As I mentioned a few days ago, there was a panel that NASA convened to look at solar cycle 23/24 predictions.
From this story on space.com where they talk about the opposing views solar scientists have for cycle 24 they offer some opinions. NOAA Space Environment Center scientist Douglas Biesecker, who chaired the panel, said in a statement:
[…] despite the panel’s division on the Sun cycle’s intensity, all members have a high confidence that the season will begin in March 2008
Well, obviously March 2008 isn’t happening:
Current sun: blank
So now there’s a new set of numerical predictive numbers issued by NASA solar physicist David Hathaway. You can see the March 2008 updated prediction page here:
http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/predict.shtml
There is a lot of discussion there on how the numbers are derived, but plainly absent from the discussion is the real meat of the issue. The goalposts for the start of Cycle 24 have now been moved to May 2008. In addition to the discussion of the “hows” on that page, he also produced a set of numerical data for the prediction curves which you can see here: http://solarscience.msfc.nasa.gov/images/ssn_predict.txt
I’ve plotted the data for you below.
Click for a larger image
Notice how cycle 23 gets longer and longer, with a sharp upturn for cycle 24 starting in late 2008 and early 2009. Hathaway still believes cycle 24 will be slightly more in amplitude than cycle 23, while others think it will be lower.
I’m no solar physicist, but based on what I’ve seen, I’m betting the goalposts will be moved again in May, pointing to a start in August or September 2008. This would be more in line with the latest numbers predicted by the Space Environment Center (SEC):

We’ll see what happens. I’m still very much concerned about the apparent step change in 2005 to a lower plateau of the Geomagnetic Average Planetary (Ap) index. Which is something that does not appear in the previous cycle:
click for a larger image
What is most interesting about the Geomagnetic Average Planetary Index graph above is what happened around October 2005. Notice the sharp drop in the magnetic index and the continuance at low levels, almost as if something “switched off”.
UPDATE – Joe D’Aleo of ICECAP writes in with this:
This site http://users.telenet.be/j.janssens/SC24.html catalogs the many forecasts of the next cycle with links where available. The majority of these forecasts (23 of the 33) forecast a quieter cycle 24 than 23.
The Clilverd forecast http://users.telenet.be/j.janssens/SC24Clilverd.pdf is the lowest (peak SSN 42).
Dikpati http://www.ucar.edu/news/releases/2004/sunspot.shtml the highest (peak SSN 169). Hathaway of NASA was second highest (peak SSN 160) though he projected that cycle 25 could be quietest in centuries due to dramatic slowing of the conveyor belt of hot plasma http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2006/10may_longrange.htm
If we go to May or later before the solar min is reached, cycle 23 will be the longest cycle since the late 1800s.


There are people here who really know Landscheidt’s stuff.
Some points from Landscheidt, in plain English:
– Climatic variation is a function of solar activity – not so much CO2.
– The 90 yr Gleissberg Cycle modulates the 11 year sunspot cycle.
– The Gleissberg Cycle minimas bring cool periods in N. hemisphere.
– The lower sunspot activity is, the cooler the temps.
– Solar oscillation cycles affect sunspots and thus climate.
– Francis Bacon and E. Bruckner noticed different regions of the world experienced 36-year climate cycles.
– Based on solar cycles, Lanscheidt predicted a temp drop for 2007 (Jan/Feb 08?).
– Predicted US farmers would have a a wet 2007.
– Predicted Lake Huron and Michigan would have a low level in 2007 (I recall
reading a USA Today panic report on Great Lakes drying up last summer).
– These 2 Great Lakes will have a high level in 2025.
– He predicted, three years before the event, that the Sahelian drought would end in 1985.
– Landscheidt predicted cooler temps for the first part of the 21st century.
– and a LIA around 2030.
Landscheidt predicted some kind of Maunder Minimum to occur again soon.
Can anyone here confirm this? Or is this Nostradamus?
@MattN or Riv Werme
There’s no denying the existence solar oscillation cycles, and there’s enough data supporting their effects on earth climate. Cycles aren’t chaotic, and thus allow possibility to make future predictions. This aint astrology.
Can you confirm his prediction of an extended period of low sunspot activity to start at about now, and to cause another little Ice Age in a couple of decades?
Or did I get that all mixed up?
Some comments and questions.
A solar cycle 24 sunspot may be on the far side of the sun right now, if I’m reading this image correctly:
http://soi.stanford.edu/data/full_farside/latest.syn_small.gif
While I believe that solar activity significantly influences climate, it wouldn’t seem that it is directly related to SSN’s per se. The peak SSN’s do not correlate well at all with decadal variations in globally averaged temperatures. I know that there’s been an effort to link it rather to the length of the solar cycle, but if cycle 23 is turning out to be one of the longest, then that doesn’t fit that theory because the rate of increase in temperature has begun to moderate since the the peak of SSN.
I think it is more likely to have something to do with the influence of solar cycles on geomagnetic activity. If you look at this plot of the aa index
http://www.ips.gov.au/Images/Educational/Magnetic%20Field/Geomagnetic%20Activity/geomag_var_01.gif
it shows a pattern of increase through the 20th century that very roughly matches the rise in globally averaged temperatures. Looking at the troughs as a baseline for the minimum activity of each cycle, they gradually rise through the early decades of the 20th century, drop a bit at the mid century mark, and then begin to rise until the end of the century.
I would love to have access to the data to do some smoothing to it, and compare it to smoothed globally averaged temperatures, but I have yet to be able to find the data itself accessible over the internet. If anyone happens to know where or how I might obtain the data, I would appreciate hearing from you.
On Landscheidt, I agree with MattN in that if he dabbled in astrology, that doesn’t make his work on solar cycles unscientific. The latter lead him to specific falsifiable predictions, a hallmark of what it means to do science. If, in the end, the predictions turn out to be mainly falsified, that would only make his theories bad science, not unscientific. I’m not suggesting by this that I buy into his theories, but that’s because I’ve never taken the time to fully understand them. So consider me agnostic, for now, about Landscheidt cycles.
Terry,
You certainly aren’t the only person in this position. My friends simply do not want to hear ANYTHING about this. They don’t even rely on RealClimate and are adopting a “I don’t care how many graphs/studies you show me THERE IS GLOBAL WARMING and CO2/people are to blame”. Anything that shows the contrary is obviously a right wing/big oil plot to frustrate the good fight to save the planet. I still get the ‘95% of all scientists believe CO2/People are to blame and the few that don’t are in the pay of big oil’. They have no basis for making this claim but believe it fervently. Very sad to me.
Terry, and Bruce Cobb, and many, many more…
Whether scientist, or layman, your above comments are spot on regarding the present state of most climate change “debates” and the effect on relationships, and friendships.
There are a few more of similar mind at,
http://www.globalwarmingskeptics.info/
The more the merrier.
Bill, et al:
“My friends simply do not want to hear ANYTHING about this.”
I can’t help them, but I recently finished a web page aimed at both people who don’t know much more than “An Inconvenient Truth” and scientists who’ve think skeptic is meant to be used as a derogatory term.
Science, Method, Climatology, and Forgetting the Basics presents some fundamentals about the scientific method and then looks at just two theories (solar/cosmic ray and CO2/GHG), and presents minimal information in support and against them. I mean for it to be just a start, but hopefully something that will pique anyone’s interest in the actual science behind climate change. Now that the two theories are predicting opposite effects, we have a chance at getting real science to replace mantra.
Hi,
Basil don’t see anything on STEREO. Don’t think we are going to see any SC24 spots soon, most likely SC23 spots. Also the other two links are about geomagnetic and cosmic rays. I think you will find them interesting.
http://stereo-ssc.nascom.nasa.gov/beacon/beacon_secchi.shtml
http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=2868#comment-225291
http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=2679#comment-221892
Basil:
You will find the aa index data here:
ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/STP/GEOMAGNETIC_DATA/AASTAR/
Hi,
Here is Leif Svalgaard’s statement on global warming.
http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=2679#comment-224695
For the next cycle to rise as steeply as depicted, there would have to be a highly abnormal behavior pattern. Of course, as noted, the seeming change to a new mode back in 2005 is in and of itself abnormal, so I suppose a steep rise cannot be ruled out. But I would be somewhat surprised if it happened.
AGWscoffer:
You can read about and find a link to Dr. Landscheidt’s “New Little Ice Age Instead of Global Warming?” paper here:
http://landscheidt.auditblogs.com/archives/24
Chaotic Systems
I have only a rudimetary knowledge of Solar Physics, Fluid Dynamics and Chaotic Systems. However the sun is a magnetohydrodynamic system, and at such should be considered chaotic. For example in fluid dynamics(hydrodynamics) the transition from laminar to turbulent is chaotic, and cannot be predicted with a set of linear equations. For a simple interesting exercise, one can google the Lorentz Attractor (a set of three coupled differential equations)– the butterfly. This system is mostly periodic, but the an instablity, can cause it to jump from one approximate periodic system to another approximate periodic system (two wings of the butterfly) !
REPLY: Well said. The sun is a rotating ball of superheated fluid plasma, so the application of fluid dynamics surely applies. MAgnetic field lines get bent due to variances between rotation rates at the poles versus the solar equator.
Dr. Landscheit made another prediction:
http://www.john-daly.com/theodor/new-enso.htm
” PC/8 in 2007.2 has El Niño potential. As the date 2007.2 is closer to 2006/2007 than to 2007/2008 it is to be expected that El Niño will already emerge around July 2006 and last at least till May 2007 (Probability 80 %). The alternative to this early date is a release of the expected El Niño around April 2007; it should last till January 2008 (Probability 20 %). ”
Anyone can check how right was Landscheit. And this is nothing to do with the astrology. Or maybe be we should discard GTR just because Einstein was a patent clerk without PhD?
Astrology and Landscheit
Sir Isaac Newton in his spare time dabbled in Alchemy.
Carl Smith, Jim Arnt
Thanks for the links!
Basil
Regarding Landscheidt, I have only recently began studying his work in some depth, and we it is true that he studied Astrology. We shouldn’t dismiss that. But having said that, if someone says “he studied Astrology, and therefore his work is not science” then I think that’s a little over the top. First of all, Astrology has both a scienitific and a religious component to it. I am Christian, and would never consider dabbling in the religious nature of it. But that is different from studying and understanding the paths/movements of celestial objects and the science that underlies it.
All this aside, in my study of his work, I do not see Astrology. I see science. If it isn’t science, somebody please let me know, because I am dumber than I thought if that’s the case.
Landscheidt’s theory is that the sun revolves around the center of mass of the solar system as our SS traverses its path around the galaxy. The distance of the sun from the center of mass changes as planetary alignment changes, changing the curvature of the revolution, which affects torque and angular momentum. This then impacts solar activity. The helix-type path gets traced every 179 years, and then doubles back so the entire path is about 360 years. Based on his studies, the reasons for changes in solar activity seem to make a lot more sense to me than other explanations I’ve read.
And yes, he is anticipating a Grand Minimum around 230, thanks to a rare event in 1990 that precedes solar reduction. That reduction typically starts on an 8 year lag historically, and seems to correspond with the start of flattening/cooling in 1998.
Unfortunately Astrology isn’t about the science of anything, and has no place in scientific circles.
I have looked in to Landscheidt’s work.
His theory of the Sun’s barycentric solar motional oscillations and the variations this creates in the rotational force of the Sun’s plasma makes a lot of sense to me.
Correlation with theory and observation is very good both at the current time and when one look at historical data.
Of course, this type of correlation between observation and theory is completely absent in the AGW theory and it is not very good either in the predictions for the coming solar cycle 24 that have been made by most established academical researchers.
To me it’s not surprising that someone who have been interested in astrology and is used to look at planetary motions and events also might be interested in planetary motions and changes in the climate.
Whatever one thinks of astrology, consider this. There exist far more astrologers who have a good knowledge of the motions of the planets of the solar system than there exist solar physicists. And of those solar physicists only a few of them are interested in the Sun’s connection to the Earth’s climate.
I think more people should look in to his theory and work.
I favor a theory if it makes sense and there is a good correlation between theory and observations regardless of the background of the person that came up with that theory.
And his work has nothing more to do with astrology than Newton’s work on gravity had to do with astrology. Although both, I believe, worked as astrologers.
I wish his work is wrong, because we in for some cold times.
Although I have much respect for Dr. Svalgaard, one may wish to realize his is but one viewpoint and he openly admits is “controversial”.
It seems logical to me that even if Svalgaard is correct concerning TSI being extremely low in variation, should SC23 linger on and SC24 be very weak and temperatures continue to fail to warm or cool, it would appear the solar connection cannot be denied any longer as he suggests earth’s climate may be hyper sensitive to solar changes.
On the other hand, Svalgaard refers to Scafetta & West, Hoyt & Schatten and others research as “dogma”. His presence at CA is appreciated, but I also find his unrelenting criticism of other solar researchers disagreeing with him to be a bit egotistical IMO.
One more note about Landscheidt: he was a judge in Germany, and all of his solar works he did when he was retired. This means that he was financially and socially independed from the mainstream science. Everything that he found in his researches was purely based on good scientific curiosity. If you look in the history of science you will see that most of the great discoveries are made exactly by people like this. Contemporary science is heavily professionalized that leads to vulnerability to political influence. Most of that happens with the climatology today is because of this political influence upon the science.
Indeed by googling on Landscheidt and astrology the first entry is my blog Landscheidt, Astrology…and Totalitarianism
The practice of poo-pooing somebody’s work based on one or the other trait of his personality is a sign of a losing argument, or of a totalitarian one.
Landscheidt I am sure would have been really interested in all the controversy that he has aroused, after all creating interest in a theory, and the debates that follow is what proving science is all about. I think that to much attention is being paid to the ‘astrology’ aspect of his studies. My wife is a psychiatrist and as a relaxant /hobby she owns and rides and maintains a Harley Davidson. But she is not, I can assure you a ‘Hells Angel’ ( some might say that she is a little eccentric, but Hells Angel never.) Well don’t just stand there get a rag and clean !
” Doug Taylor (11:25:56) :
Sir Isaac Newton in his spare time dabbled in Alchemy.”
I think you’ll find that in reality Newton was virtually a full-time alchemist who dabbled in mathmatics in his spare time! 🙂
For sunspot numbers, http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/solar/ftpsunspotnumber,html wil give a daily readout from 1818 to Feb. this year, monthly numbers from 1700 to now and even sunspot observations as far back as 165 BC. It makes for some very interesting charts. I’m still looking for temperature charts for comparison.
Solar flux 68.2 yesterday, a new low for this cycle. I know, I know, it could be 70 tomorrow, but still, definitely not yet starting its slow rise.
========================