
National power grids could overheat and air travel severely disrupted while electronic items, navigation devices and major satellites could stop working after the Sun reaches its maximum power in a few years.
Senior space agency scientists believe the Earth will be hit with unprecedented levels of magnetic energy from solar flares after the Sun wakes “from a deep slumber” sometime around 2013, The Daily Telegraph can disclose.
In a new warning, Nasa said the super storm would hit like “a bolt of lightning” and could cause catastrophic consequences for the world’s health, emergency services and national security unless precautions are taken.
Scientists believe it could damage everything from emergency services’ systems, hospital equipment, banking systems and air traffic control devices, through to “everyday” items such as home computers, iPods and Sat Navs.
Due to humans’ heavy reliance on electronic devices, which are sensitive to magnetic energy, the storm could leave a multi-billion pound damage bill and “potentially devastating” problems for governments.
“We know it is coming but we don’t know how bad it is going to be,” Dr Richard Fisher, the director of Nasa’s Heliophysics division, said in an interview with The Daily Telegraph.
“It will disrupt communication devices such as satellites and car navigations, air travel, the banking system, our computers, everything that is electronic. It will cause major problems for the world.
“Large areas will be without electricity power and to repair that damage will be hard as that takes time.”
E. M. Smith says:
“……………..”
p.s
Just looked at your website. Congratulations to both, your son and of course to you.
Carsten Arnholm, Norway says:
June 20, 2010 at 1:04 am
I agree we should avoid heated debates.
I think this issue is about two very different positions in the debate. Some people prefer to investigate apparent correlations without requiring physical mechanisms to explain them. Others actually require observations to be explained within the framework of science.
Observe that the second position does not exclude looking into correlations. My position has been that apparent correlations may be useful in formulating hypotheses, i.e. they are sources of inspiration for further scientific investigation. That was my starting point when looking into these matters. But when a scientific investigation fails to produce any mechanism or evidence, or even indicates the non-existense of a proposed mechanism, then my only possible conclusion is to say that, without further evidence, such hypotheses have no scientific basis.
Of course, there is a small chance that the “framework of science” could be expanded to include new mechanisms that we didn’t know about before. But as long as you can’t point to what these would be, then those apparent correlations are just correlations and nothing else.
Hi Carsten, I think that’s a pretty fair summary. I think one of the reasons these debates are difficult to reconcile is that different people are trying to get different things out of the knowledge they are formulating.
On the one hand we have someone like Ulric, who doesn’ worry too much about mechanism if the correlations are sufficiently good to generate usefully accurate forecasts of temperature and precipitation.
On the other we have physicists who demand rigour in proposed theories involving motion and forces, and insist on viable mechanism before accepting any idea’s usefulness.
It seems to me that one of the difficulties someone like Ulric has in trying to get his ideas across to physicists is that when you re juggling as many variables as he is in order to arrive at a judgement about future temperature and precipitation conditions, you are using the human brain to some extent intuitively, having ‘got a feel’ for the strength of configurations by looking at lots and lots of data.
As an experiment in ‘knowledge crossover’ I am going to attempt to help formalise Ulric’s planetary-climate ‘rules’ and see if we can tease a quantifiable and identifiable signal from them. If I can, then it may be worth putting the effort into thinking about possible mechanism a bit harder. After all Leif Svalgaard is on record as saying:
“If the correlation is really good, one can live with an as yet undiscvered mechanism.”
If I can’t, but Ulric’s forecasts continue to be acurate, then I may have to accept that science can’t always explain the scientist, despite Anna’s blandishments about mind-brain identity theory.
OT
Hi Carsten
My links are occasionally viewed by someone from ålesund, More Og Romsdal, I looked it up on the map, looks beautiful, a bit reminiscent of fiord type bay Boka Kotorska in Montenegro, not far from a place I grew up.
http://www.discover-montenegro.com/Boka%20Kotorska%20Slideshow/Boka%20Kotorska%20060.html
Hi tallbloke
The quote from Leif on that one cracked me up. Lol.
(Re: http://www.vukcevic.talktalk.net/LFC2.htm )
I am keeping that one, as a compensation for the number of ‘superlatives’ I was ascribed during last 2 years or so.
See link a left for ana:
http://subaru.univ-lemans.fr/enseignements/physique/02/electri/rlclibre.html
( set R=300. L=2, C=3)
And compare to this
http://www.vukcevic.talktalk.net/LFC3.htm
Hi Vuk,
Yes indeed. The decay curve is very reminiscent of a perturbed system tending back to stability. Given the obvious coincidences between temperature and geomagnetism, you’d think the physicists would take a bit more interest really. Maybe you need to turn it the other way up so they’ll ‘get it’.
And the Leif quote is a gem, thanks for the use of.
By the way, I noticed I had spelled your name incorrectly on my blog links. Apologies, now corrected.
The Montenegro pics are stunning. I’d like to do a backpacking trip there sometime.
I wonder if the new paper from Duhau and de Jager will dampen NASA’s enthusiasm.
http://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2010/06/20/imminent-grand-minimum-new-paper-from-duhau-and-de-jager/
Abstract
We summarize recent findings about periodicities in the solar tachocline and their physical interpretation. These lead us to conclude that solar variability is presently entering into a long Grand Minimum, this being an episode of very low solar activity, not shorter than a century. A consequence is an improvement of our earlier forecast of the strength at maximum of the present Schwabe cycle (#24). The maximum will be late (2013.5), with a sunspot number as low as 55.
It’s a funny thing, but when Leif was telling us how he’d predicted a sunspot number of 70 for solar cycle 24, he rubbished my contention that my data was telling me it would be nearer 55…
Hi Vuk,
Yes, in addition to “Land of the [mostly spotless :-)] midnight Sun”, we are also “Land of the fjords”. Your place looks beautiful and not dissimilar. But that Ålesund person isn’t me, I am near Oslo.
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 1:44 am
After all Leif Svalgaard is on record as saying:
“If the correlation is really good, one can live with an as yet undiscovered mechanism.”
The point is that the correlations are not good.
Geoff Sharp says:
June 19, 2010 at 9:11 pm
I am trying to keep my head down, but this statement is truly embarrassing.
It is equally embarrassing that the other enthusiasts are not embarrassed.
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 4:05 am
It’s a funny thing, but when Leif was telling us how he’d predicted a sunspot number of 70 for solar cycle 24, he rubbished my contention that my data was telling me it would be nearer 55…
Was is rubbish is not the number, but the ‘reasons’ for getting to it. And the Duhau and de Jager paper is just cyclomania (a la Clilverd et al.). You also misrepresent NASA’s position. NASA is agreeing that the sunspot cycle will be low [as we said: “the lowest in a hundred years”; I think Hathaway is now saying 65]. What NASA is [over]hyping is the possibility of large solar events nevertheless.
vukcevic says:
June 20, 2010 at 1:00 am
Two astronomic constants and couple of COS-ine functions it is all what is required.
Now, there is another embarrassing statement as the ‘formula’ is already falsified, but that fact does not seem to matter in this house of follies.
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:06 am
Duhau and de Jager paper is just cyclomania
Better results than your dynamania IMO.
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:06 am
I think Hathaway is now saying 65
More realistic than the 165 he ‘forecast’ earlier certainly.
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:50 am
Better results than your dynamania IMO.
Yet another embarrassing statement…
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:52 am
“I think Hathaway is now saying 65”
More realistic than the 165 he ‘forecast’ earlier certainly.
We don’t know that yet. One should beware of beware of people that state things with certainty…
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:50 am
“Duhau and de Jager paper is just cyclomania”
Better results than your dynamania IMO.
If you took the trouble to actually read their paper, you would find that they interpret everything in terms of dynamo theory.
Leif Svalgaard says:
If you took the trouble to actually read their paper,…
You would find this rather embarrassing typo:
“Solar activity is presently going through a transition period (2000 – 2013). This will be followed by a remarkably low Schwabe cycle, which has started recently. In turn that cycle precludes a forthcoming Grand Minimum, most likely of the long type.”
Leif Svalgaard says:
Now, there is another embarrassing statement as, but that fact does not seem to matter in this house of follies.
Well, well, perhaps you may explain meaning of the ‘formula’ is already falsified.
House of follies, do you mean WUWT. I think that could be a slander on a good name that this blog enjoys.
Is it not enough accusing me of falsifying my own formula (?!) .
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 6:23 am
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:50 am
Better results than your dynamania IMO.
Yet another embarrassing statement…
That might be stretching it…the dynamo guys by average certainly on the back foot right now.
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 6:23 am
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:50 am
Better results than your dynamania IMO.
Yet another embarrassing statement…
Their proxies for the torroidal and poloidal fields make some sense to me. Though I could show them some better ones.
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 6:45 am
If you took the trouble to actually read their paper,…
You would find this rather embarrassing typo:
“Solar activity is presently going through a transition period (2000 – 2013). This will be followed by a remarkably low Schwabe cycle, which has started recently. In turn that cycle precludes a forthcoming Grand Minimum, most likely of the long type.”
I have read their paper….
To which they already issued the following addendum:
N.B. There is a regrettable printing error in Section 5
(Summary and Conclusions). In line 2 of the 2nd paragraph please read: ‘In
turn, that cycle *precedes* the forthcoming Grand Minimum…
“Solar activity is presently going through a
transition period (2000 – 2013). This will be followed by a remarkably low
Schwabe cycle, which has started recently. In turn that cycle precedes a
forthcoming Grand Minimum, most likely of the long type.“
vukcevic says:
June 20, 2010 at 6:58 am
Well, well, perhaps you may explain meaning of the ‘formula’ is already falsified.
Have done this repeatedly. One more time:
Your PF formula predicts a very large polar field in 1963 [largest since 1700]. We have many indications plus direct measurements that the polar fields at that time were very weak. An example is this magnetogram from Mount Wilson: http://www.leif.org/research/MWO-1961-21-July-Magnetogram.png
House of follies, do you mean WUWT. I think that could be a slander on a good name that this blog enjoys.
I mean the comments that cause regular folks to “just shake our heads in dismay” [dr.bill says: June 19, 2010 at 3:48 pm]. Your posts [and similar embarrassing ones] impair the good name this blog could otherwise enjoy.
Geoff Sharp says:
June 20, 2010 at 7:00 am
That might be stretching it…the dynamo guys by average certainly on the back foot right now.
Duhau and de Jager are ‘dynamo guys’. Dynamo theory predicts a small cycle [Svalgaard et al. 2005, Schatten 2005, Choudhuri, 2007, etc, etc], so are right on track.
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:50 am
Their proxies for the torroidal and poloidal fields make some sense to me. Though I could show them some better ones.
Theirs at least are based on some modicum of observations.
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 4:05 am
I wonder if the new paper from Duhau and de Jager will dampen NASA’s enthusiasm.
http://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2010/06/20/imminent-grand-minimum-new-paper-from-duhau-and-de-jager/
While agreeing with some of the outcomes, if this paper passed peer review is says a lot about the scientific process.
Geoff Sharp says:
June 20, 2010 at 7:43 am
if this paper passed peer review is says a lot about the scientific process.
I agree it is a poor paper [and it would not have passed me]. But there is nothing wrong with the ‘scientific process’. The ‘review process’ [in some Journals] on the other hand often fails. Another argument for making it visible. Look at some of the other papers in that volume: http://journalofcosmology.com/Contents8.html
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 7:35 am
Duhau and de Jager are ‘dynamo guys’. Dynamo theory predicts a small cycle [Svalgaard et al. 2005, Schatten 2005, Choudhuri, 2007, etc, etc], so are right on track.
So 3 guys beat the average? As you know there are many others with high values for Sc24. Plus I wouldn’t get carried away, your own predictions may still prove to be to high.
Hi All,
Very enjoyable banter! Personally, I visit this site to get useful papers and data – and am always pleased when Leif is posting, because he produces some really useful stuff. Thanks for the paper on the 1859 event.
Am I a pseudo-scientist???! Well, I don’t think so. Pseuds I used to meet when a student – people pretending to know stuff they didn’t really know. I don’t see myself in that light. But I know lots of people do! That is because I wrote a book on climate change whilst not being a climate scientist. But I do claim to know my stuff. I did not publish my analysis until after three years exhaustive review of the literature, perusal of station temperature data, NASA’s radiation flux data bases, ocean temperatures and heat storage measurements – and making sure my search spread over several disciplines – oceanography, solar-terrestrial physics, astrophysics, sedimentalogy and paleo-climatology, for example. I then circulated a draft report for two years and got some feedback, finally visiting the nearby Hadley Centre and talking for several hours with their oceanographers and solar specialists. I have utmost respect for science itself and for the scientists I meet. I don’t think this is what most people would call the behaviour of a pseud………
But is it useful to science to have ‘outsiders’ do this? I get flak for having disturbed the public’s confidence and even having upset the Copenhagen negotiations (I don’t think my book had much influence – I think the Chinese disrupted it because they needed a better deal on carbon trading).
As it happens, I did not set out to be useful to science – I set out to ‘test’ the assumptions and conclusions of the ‘consensus’ because the environmental and human cost of what they were proposing looked to me far greater than the ailment of global warming they were so alarmed about (I am an ‘expert’ consultant on the integration of renewable energy systems into landscape, community and biodiversity – being a professional ecologist, certified biologist and former member of the Institute of Biology and having advised UK government agencies and the EU on these issues).
But my grounding in ecological systems analysis, plus some years critically reviewing oceanic models of pollutant dispersion (whilst also advising the UN on restructruing its conventions on pollution control) – all of which is published in the peer-reviewed science literature – gave me an ideal background to critically examine the mechanism of causation assumed by IPCC models.
In my book, I offered the specialist climate community the view that they were not working sufficiently on an inter-disciplinary level (this was evident from a detailed reading of the Working Group reports of the IPCC). Paper after paper shows that, for example, solar physicists hardly talk to oceanographers, or that computer modellers of complex atmospheric dynamics do not talk to students of paleo-ecology familiar with the cycles and harmonics.
Thus for example, on a recent visit I made to talk to the US National Center for Atmospheric Reseach in Boulder, when I asked one of their specialists on the Sun’s influence in climate why he still believed, surprisingly for me, that anthropogenic sulphur had caused the 1945-1978 trough of global temperatures (after which sulphur controls had allowed the warming to continue) – and I showed him graphs of the short-wave flux at the ocean surface demonstrating the influence of clouds and natural aerosol loading, plus three Science paper references and the final admission of the IPCC in 2007 (somewhat buried), that ‘global dimming’ due to human emissions was too localised to account for the global pattern – he said ‘I have no idea what you are talking about’. This is perhaps not uncommon among top experts. Of course, this does not make him a bad scientist, nor me a good one. It is about information overload, ‘search image’ and knowledge transfer. I was looking for holes in the argument – and they were not hard to find.
At Hadley, I pointed the oceanographers to the large long-term build-up of subsurface heat in the North Atlantic and North Pacific (in my book I produce a map of where the oceans store the heat from the sun – it is not homogenous). I noted that in 2006 the north Pacific had suddenly lost surface heat over a large area upwind of Alaska – and that Alaska had been cooling as a result (this is what oceanographers would call the PDO). I asked how long the Atlantic heat store would last? We got out the most recent surface temperature maps, and lo……we could see the first blips of red changing to blue.
My question to the science community is simple enough: what is the long-term dynamic in these two major heat stores? What determines the phases of accumulation and depletion?
If we go back to the Little Ice Age, we are midway in what appears to be a cycle – that creates global peaks and troughs at 800-1000 year intervals – and more pronounced in the northern hemisphere (where the world’s food surplus is grown).
I asked some specialists in NOAA (also at Boulder) – who have been studying heat transfer (they had concluded in the literature that 80% of all ‘global warming’ on land was due to heat transfer from the ocean). They were not convinced there was a ‘cycle’ at all – to them a cycle meant an exact repetition – like a Hertz cycle, and thought that any oceanic system could create apparent cyclic phenomenon due to some kind of stochastic resonance. That gave me much food for thought – and stretches my skills-base in math!
As a result of my overview – I deduced that cycles were real, that the northern oceans determine the cycles on a global scale through teleconnections from basin to basin, and that some solar factor was the likely timer – I reviewed Svensmark’s theories and his critics, but pointed to breaking science around the much more variable UV flux from the sun, upper atmospheric heating and the displacement of the jet-stream (which drives the storm vortices that suck heat out of the ocean and dump it on land) – there were about a dozen scientific papers on this UV potential effect and the jetstream – compared to several thousand in the ‘mainstream’ causal picture. Several recent papers have confirmed my prediction that UV would eventually prove most relevant.
On the basis of this work, I was able to predict that the very wet summer in England during 2007 would be repeated in 2008 and 2009, and that Britain would begin to experience very cold winters as sub-polar high-pressure systems began to dominate. My rather simple textual analysis and three years of effort performed better than Hadley’s £30m new computer and all their experts.
In this respect – one might want to look at how ‘pseudo’ might be applied to climate science that relies upon unfounded and untested assumptions built into computer models? It reminds me a lot of the 1980’s when environmental toxicology relied upon atmospheric and oceanic models of dispersion and dose-effects (and also spawned a massive global emissions and monitoring industry).
You see – Leif, with great respect – which I truly mean, because your contribution to solar science is outstanding, as is your commitment to scientific discourse even with annoying non-scientists, but even real top scientific experts can be led astray into the realms of pseudo-science where they pretend to know things they don’t really know.
But that is still not as bad as the relation to things science knows it does not know – such as sub-quantum realities where no instrument can extend our awareness. Clearly as you state, Leif – this is beyond science – but it is the implied superiority that you have to watch – just because science cannot go there, it does not mean there is ‘nothing’ there – no pattern, no power, no influence on this physical reality or more importantly, on human consciousness – which is also beyond scientific measurement.
I say this because as well as having a science education and working as a ‘scientist’, I am also a practising astrologer, as was Theodore Landscheidt. I also have a professional qualification in Social Anthropology (Oxford University) and have studied linguistics and models of causation, magic, witchcraft and divinity among African and Amazonian tribal peoples, all of whom have an entirely different cosmological understanding as well as approaches to ‘reality’ as defined by our science. For example in most shamanic cultures, the ‘dreamworld’ is primary in causation – and this world exists as another dimension that inter-penetrates this one – and one that a shaman-magician can enter. The world of human consciousness is then seen as existing on another dimensional reality.
As with my approach to climate science – I have visited shamans and yogis, but been fortunate to also study and practice with them (of much greater interest to me than measuring stuff). Most of them work as healers.
It is with these perspectives that I ask – ‘maybe the barycentre could be acting as a proxy for other forces operating’. Firstly, those other forces may be those we know about (or think we know about) such as magnetic field lines, electric currents and voltage shocks – all of which appear to be emanating from the Sun. Or the transfer of angular momentum to the Sun and whatever effects that mau have on spinning plasma. Or forces that we as yet have no instruments to measure but may be operating to produce some of the cyclic phenomena we witness. For example, Hannes Alfven proposed a ‘back-current’ of electrons into the sun. In my understanding of electrons (and the solar wind is an electrical current) there always has to be a circuit for the current to flow – so what happens at the helio-pause? Do those electrons never return? And if they do, then may they not follow some complex magnetic field pathways back to the source?
I don’t know the answers, but these seem relevant questions. Maybe they are not – maybe these are old-chestnuts and I just haven’t seen the right papers.
One may conclude that claiming PF was law in 1965 when there is no data to show it is the ‘rotten egg’ .
Anxiety setting in? Accusing me of falsifying my own formula is a bit of joke, coming from a serious scientist.
http://www.leif.org/research/MWO-1961-21-July-Magnetogram.png
July 1961 (SIDC SSN =55-60) was 4 years away from min (rotten egg!).
And here is what I said about it:
There is no accurate and accepted value for polar fields in 1965, else it would be quoted in your extensive work on the matter (private guess is not good enough), it could have been either low or high.
Consider:
a- Polar field is the seed of the next cycle
b- Polar field is not the seed of the next cycle
Case a) Polar field is the seed of the next cycle
If polar field has direct relationship with the next cycle, then my formula as described here:
http://www.vukcevic.talktalk.net/LFC2.htm
has to be subject to the same anomalies as the solar cycles (else cannot be PF/SSN amplitude correlation, and specifically no Rmax = 0.6286 DM).
The anomaly formula has been proved as correct on every single occasion since and including the Maunder Minimum, i.e. whole of the SS’s known records.
http://www.vukcevic.talktalk.net/LFC4.htm
In that case anomaly would calculate PF to around 200. That is matter of simple logic.
Case b) Polar field is not the seed of the next cycle
Your theory is defunct, case closed.
My case is based on 2-3 precise astronomical numbers which are beyond dispute, and two simple mathematical equations which is again beyond dispute.
Most importantly they do work, as the same type equations work in mechanics, acoustics, electro-magnetics, electromagnetism etc.
What does not work is some kind 1/1000 (one in thousand) random drift, unknown to any other science, and to make things even worse it fails when had the best chance ever to succeed (SC19-SC20).
You responded: This is easily done, e.g. http://www.leif.org/EOS/1006-3061v1.pdf that shows how a weak polar field of cycle 20 results from random diffusion of the magnetic flux.
No it is not.
Page 9 :
Without the cycle-dependent variations of the tilt angle the weak cycle 20 would have been unable to offset the polar field after cycle 19.
Introduces another spurious variable ‘tilt angle’ , which is undoubtedly a fiddle to get wanted result.
Leif Svalgaard says:
June 20, 2010 at 7:35 am
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 5:50 am
Their proxies for the torroidal and poloidal fields make some sense to me. Though I could show them some better ones.
Theirs at least are based on some modicum of observations.
Observations of the sunspot numbers and the Earth’s geomagnetism until recently.
Prior to the long minimum between the solar cycles 23 and 24 the dynamologists in chief were predicting one of the biggest cycles ever, though another dynamologist, you, disagreed, saying the polar field (or proxy for it prior to recent times) indicated that the cycle would be around 70SSN amplitude.
Dynamology – like trying to read entrails while they are still in the carcass.
Geoff Sharp says:
June 20, 2010 at 8:04 am
So 3 guys beat the average? As you know there are many others with high values for Sc24.
There was only one high dynamo-prediction for SC24.
Peter Taylor says:
June 20, 2010 at 8:44 am
(and the solar wind is an electrical current) there always has to be a circuit for the current to flow – so what happens at the helio-pause? Do those electrons never return? And if they do, then may they not follow some complex magnetic field pathways back to the source?
The solar wind is not an electrical current. It is neutral, having the same number of electrons and positive charges leaving the Sun. There is a magnetic field in the solar wind. The magnetic field [basically] changes sign between the two hemispheres and along the boundary between oppositely directed fields a ‘drift current’ is produced [looks like this: http://wso.stanford.edu/gifs/helio.gif ]. The current is there because of the magnetic field.
vukcevic says:
June 20, 2010 at 9:16 am
July 1961 (SIDC SSN =55-60) was 4 years away from min (rotten egg!).
Your formula calculates the largest polar field in 1963, and your calculated polar field in 1961 is larger than anything measured at any minimum thereafter.
There is no accurate and accepted value for polar fields in 1965…
The magnetic field has been measured continuously at MWO since the 1950s, as described here: http://www.leif.org/research/Sun%20Magnetic%20Sector%20Structure.pdf
Changes to the instrument occurred in 1963 and in 1966, and I decided not to include that data in our prediction paper because of its [somewhat] lower accuracy earlier on [although as we mention in the above paper “these factors do not, however, seem to have any significant influence on the results”]. As far as ‘accepted’ values are concerned: There are no other values except the ones I have presented and ‘accepted’. I have at MWO personally inspected all the magnetic data [and have often suggested digitization of the magnetograms – preserved on microfilm – but interest (and money) has been low] as part of the research for the above paper. The PF throughout the 1965 minimum and years before and after were faint and indistinct, not at all like the strong fields in 1953 e.g. as shown directly on slide 4 of http://www.leif.org/research/Polar%20Fields%20and%20Cycle%2024.pdf . I [and most other solar physicists] consider myself the foremost expert on this subject and my interpretation of the data stands.
There are several other [independent] lines of evidence that show low polar fields in 1965: [shape of corona, lack of cosmic ray anisotropy http://www.leif.org/research/Anomalous%20Cosmic-Ray%20Anisotropy,%201954.pdf caused by strong polar fields, weak Rosenberg-Coleman effect, weak IMF], but the direct measurements carry enough weight that we don’t need extra confirmation.
In that case anomaly would calculate PF to around 200.
Now you are just hand waving. You claim to have an accurate PF formula [“2 Cosine terms and all is clear”]. To regain a sliver of credibility, you now need to combine the anomaly formula with the PF formula into a single formula and calculate the resulting PF, and report the result here.
“Without the cycle-dependent variations of the tilt angle the weak cycle 20 would have been unable to offset the polar field after cycle 19.”
Introduces another spurious variable ‘tilt angle’ , which is undoubtedly a fiddle to get wanted result.
Shows your lack of respect for serious work. The tilt angle is not some ‘spurious’ variable, but an observed quantity [discovered in 1919 – Joy’s law] which is the direct cause of the polar field reversals.
And you accusation of ‘a fiddle to get wanted result’ is beneath decency and smacks of your anomaly fiddle.
tallbloke says:
June 20, 2010 at 10:01 am
Their proxies for the torroidal and poloidal fields make some sense to me. Though I could show them some better ones.
What are yours?
Prior to the long minimum between the solar cycles 23 and 24 the dynamologists in chief were predicting one of the biggest cycles ever
Nonsense, Dikpati et al. were aberrant [as we now know].
NASA in their operational planning uses the forecast by Schatten et al., who had this to say some time ago:
American Astronomical Society, Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 35, p.817, 05/2003
“[…] My colleagues and I have developed some understanding for how these methods work and have expanded the prediction methods using “solar dynamo precursor” methods, notably a “SODA” index (SOlar Dynamo Amplitude). These methods are now based upon an understanding of the Sun’s dynamo processes- to explain a connection between how the Sun’s fields are generated and how the Sun broadcasts its future activity levels to Earth. This has led to better monitoring of the Sun’s dynamo fields and is leading to more accurate prediction techniques. Related to the Sun’s polar and toroidal magnetic fields, we explain how these methods work, past predictions, the current cycle, and predictions of future of solar activity levels for the next few solar cycles.
The surprising result of these long-range predictions is a rapid decline in solar activity, starting with cycle #24. […]”
It would be progress if you stop spreading misinformation.