethane
April 19, 2012 8:45 am

Yet another squeal from a WWF- and Greenpeace-partnered alarmist-powered nacre tower. Aren’t the Canadian Feds cutting off their own funding of this group?

April 19, 2012 8:47 am

With all the fishing/vaccumming of the oceans, we should expect to see changes in the prey species. Like krill, kelp. Of course, saying that fishing, not temperatures, are causing these changes, would not reap a research grant but a rebuke from the fishing communities.
If Greenpeace and WWF really wanted to make an impact, they would target global agriculture and fishing and the raising of cattle. But that would put people in harm … those same people GP and WWF don’t want to have energy or a technologically advanced way of life.
Cognitive dissonance in action. Again and still.

rgbatduke
April 19, 2012 8:55 am

I’ve seen a bit of this myself at Beaufort, although I don’t have a good long term baseline and my observations are anecdotal. But one explanation could easily be population reduction among jellyfish predator species like sea turtles, quite possibly due to human activity (but not global warming). In the waters around Beaufort, at least at certain times cannonball jellyfish are very, very common, and I believe that they are the natural food of at least two of the sea turtles that nest along the carolina coast. But as noted these are not systematic scientific observations on my part, just stuff I see looking out of my boat or floating in and out of the beaufort channel.
rgb

SebShaw
April 19, 2012 8:57 am

There was a study release a month ago out of The University of Western Australia which completely contradicts this study.
http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20120502-23076.html

DesertYote
April 19, 2012 9:07 am

An increase in nutrients (what greenies call pollution) and a decrease in predation (what the greenies call overfishing) will cause a population to increase to a new STABLE state. Warmer waters have absolutely nothing to do with the phenomena. All a changing water temp would do is to SHIFT the population!

JDN2
April 19, 2012 9:07 am

Next up: using jellyfish as global temperature proxies

Ian Hoder
April 19, 2012 9:11 am

Where exactly are these “warming waters” located? Since jellyfish are abundant in both cool and warm waters I don’t understand why “warming waters” would produce an increase.

Dave Wendt
April 19, 2012 9:13 am

A couple of months ago you had a post on this piece which said substantially the opposite
uestioning the Rise of Gelatinous Zooplankton in the World’s Oceans(pp. 160-169)
Robert H. Condon, William M. Graham, Carlos M. Duarte, Kylie A. Pitt, Cathy H. Lucas, Steven H.D. Haddock, Kelly R. Sutherland, Kelly L. Robinson, Michael N Dawson, Mary Beth Decker, Claudia E. Mills, Jennifer E. Purcell, Alenka Malej, Hermes Mianzan, Shin-ichi Uye, Stefan Gelcich, Laurence P. Madin
DOI: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.2.9
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/bio.2012.62.2.9

pat
April 19, 2012 9:14 am

I have seen this before locally and it does appear tied to pollution. Hopefully it will allow for an increase in sea turtle populations as they are a favorite food.

Ian W
April 19, 2012 9:16 am

Overfishing => less fish => more jellyfish survive (as do other creatures low in food chain)

April 19, 2012 9:25 am

Some species of jellyfish are now a food source in some parts of the world.
They’ve always been a food source for loggerhead turtles, but I believe I’ll pass on them until science perfects the peanutbutterfish,..