I attended John Cook’s talk at the University of Bristol Victoria rooms last night at 6 PM. Besides myself, about 20 other climate skeptics also attended the talk, making up about 25% of what I saw to be about a 75% filled room. The talk itself was rather uneventful; there was really nothing new discussed and in fact the only new thing that I saw in Mr. Cook’s presentation is what you see in the photo above, which is an excerpt from a news pundit episode called “Last Week Tonight” with John Oliver.
Here is the video of that segment presented by Cook in full. The part on climate skeptic starts at about 50 seconds in and completes the entire segment. I don’t think Mr. Cook understands that this video, while referencing his infamous 97% contentious claim, makes the 97% look like a gang of bullies. See for yourself:
While this is obviously satire it was presented in parallel with other information that was considered by Mr. Cook to be scientific. I found this juxtaposition very odd, since it essentially disagreed with Cook’s own position on the public viewpoint percentages as well as trivializing and debasing the debate.
I took photos of every slide that Mr. Cook put up last night and I thought about repeating a number of them here but there really is no point since we’ve seen all of them before, having drawn them from his skeptical science website and from his publications. I will place up this one photo though it demonstrates that the parody video above and John Cook’s own assessment of the public levels of skepticism differ significantly:
Here are some of my impressions of the evening event.
First I wish to thank the people of the Cabot Institute for their assistance to me related to my hearing impairment. They went above and beyond to make sure that I was accommodated and were most gracious, and I am most appreciative. Second, I wish to thank the WUWT readership at large for assistance in getting me here in the first place.
Third, the event was quiet and reserved. There were no protest signs, and skeptics made no disturbances. In fact, there were no verbal clashes of any sort that I witnessed and overall it was a pleasant event as these events go.
John Cook himself made it a point to come up and introduce himself to me before the talk began. Actually he sat down right next to me in the front row seat that was reserved for made by the Cabot Institute people. I had not wanted to approach him because my goal was simply to observe and not to cause any sorts of disruptions and I didn’t know the in introducing myself would be seen as such.
We chatted about travel, family, and other pleasantries, and I found him to be pleasant and reserved as well as treating me with courtesy. Such types of meetings face-to-face are quite different from what one would expect to see in written commentary or blog chatter. There was no hint of condescension between either of us and we left on pleasant terms.
This sort of meeting underscores what I feel is the need for more one-on-one conversations. It is very easy to demonize your opponent from a distance on social media ( or as some might call it unsocial media) however, meeting one face-to-face humanizes your differences. Barry Woods who was there spoke of this effect in his dealings with the editors of the Frontiers Journal. He said he was unable to make any headway with e-mail exchanges but that when he spoke with the editors personally all of a sudden understandings were forged. We all owe Barry a debt of gratitude for his efforts in helping to get the “Recursive Fury” paper retracted.
I cannot say the same however for Prof. Lewandowski who was also there last night. He was aware of my presence and made no effort at contact nor did I. After what I consider glaring breaches of professional and personal ethics in his taunting (and now retracted) “Recursive Fury” paper I don’t think I would be able to have a civil conversation with him, so it was probably for the best that we did not engage in a conversation.
The question-and-answer period was quite interesting, with the majority of questions coming from skeptical commenters. One question that caught my attention was a gentleman who suggested to Mr. Cook that his viewpoint “reduced the question of climate change to a binary yes or no issue when in fact the issue is far more complex with many shades of gray”.
As the title indicates I’ll leave this forum open for those in attendance last night to relate their own experiences in the Q&A session to the comments section below which I will add to the body of this essay.
After the talk, about 20 climate skeptics walked over to Channing’s free house and made merry, taking over a good portion of the tables. With a much reduced group we later went to a second pub of which I cannot recall the name.
I thank everyone who was there for their kind words and for keeping a drink in my hand. Though this morning as I write this in a somewhat British fog I will say that my thanks while sincere are now somewhat muted 🙂
For those who attended, feel free to leave your own impressions of the event below, and I’ll add to the body of the essay.
UPDATE:
Here are the comments from attendees:
Bloke down the pub
September 20, 2014 at 3:39 am
I think my impressions of the evening were pretty close to yours. Your comment on being able to talk one on one does strike a chord. I felt the frustrating part was knowing that many of the warmists or neutrals in the audience would have accepted as fact what Cook was saying, where one on one contact would have allowed weaknesses in the argument to be pointed out. I’m glad you had a good evening and I enjoyed meeting you and so many other names from here who I can now put a face to. Hopefully the Mann event will go as well.
David Holland
September 20, 2014 at 4:35 am
I agree with Anthony’s comments.
Cook tried to elicit from the audience their understanding of the physical basis of anthropogenic global warming and claimed to have received it from the answers given. However I do not recall the role of water vapour being mentioned from the platform or the floor and the slide he put up to show the answer implied that all the anthropogenic warming came from Carbon Dioxide only. If this were true there would be no significant warming. IPCC 1991 SPM says:
“The main greenhouse gas water vapour, will increase in response to global warming and further enhance it”
The entire AGW scare is based upon the assumption that a positive feedback mechanism exists where more warming produces more water vapour and that produces more warming etc. This mechanism, on which I could say more and the role of the atmosphere was not mentioned. ‘Pathetic’ was my overall impression.
I am glad that I did not have to pay for my ticket but was amply rewarded by the pleasure of meeting Anthony and so many good friends.
CarolineK
September 20, 2014 at 6:49 am
My impression, apart from agreeing with what Anthony and others said about the presentation, was that whilst the sceptic questions were very good, Cook’s slick technique was to say to each one words to the effect of ‘that’s a very good question’ – and then go on to give, like a good pollie, the answer to the question he would have preferred had been asked, so in effect, answered nothing satisfactorily, while giving the impression to those not in the know that he had.
The other thing that was very noticeable was at the end, there was a queue waiting to meet Anthony, while Cook and Lewandowsky were ignored on the whole. Anthony was indisputably the star of the evening, despite not having uttered a single (public) comment.
Jack
September 20, 2014 at 7:33 am
I attended this talk as a non-expert “believer” in AGW. My position mostly arises from being science-minded skeptic (in the untarnished sense). I have a good understanding of the scientific process/establishment (both its strengths and weaknesses), combined with an understanding politics, economics, ideology and psychology etc. that makes the world tick.
From the materials I’ve read over a few years (from both sides) I’ve found myself persuaded that the “basic science” is settled i.e. the climate is warming and we are largely responsible. So much so that’s I’ve lost interest in that area somewhat.
Back to the talk: What I got from it was that it’s ^this message (the message on “basic science”) which is still muddled in the public’s minds. Didn’t seem that controversial, given the history we have with trying to get the public to understand all sorts of complex issues over the decades (smoking, vaccinations etc)
I was very surprised at the end of the talk then, to find the majority of audience questions coming from staunch opponents to the thesis that Cook was putting forward! As I have since found out it there were a lot of WUWT readers in attendance ready to ask challenging questions 🙂
As usual in these types of confrontations (where “tribes” seemed wilful to misinterpret) it seems half the questions missed the point, and half the answers avoided the questions :-/ Cook himself mostly handled the questions without panic or aggression which I believe is the right approach. I think he himself said he thought taking on difficult questions but remaining civil was best for everybody. Not that he rebutted them to the extent I would have liked but.
After the Q&A I listened-in to an brief debate between a couple of skeptics and non-skeptics. Given how prepared, passionate and knowledgeable the skeptics seemed I was impressed and surprised to find one of non-skeptics to be equally so (a relief). Sadly we were ushered out of the room before the debate could make much headway.
I had a brief chat with a few of the skeptics and they all seemed like perfectly nice blokes (if a little too eager to exposes the history injustices against their cause!), and although I didn’t have much time it struck me very quickly that all sides seemed to agree on the “basic science” question. (Yet given that, I’m still confused why they come across as seeming so keen still to “prove the [basic] science wrong”?? Supposedly I was told that’s only a fringe group… but then squabbling soon return to whether its 0.3 or 0.15 degrees. I’m sure 6 or 7 years ago they were arguing over whether it was positive or negative…hmmm).
The real disagreements then seemed to come down to risk and policy…which I think are perfectly justified areas of debate (And often areas where science cannot give answers). I’m personally not aware or convinced that higher temperatures are bad. I can see there being potential upsides and downsides to climate change. And there are always costs in taking both action and inaction. I’ve not read the risk assessments but I can imagine this stuff is very difficult to assess so I can seem room for ideology to creeps in. Again I generally am in favour of low carbon as it has lots of other benefits (I like efficiency and don’t like smog) but then building solar farms in drizzly Cornwall doesn’t seem that smart to me either…. but disagreeing on this stuff doesn’t make one side “idiots” or not! There are genuinely justifiable yet alternative positions sensible people can hold on this stuff.
Like Anthony Watts says, I think the humanizing effect of face-to-face communication is vitally important and I’m glad that was able to happen last night and I hope it continues.
NeilC
September 20, 2014 at 7:33 am
Hi Anthony, it was good to meet you yesterday evening.
The way I saw Cook’s performance was, very well prepared, and had slides to back up any possible/likely questions from sceptics. The title of the presentation, “Dogma vs consensus: Letting the evidence speak on climate change, was rather apt, I thought. He presented 100% dogma, and 97.4% consensus. My only problem was the evidence, which was not convincing and “cherry picked”.
I don’t believe that dogma or consensus is always right, and of course has been proven wrong historically. The consensus thought the world was flat, until proved wrong. The consensus thought the sun revolved around the Earth, until proved wrong. The consensus thought tectonic plates did not exist, until proved wrong.
I thought his temperature graph about the pause, and saying global warming is still happening was interesting, starting in 1970 up till about 2010. As depicted on the chart “cherry picked”, he was right it was.
I never understand why they aren’t honest with temperature records. Using CET data, I know it’s not global, I know it wasn’t all that accurate in early years but it is the longest instrumental record we have. It reflects past temperatures much more accurately than the use of proxy data. If they were honest, they would tell everyone, the temperature has only risen 0.8DegC in 353 years. It also shows a cooling trend for the last 21 years. It is not surprising the temperature has been rising since the record commenced just after the coldest part of the LIA; it is the difference in the amount of rise and cause of the rise they suggest with which I argue.
Natural variation is vast, from an ice free planet to a snowball Earth (140 Deg C difference).
When I asked about how they measure temperatures in the deep oceans I was hoping to add, and how accurate and how long have we been measuring them, but didn’t get the opportunity.
In summary, yes it was all dogma, yes the 97.4% consensus was mentioned consistently, but the real evidence was not there.
Many thanks to the Cabot Institute for putting on this lecture.
Have a good weekend, and see you next week.
NeilC
Katabasis
September 20, 2014 at 8:17 am Edit
It was great to finally meet you in person Anthony, along with many other sceptics it was my first time meeting face to face. It was only a shame I couldn’t stick around for longer as I had to get the last coach back to London.
I greatly admire your calm and restraint in the face of people like Cook. I’m finding it increasingly harder to rein my temper in with these people and for you to be able to do so in the face of an astronomically higher number of slings and arrows coming your way than I’ll ever have to bear means you’re a far better man than I.
Cooks’ talk for me was highly offensive and equally laughable (and I did laugh). He happily struts around as a purveyor of the belief in some “conspiracy” of “d*niers” that I’ve yet to meet or encounter one member of, or anyone who vaguely resembles them. This would not be nearly so bad for the fact that he, Lewandowsky and others are able to provide work that is of such poor quality, if not outright fraudulent that is not only accepted by the academic establishment, but they are actively rewarded for it at the highest level with plaudits, fame, money.
Cook’s presentation was a long dribble of one fact-free ridiculous claim about “d*niers” after another and I find it both surreal and disturbing that it is (and was) not laughed out of the room by the numerous Bristol academics that were present. I’ve become utterly embittered by climate “science”, and the normalisation of this kind of activist-science in institutions that are supposed to be guardians of integrity and truth. It’s a disease that is now rapidly encroaching on other areas – as ably demonstrated by Lewandowsky’s pernicious influence now being felt in psychology and the social sciences.
I don’t see this situation improving any time soon. As a result, I’m most likely going to be departing academia in utter disgust, and returning to the private sector. I have a thin list of departments and researchers in the UK I’d be willing to work for in an academic setting, however those people have a foot in the real world where they actually have to deliver, and to deliver something substantial at that. Their work contrasts sharply with much of the “research” I’ve been embarrassed to even be in just the proximity of at the institutions I have worked at – it has mostly been vague hand wavy stuff that the taxpayer is gouged for. The covenant there is broken to my mind, even before the toxic reach of activist-science is felt.
The fact that Cook et al, quite literally, draw a cartoon version of sceptics that they then proceed to “engage” with was made clear – yet again – when myself and Barry Woods were accosted by three students who demanded to know who we were. It is becoming increasingly tedious to go through the exact same motions every time – they are shocked to the core to find out that our main objections, as sceptics, are focused on the catastrophism and the feedbacks and that many of our positions are, if not identical, at least compatible with the IPCC. It is truly depressing and sad to realise that they don’t seem to be aware that Cook’s presentation, explaining how to “inoculate” people against “d*nialist propaganda” is itself a masterclass in propaganda. They’re going to be equally shocked every time they meet a sceptic in person until they realise that just because someone is on stage, just because they have fame and just because they have “Dr” in front of their name, does not make them a paragon of integrity.
All bar one of the points made from the floor to Cook were challenging in some respect to his – and the general alarmist’s – perspective. From my POV he airily dismissed all of them and implied strongly at the end that they should be ignored because they were obviously coming from this super sekrit conspiracy of “d*niers”.
For my part, I followed straight up on his complaining about the petition project. He said it should be ignored because most of the people who signed it, whilst many may be academics and researchers, were not climate scientists. Bizarrely he singled out ‘someone with a PhD in Computer Science’ as an example of someone who should not be trusted with regard to their opinion on climate science. I put it to him that his paper on “consensus” should be retracted on multiple grounds. One of which was that – in contrast to what he had just been saying – many of the papers listed in supposed support of “the consensus” were not only written by non-climate scientists, they also had nothing to do with climate science. I listed off some of the many examples identified by José Duarte [1], including papers on housing associations, television news coverage, cooking stoves, asthma, opinion polls etc etc.
Cook’s response? Er – that ‘proved his point’ apparently, because it “showed consensus across subject areas”. WTF?
A couple of Cook’s responses to others are highly notable however, and should definitely be recorded for posterity. In response to a questioner who pointed out that most objections regard catastrophism Cook said that the “consensus” was not about impending catastrophe but climate disruption. Not only do I think that is a fascinating shifting of the goal posts, but I’d also really like to know how he quantifies that because as most of us here area aware in terms of “extreme weather” the IPCC “consensus” certainly does not support this assertion.
A second response was, I think, in answer to the point from the floor about the issue not being black and white. Cook acknowledged that there are large swathes of the debate that remain unsettled – a point that seems to get people branded as a “d*nier” over at Sceptical Séance and then banned.
All in all the whole experience was more of the same and the best part by far was meeting some other sceptics in the pub.
[1] http://www.joseduarte.com/blog/cooking-stove-use-housing-associations-white-males-and-the-97
=====
Oh I should also mention that Cook is launching a MOOC (Massively Open Online Course) on “Making Sense of Climate Science D*nial”
https://www.edx.org/course/uqx/uqx-denial101x-making-sense-climate-4371#.VBxNu-c0phE
SuffolkBoy
September 20, 2014 at 8:46 am
I was at the meeting too. However, I must have missed the message about getting to Channings so had a lonely evening 🙁 followed by a trip back to Suffolk today. I didn’t recognize anybody, there was no obvious gang-formation, and there were no name-tags! I was expecting much more in the way both of the “science” and a useful or even lively debate afterwards. Instead it was just pie-charts with “97%” and that irritating graphic “how skeptics see global warming” repeating endlessly. Except for the mewling kittens, I found nothing new in the talk at all: it was just like the website, but with pop-up cartoons and added 3D. I don’t think Cook understands at all that the CAGW hypothesis has transformed into a religion. Banging on about how 97% of Catholics believe that the Pope exists isn’t going to win back any converts to the warmist cause. The Q&A session revealed more and more that the CAGW message these days is just a collection of soundbites without any joined-up message. Any sceptical comment was simply met with variations on “Read IPCC Chapter 4 Verse 3″: “and the seas shall be uplifted and the unbelievers shall be drowned”. I bet they have more exciting meetings at the Malvern Contract Bridge Club.
The only interesting part was being met with the pamphleteers asking me to support the LBGT March Against Climate Change and the walk home. During the walk I was struck by (compared to Suffolk) the disparity of life-styles in this bastion of LibDem country and Bristol Universty: every corner, closed shop entrance and cash-point was festooned with street-beggars asking for “change” from the passing latte-sippers and sushi-eaters. Amazingly, nobody blamed the train disruption (unprecedented flash-floods on the Lonodon-Bristol line) on “climate change”.
Anyone going to the Mann talk? Is there a pre-meeting beer or a post-meeting curry?
manicbeancounter
September 20, 2014 at 9:49 am
It was great to meet Anthony last night, along with many others.
I concur with Anthony’s comments above, except that the questions were nearly all from skeptics, not just a majority. The most pointed pro-consensus question was towards the end, on why most of the questions were coming from skeptics, when most of those in the room seem to be from the other side.
Of the talk, I would also add a final slide was adapted John Cook’s flickering “escalator” temperature graph from his website – only last night it had cherries on with the “cherry-picking”. It was left flickering away for about 15 minutes.
The link is at http://www.skepticalscience.com/graphics.php?g=47
This shows something important. A number of climate skeptics went to listen to someone who grossly misrepresents and maligns our views. There was no heckling, no abusive language or cross words – put there were pointed questions that were mostly met with politician-style answers. From John Cook there was not even a hint of an acknowledgement that the range of skeptical views posted at WUWT, and elsewhere, may have a hint of credibility to them. Rather than try to engage and understand other viewpoints, he makes up something totally false.
The gatherings in the pubs, before and after, were a complete contrast. We “skeptics” have a huge range of different views, but we listened and debated over the beer and cider.
Kevin Marshall – Manicbeancounter
flydlbee
September 20, 2014 at 10:03 am Edit
I felt Cook’s assertions about the 97% figure were laughable. He was obviously facing a more-than-usually cynical audience. He struck me as the “Alex Salmond” of climate science, articulate, but not reliable.
Nice to meet you, Anthony.
===============================================
UPDATE 2:
One of the slides in the Cook talk was about crossing a bridge and the 97%. The meme is typically phrased like this:
97% of engineers say a bridge will collapse, 3% say not to worry – would you still drive over it?
One of the attendees, Michel, has written commentary about this, it is worth reading:
Discover more from Watts Up With That?
Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.
Kudos to Cook for coming over to speak to you. I hope this will lead to better dialogue between the two sides in the not to distant future.
I am all for constructive dialogue and have had very cordial discussions by email and face to face with scientists at the met office. At a conference in Exeter I attended a few months ago Thomas stocker and various other ipcc reviewers were all perfectly pleasant.
We must stop thinking of them as demons, idiots or colluding in some vast conspiracy or hoax
Tonyb
That thinking must happen on both sides before anything constructive can happen.
Brian
Looking at some of the typically caustic comments on this blog on an average thread a warmist would feel disinclined to engage. Having a hostile atmosphere is counter productive for those you wish to influence I.e those who don’t think like you. it cuts both ways of course as sceptics are unlikely to want to hang around at a number of hostile warmist blogs.
Tonyb
Whoa…before you guys wander off to crawl in the hot tub and sing kumbaya, it might be helpful to remember these guys are indeed colluding in a vast conspiracy/hoax, and it’s costing us tens of billions of dollars a year…and they want much more.
Not only are the scientific conclusions wrong, but the process is intellectually dishonest.
Yea, sure go have “constructive dialog”, but for pete’s sake, don’t lose track of what the problem is.
I have to agree with Chip. Never forget what these people want, and the lengths they will go to get it, nor what it means for the world and her people if they do. The warmist agenda will cost billions more, in blood and treasure, should sanity fail to prevail. It is dangerous to forget that in the name of pleasant dialogue.
Are there only two sides?
Chip
Are you suggesting that for the last 30 years thousands of scientists from around the world are getting together in a giant organised conspiracy and deliberately perpetrating fraud?
tonyb
No but:-
“It’s hard to make a man understand something when his livelihood depends on him not understanding it”
I would state that many (don’t have an exact body count) scientists have willingly turned their back on the scientific method of “if the data doesn’t fit, the theory is wrong”; claims of “settled science” and “97% consensus” are nonsense; refusal of many (not all) to even discuss the science is childish.
Do I think this is a deliberate fraud? You bet I do. Why do I think this is being done? MONEY & POWER (ref Michael Mann & his Nobel prize).
You may be as snarky in your response to me as you wish, but to be credible, you’ll need to explain the current 17-year+ pause. It’s impractical, but it would be nice if we could revisit this conversation in, say, 10 years, when I honestly believe CAGW (or what ever it’ll be called by then) will be viewed as a very unpleasant academic & scientific fraud.
Chip
I wasn’t being snarky.
I have written some 15 articles on various aspects of climate change and have never believed that humanity is responsible for it.
During the course of my research I have read thousands of papers talked with hundreds of scientists and visited a number of establishments such as the Met office.
I find the idea of thousands of highly intelligent scientists being directed to commit fraud as some part of a giant conspiracy to be fanciful.
Which is not to say of course that there are a number of highly motivated activists with disproportionate influence nor that there are holes in many of the warmist arguments.
However we are in danger of underestimating those we disagree with if we merely believe They can be easily dismissed Because their work is ‘ fraudulent’
Tonyb
More like a bandwagon throwing money than a planned military exercise type conspiracy. Follow the money. Government bureaucrats like it causes it validates their existence (and salaries). How many bureaucrats do you find believe their job is superfluous and actively campaign for its elimination?
I think my impressions of the evening were pretty close to yours. Your comment on being able to talk one on one does strike a chord. I felt the frustrating part was knowing that many of the warmists or neutrals in the audience would have accepted as fact what Cook was saying, where one on one contact would have allowed weaknesses in the argument to be pointed out. I’m glad you had a good evening and I enjoyed meeting you and so many other names from here who I can now put a face to. Hopefully the Mann event will go as well.
It will not. Mickey Mann’s presence assures that it will not.
I had hoped to attend and had reserved a ticket, but events overtook me and I had to stay at home – it’s a 90 minute drive to Bristol. My main reason for wanting to attend was to meet you, Anthony, in the hope of being able to show you my interactive approach to climate data, which differs from that of others and highlights different aspects of data time series from those typically appearing in relevant publications of various types.
I see from today’s newspaper that Bristol had a pretty intense thunderstorm yesterday. Pity about that! We’ve had dry and warm weather for the whole of September until a few days ago – but then, that’s weather.
Perhaps I could send you some of my takes on how climate changes, or does not, by email. Can’t get to grips with posting graphics, I’m afraid :-(( I look at any climate-related time series that I can find.
Hope that you enjoyed your trip to Bristol. It is a scenic city with loads of history – some of it rather unsavoury I fear – and a rather special place to live.
Robin
Robin, drop me a note using the About> Contact menu bar and I’ll have a look. I’m sorry we were not able to meet.
So John Cook was polite to our man Watts.
Could he have been applying “The Art of War”
“Respect the enemy, appreciate his mind.”
-I Ching
I used to attend and speak at technology conferences, and have found many people are quite pleasant in person, while vitriolic behind the keyboard. Its amazing the two faces people take on. I’d prefer everyone be the same person (polite) regardless of proximity.
“With a much reduced group we later went to a second pub of which I cannot recall the name.”
That’s what I call a good conference!
If you can only remember what the first pub was named and not the others then that was a successful pub crawl.
…With a much reduced group we later went to a second pub of which I cannot recall the name….
Which is exactly as it should be. If you can’t remember ANYTHING about the rest of the evening, rest assured that you had a GOOD time…!
That’s how I got married
Unless you drank champagne that tastes just like coca/cherry cola. That’s C-O-L-A, cola.
Enron is dead. Long live Enron!
-=ANNOUNCEMENT * ANNOUNCEMENT * ANNOUNCEMENT=-
After #gamergate, millions of computer gamers are this month in full activist rebellion, organizing boycotts and letter writing campaigns and making YouTube videos against suddenly revealed corrupt insider journalism in support of “social justice warrior” (SJW) feminist activists trying to inject themselves into what is now the largest media market in the world, bigger than Hollywood. I highly encourage as many skeptics as care about how the mainstream media has declared war on them, just like gamer scene journalists have this season declared war on their own readers for demanding an end of lies and con artists taking over, via liberal arts major feminist progressives pretending to be game enthusiasts with one sleeping her way around to get favorable reviews and an insider mailing list being revealed a couple days ago, where journalists were indeed found coordinating a smear campaign and whitewash. What happened comparable to Climategate was a boyfriend exposed a feminist icon of the gaming media as a con artist cheating on him with media insiders.
A Kickstarter campaign produced a pair of feminist videos in which another gal, the insufferable scold Anita Sarkeesian, enacted her own violence against women in games but then lied about it by claiming that the games rewarded such behavior when in fact they cause demerits. An activist scientist gamer who created debunking videos, after earlier skewering a green energy boondoggle about solar powered highways, named thunderf00t, just had his Twitter account suspended by the SJWs.
Anybody who made a popular anti-greenie science facts video deserves the support of skeptics here now that he is at the center of opposition to media corruption and is being attacked.
Millions of upset people in a two billion dollar market are up in arms this season. GO GIVE THEM SUPPORT ON TWITTER. Tell them how you have also been attacked by journalists for speaking out about corruption. They are young, mostly, lots of minorities and women too who are using the hashtag #notyourshield to protest the stereotyping by nasty third wave grievance industry feminists of concerned gamers as sexist white jerks. Similar to climate alarm on conservative sites, news sites like VICE.com who are whitewashing the favoritism of political agendas have 95% angry comments from readers, and the commotion is now getting the attention of the conservative blogosphere.
I have never seen such intense grassroots activism since the 1960s. They are not backing down and the coverup is causing a Streisand effect in spades.
You can see the commotion continuing on this traffic tracking site, now holding fast at 50K Tweets a day:
http://topsy.com/analytics?q1=%23gamergate&via=Topsy
-=NikFromNYC=-, Ph.D. in carbon chemistry (Columbia/Harvard)
Hey dude, looks like someone hacked into your account. Maybe you need a stronger password.
Your trolling Debbie downer sarcastic sourpuss attitude perfectly illustrates *why* skeptics have so far failed to expose fraud beyond the already anti-science creationist conservative realm and Fox News. You lack media savvy and activist ability. Almost none of the readers here venture out in outreach to those younger demographics that are the last remaining demographic who can still be converted into skeptics. This is shameful pacifism and it disgusts me to no end.
[This reply is left up as an example of the “other demographics” out there. .mod]
Please explain your odd addendum to my post, mod. It’s not obvious why a troll is being encouraged here, someone suggesting my account was hacked in rude fashion as I sincerely post news of journalistic corruption in yet another counterculture
James Delingpole covers Gamergate in an interview today about half way through this interview with the man who exposed a secret journalist forum:
http://ricochet.com/podcasts/scottish-dependence-gamergate-exposed/
Ric Werme on Sept 20, 6:05 am made his comment because your post sounded somewhat like a wild-eyed rant. It is confusing and I, at least, am not quite understanding completely what you are trying to say. It sounds like something worthy of attention, and maybe following.
Hey Nik of NY, Don’t worry about the younger “demographic”. It’s true they get the brunt of academia’s climate propaganda. But thier parents’ demographic is fullof sceptics. I have taught my son this scepticism as have many commenters here. I presume that your relatively young (old enough for a PHd though.). Someone swayed you to scepticism.
I don’t disagree that communicating the sceptic viewpoint to youngsters is essential. I just wanted to say that it is being done.
Hey Nik of NY, Don’t worry about the younger “demographic”. It’s true they get the brunt of academia’s climate propaganda. But thier parents’ demographic is full of sceptics. I have taught my son this scepticism as have many commenters here. I presume that you’re relatively young (old enough for a PHd though.). Someone swayed you to scepticism.
I don’t disagree that communicating the sceptic viewpoint to youngsters is essential. I just wanted to say that it is being done.
Interesting, but OT. Lacks subtlety. Remember unity, coherence & emphasis from high school English?
Nick is right. The gaming community has rocked the Social Justice crowd back on its heels. I’m astonished at how strong and fierce their pushback has been. This community could learn a few things from them.
Could someone (Nik?)) write a more informative comment on this please?
The original comment was incomprehensible without an intro.
Might want to discuss a medication adjustment with your doctor. 🙂
Good report back Anthony. Well done with the one to one with John Cook too.
I agree with Anthony’s comments.
Cook tried to elicit from the audience their understanding of the physical basis of anthropogenic global warming and claimed to have received it from the answers given. However I do not recall the role of water vapour being mentioned from the platform or the floor and the slide he put up to show the answer implied that all the anthropogenic warming came from Carbon Dioxide only. If this were true there would be no significant warming. IPCC 1991 SPM says:
“The main greenhouse gas water vapour, will increase in response to global warming and further enhance it”
The entire AGW scare is based upon the assumption that a positive feedback mechanism exists where more warming produces more water vapour and that produces more warming etc. This mechanism, on which I could say more and the role of the atmosphere was not mentioned. ‘Pathetic’ was my overall impression.
I am glad that I did not have to pay for my ticket but was amply rewarded by the pleasure of meeting Anthony and so many good friends.
.
Yes, their scheme of a positive feedback from water vapor fails because water vapor is a stage in the cooling process of the oceans and the atmosphere both. This all-important aspect of our planet is ignored by the alarmists. Before the advent of the global warmers, there never was any confusion about the role of water in the climate. Now confusion reigns supreme.
They do appear to be stuck on radiative heat loss and Stefan Boltzmann, to the extent that water freezing and radiating latent heat, is disregarded as ‘it is radiating from a cold level’ as if the latent heat of fusion varies with the ambient temperature.
“What we must not do now is have an attack of the nicey nices with them. They’re in the killing jar, they’re finally seeing that now and are going to start desperately flinging olive branches in our direction. They’re moving into stage three, the bargaining phase of the death rattle of their belief system. Work any offer ruthlessly, but don’t even dream of meeting them on some fabled middle ground. That doesn’t exist.”
http://thepointman.wordpress.com/2013/04/19/the-difficult-kind/
Pointman
Hear hear
One forth skeptical audience, all utter pacifists. Disgusting! That’s not effective activism, it’s treating criminal frauds as real scientists!
The political left is particularly good at using the tactics that you propose for us and while I don’t disagree, I can tell you that “our side” is not comfortable with confrontation and disruption. There’s no denying the effectiveness however.
hmmmm. Nik, you make me wonder if your vitriol is a bit staged. Are you playing a part for the other side?
I liked this bit:
“Every time you deal with them, develop the habit of looking hard at them and thinking back a few years to when you were being routinely compared to a holocaust denier. That’ll get your head right.”
When you’re pounding the wooden stake through his heart, even Dracula plays nice. But you know what he’ll do if you stop.
Did any of the skeptics ask what it would take to falsify [$any_chicken_little_claim|fear-mongering]? I would ask this at every meeting.
Brock, you are out of your league here. Intelligent skeptics don’t need to ask that question. That you think it is important to ask speaks to your degree of knowledge. My advice. Listen more, comment less.
Impressive that you can divine such opinions, analysis & recommendations from Brock’s 10-15 word comment.
And, by the way, Brock’s question is perfectly legitimate. I was wondering the same thing until I realized my thoughts reflected badly on my IQ.
Pamela, my advice: comment less.
While the “consensus” is nowhere near as high as cook posits, it is still higher then available data seems to warrant. We have over 4 dozen papers trying to explain why it is not warming as predicted, and while this shows us the science is NOT settled, it also shows us that in most of these papers they ARE often still making the case co2s role is unchanged from earlier assessments, it is some other variable we got all wrong.
This is alarming. Where does this bias come from? what are the chances that when things do not go as we thought they would, that Im aware of no major names that simply reversed their stance, you know like following the data. I am sure there are several, but there must not be alot of these people. In reality Id think the FIRST thing you questions is the perceived role of co2, NOT every factor EXCEPT co2 is now in question. This is backwards. WHY??? Personal bias? agenda? rent seeking? what is it? Its definitely not objective unbiased science whatever it is.
“This is alarming. Where does this bias come from?”
The author of the Federalist article about Neil deGrasse Tyson has come up with a theory in the 2nd follow-on to his original piece. I think he’s hit the nail on the head wrt most believers:
http://thefederalist.com/2014/09/19/neil-degrasse-tyson-and-the-metaphysical-dilemma-of-the-left/
My impression is that the warmists are starting to give up and actually dont care any more as much about the whole issue (ie they are becoming skeptical too). As I said about 5 years ago here is that the climate per se will decide the issue ans that is what is in fact occurring. LOL
Eliza, my impression of those who call skeptics “stupid” and worse is that they will never switch sides, They’ll morph their statements, sure… but will never give up.
Remember, many of us are pretty sure that the ringleaders (not the rank and file, but the big names) are fully aware that their whole premise is flawed, faked, fabricated, whatever. They’re not going to abandon their gravy train just because of 17 year 11 months.
Actually, people who are activists like being activists. Paul in the Bible led persecutions of early Christians before he became an evangelist. Some of the same people who sounded the alarm for warming starting out with cooling, then nuclear winter, then the ozone followed by warming. I predict that if it cools off 0.2 C over the next 15 years as some are predicting, the warming evangelists will simply hop on the train going in the opposite direction.
I don’t think the video is satirizing the 97%, but simply intended to ridicule skeptics. Is that what you meant?
That was my take also.
“Why listen to the nonscientific 3% when the scientific 97% say the science is settled?”, seemed to be the message.
Marvelous little unintended irony there by John Oliver. His skeptic says ‘well, I don’t think the science is in’.
See Steve Koonin in the WSJ writing that the science is not settled. This guy worked for Stephen Chu in Obama’s energy administration and for BP Renewables.
====================
Also, wonderfully, Koonin is chairman of the American Physical Society’s committee reviewing the organization’s climate science statement. Change is afoot.
===========================
No mention of the talk or his pub crawl yet on SkS. He’s an aussie, I assume there was a pub crawl. However, we’re up to 2,143,274,856 Hiroshima atomic bombs of heat. It seems we can handle a few more.
Actually I am disappointed, it’s important for the world that climate policy be decided on proper evidence & reason, not alarmist dogma so I think those skeptics there let the world down. We know from our own analyses how completely flawed Cook’s belief system is * so you should have been able to pin him down with appropriate questions. It’s no use trying to make questions up on the spot which turn into long rambles, rather build an armoury of simple clear questions well beforehand and then use then appropriately.
* Typically the dramagreens are trapped in a religion justified by the logical fallacy of argument of authority, reinforced by cherrypicking confirmation bias, and the fallacy of failing to say say “I don’t know” ie being certain when they have no evidence. They have not checked the evidence and logic properly and are so vulnerable when you hold them to account, but allow them to wiggle away and they will.
I would love to see a live, polite, rule-based debate between panelists from the two sides, WITH the addition of some top-notch debate adjudicators that would score the outcome.
Enjoy your stay, Anthony. Looking forward to your report from the Mann presentation.
Mann will be in good spirits after his highly successful #AskDrMann twitter adventure
“I took photos of every slide that Mr. Cook put up last night and I thought about repeating a number of them here but there really is no point since we’ve seen all of them before, having drawn them from his skeptical science website and from his publications.”
Perhaps, but in my opinion the mischaracterization of the skeptical position should be corrected at every opportunity.
We do not deny that we’ve been warming since the end of the LIA.
We do not deny that an atmospheric effect known as the Green House Effect exists.
We do not deny that CO2 is one of the contributory Green House Gasses.
We do not deny that an increase in atmospheric CO2 will have a warming effect on the atmosphere.
We do not deny that human CO2 emissions add to the overall level of atmospheric CO2.
We do question whether the effect of additional atmospheric CO2 reaches the level of concern portrayed in the UN’s IPCC reports.
For the most part, we agree with the following statement:
“There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gases is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth’s atmosphere and disruption of the Earth’s climate. Moreover, there is substantial scientific evidence that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth.” (Oregon Petition Project)
I strongly believe we should not allow the CAGW supporting folks to define our position.
“I strongly believe we should not allow the CAGW supporting folks to define our position.”
Sadly that is what you just did, appeasers merely hasten defeat. For example our position shouldn’t be; “We do not deny that we’ve been warming since the end of the LIA.”
Our position should be; There has been no warming for 17 years.
It shouldn’t be; “We do not deny that an atmospheric effect known as the Green House Effect exists.”
It should be; The ocean and water vapor is responsible for 99% of the Green House Effect.
Can you see the difference? Your concessions are unnecessary.
I understand your position.
However, for example, the statement: ““We do not deny that we’ve been warming since the end of the LIA” is correcting their view of what they say is our position. Not so much for us or for the CAGW folks, but for the general population who are being duped by the CAGW folks..
Please note that although I do not believe we should let the CAGW supporting folks define our position, this does not mean that we shouldn’t better proclaim our stance. That is why I also showed the Oregon Petition Project statement which I believe in general summarizes the stance of most “climate change” skeptics. .
You use the word “we” a lot, but you are not talking for me or many other people here on WUWT. There isn’t one monolithic skeptical viewpoint, some of us have doubts about some aspects of AGW and not others, and some of us question other aspects.
Perhaps, Tom, that is one of the problems “we” have: “we” have no agreed upon position. Therefore, “we” don’t appear to be a unified group, except in the eyes of much of the CAGW crowd, and then what unifies “us” is that we appear to deny something.
Of my “we don’t deny…” statements, above, which do you have disagreement? Perhaps “we” could restate it (them) to be more skeptic generic?
In any case, I will still stand behind my statement that non-CAGW believers should not let CAGW believers define our position.
I would propose appending “Other than adhering to the scientific methodology and the primacy of actual data…” to the beginning of your second sentence.
Oops – my comment was targeted at Tomtrevor
“With a much reduced group we later went to a second pub of which I cannot recall the name.”
Fake quote from third party: “Still fewer attended a third pub, but this morning none of them remembered going there at all.”
Actually, you sound amazingly “with it” after such a celebration. Very interesting report.
John Cook got to sit by and chat with a real life hero Anthony Watts.
That is Cooks real goal.. to be accepted by those who are more famous, credible.
Subconsciously he recognizes the real hero, and it is not M Mann.
My impression, apart from agreeing with what Anthony and others said about the presentation, was that whilst the sceptic questions were very good, Cook’s slick technique was to say to each one words to the effect of ‘that’s a very good question’ – and then go on to give, like a good pollie, the answer to the question he would have preferred had been asked, so in effect, answered nothing satisfactorily, while giving the impression to those not in the know that he had.
The other thing that was very noticeable was at the end, there was a queue waiting to meet Anthony, while Cook and Lewandowsky were ignored on the whole. Anthony was indisputably the star of the evening, despite not having uttered a single (public) comment.
“Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected.”
― Sun Tzu
Caroline, that exactly what all politicians do. Talking points.
Rud Istvan, the technique is taught by public relations consultants to anybody who may need to give talks or press interviews to handle a controversy.
I was trained in it, we attended lectures, were given exercises to play, and they recorded videos to show us our mistakes. One of the most important points is to take an answer, congratulate the person who asked it and then give a canned statement, which doesn’t have address the question even remotely.
Hi Caroline, it was nice meeting you. Plus one to all of your comment as well.
Hi Caroline
Despite John Cook evading the main thrust of the questions, there were two things he acknowledged about the survey. First is that it was detecting belief in the weakest form of global warming hypothesis, including those who believe in a very weak effect that could explain 10% of the warming in the last 200 years. Second (in answer to the question on Katabasis) we know that not all the papers were written by climate scientists or even scientists. They could have written by sociologists, opinion pollsters, geographers, botanists, or political scientists. So it is entirely misleading to say it is a study of expert opinion. More accurately, in a subject that demands belief in the truth of the underlying hypothesis and relating tangential research to “climate change” is a way to get funding, it is a demonstration of how much profession of belief in climate has polluted normal scientific discourse.
Nice to hear that a good proportion of skeptics were in attendance. It would certainly have been of interest to see how those in attendance were funded. I would bet very few, if any, skeptics were in attendace from government funds or business sponsorship. Skeptics represent the antithesis of the remainder of the crowd on hand, if you will, as the remainder’s existence is primarily a monetary one.
One must be wary of the Chameleon, as it changes it’s color to decieve the adversary!
Safe travels!
Ed
I summarize my position quite simply: We are in an interglacial period during which the earth continues to warm until it doesnt; then it freezes again.
Yes, and as an old saying goes, “It’s always warmest just before it gets colder”.
Except with Pleistocene interglacials it works the other way round. It’s always coldest just before it gets warmer. The cold ends quickly and rises to a peak. The warmth falls slowly, with a few ups and downs, until finally succumbing to the next deep freeze and ice max for the next 100,000 years or so.
http://www.ces.fau.edu/nasa/images/module_3/Interglacials-700×244.gif
The Holocene has followed the pattern to a ‘T’, except for the Younger Dryas temporary refreeze. The Holocene climate optimum ended 8000 years ago! It’s been steadily downhill temperature-wise ever since, with a few warming bumps along the way.
http://www.iceagenow.com/GISP2%20Ice%20Core.jpg
We can reasonably expect the current warming to peter out soon, if it’s not doing so already, to be following by a cold period. Since the LIA got pretty close to Younger Dryas temperatures, my guess would be the next bit of cold will equal or be lower than YD. That might end the Holocene, or might give way to another, and possibly final ‘last gasp’ of a warming bump before the end. The next cold period will be brutal one way or the other.
I attended this talk as a non-expert “believer” in AGW. My position mostly arises from being science-minded skeptic (in the untarnished sense). I have a good understanding of the scientific process/establishment (both its strengths and weaknesses), combined with an understanding politics, economics, ideology and psychology etc. that makes the world tick.
From the materials I’ve read over a few years (from both sides) I’ve found myself persuaded that the “basic science” is settled i.e. the climate is warming and we are largely responsible. So much so that’s I’ve lost interest in that area somewhat.
Back to the talk: What I got from it was that it’s ^this message (the message on “basic science”) which is still muddled in the public’s minds. Didn’t seem that controversial, given the history we have with trying to get the public to understand all sorts of complex issues over the decades (smoking, vaccinations etc)
I was very surprised at the end of the talk then, to find the majority of audience questions coming from staunch opponents to the thesis that Cook was putting forward! As I have since found out it there were a lot of WUWT readers in attendance ready to ask challenging questions 🙂
As usual in these types of confrontations (where “tribes” seemed wilful to misinterpret) it seems half the questions missed the point, and half the answers avoided the questions :-/ Cook himself mostly handled the questions without panic or aggression which I believe is the right approach. I think he himself said he thought taking on difficult questions but remaining civil was best for everybody. Not that he rebutted them to the extent I would have liked but.
After the Q&A I listened-in to an brief debate between a couple of skeptics and non-skeptics. Given how prepared, passionate and knowledgeable the skeptics seemed I was impressed and surprised to find one of non-skeptics to be equally so (a relief). Sadly we were ushered out of the room before the debate could make much headway.
I had a brief chat with a few of the skeptics and they all seemed like perfectly nice blokes (if a little too eager to exposes the history injustices against their cause!), and although I didn’t have much time it struck me very quickly that all sides seemed to agree on the “basic science” question. (Yet given that, I’m still confused why they come across as seeming so keen still to “prove the [basic] science wrong”?? Supposedly I was told that’s only a fringe group… but then squabbling soon return to whether its 0.3 or 0.15 degrees. I’m sure 6 or 7 years ago they were arguing over whether it was positive or negative…hmmm).
The real disagreements then seemed to come down to risk and policy…which I think are perfectly justified areas of debate (And often areas where science cannot give answers). I’m personally not aware or convinced that higher temperatures are bad. I can see there being potential upsides and downsides to climate change. And there are always costs in taking both action and inaction. I’ve not read the risk assessments but I can imagine this stuff is very difficult to assess so I can seem room for ideology to creeps in. Again I generally am in favour of low carbon as it has lots of other benefits (I like efficiency and don’t like smog) but then building solar farms in drizzly Cornwall doesn’t seem that smart to me either…. but disagreeing on this stuff doesn’t make one side “idiots” or not! There are genuinely justifiable yet alternative positions sensible people can hold on this stuff.
Like Anthony Watts says, I think the humanizing effect of face-to-face communication is vitally important and I’m glad that was able to happen last night and I hope it continues.
I appreciate your impression. Perhaps if they go over to Channings Good House again you should tag along.
“I’m personally not aware or convinced that higher temperatures are bad”
Which makes you a skeptic. The debate has never been about whether, all other things being equal, there wouldn’t be some warming effect, but *how much* (hence the sign and magnitude of climate sensitivity are the critical parameters to pin down, and haven’t been pinned down after decades, though at last bounds seem to be narrowing a little, towards likelihood of a low positive figure), and how damaging. Recall that the strongest uniting factor of the Consensus is that the warming effect will be calamitous, which message the media pours out and to which end trillions are being spent on carbon dioxide reduction (and despite still a broad range of possible climate sensitivity). And while skepticism is a broad church, their strongest uniting factor is that calamity is highly unlikely. In this context, you appear not to be in the ‘tribe’ of Cook or the Consensus.
Jack
Thanks for your views. You need not present yourself as a skeptic if indeed you are not. A skeptic does not represent the globe as warming but instead notes the lack thereof for the last 15-20 years, depending on the data source. Those who insist that the globe is still warming reveal themselves as rigid doctrinarians..And Jack, the “basic science” is indeed wrong because the supposed positive feedback of water vapor is nonsense as shown both theoretically and empirically.
And Jack, skeptics do not demonize CO2. The truth is that there has never been any warming that can be attributed to that gas, in a demonstrable sense.
Jack – I had hopes of being there myself, but diary clashes got in the way. Your account of the evening seems very fair. John was saying to me earlier that he had a pleasant chat with Anthony and was glad of that – we’re all humans, after all – and I think better dialogue may come from such encounters. I think most of us realise that “business as usual” is unrealistic in the long term – things have never through history been frozen in time and why should right now be any different? We can invent our way out of this situation, as we have always done, because we are an amazingly innovative species. Our best bet is to recognise that we have a challenge here and, in the spirit of Mankind, roll up our sleeves and tackle it. We all know that the fossil fuels are not infinite in their abundance so this transition will have to occur in the coming decades in any case. Let’s start talking about the best way to do it.
Question. What does carbon dioxide have to do with smog? You might be confusing hydrocarbon with carbon dioxide. The former contributes to smog, the latter does not.
Zilch as far as I can see, Pamela. Smog being particulate pollution – different thing altogether. Though of course inefficient combustion of fossil fuels causes a stack of smog – if you’re gonna burn the stuff at all, burn it efficiently. Waste of money otherwise, apart from anything else.
Thx, Pamela for clearing the views:
They’re strategie’s CO2, they’re hapless tactics is pollution.
____
Pamela Gray on September
20, 2014 at 10:55 am
Question. What does
carbon dioxide have to do
with smog? You might be
confusing hydrocarbon
with carbon dioxide. The
former contributes to
smog, the latter does not.
Reply
John Mason on September
20, 2014 at 11:30 am
Zilch as far as I can see,
Pamela. Smog being
particulate pollution –
different thing altogether.
____
We don’t get fooled again – bringing that John Masons to light.
Hans
Jack –
“From the materials I’ve read over a few years (from both sides) I’ve found myself persuaded that the “basic science” is settled i.e. the climate is warming and we are largely responsible.
The “basic science” regarding “the climate is warming” is, indeed, settled (although the amount of the warming may not be known)..
The “basic science” regarding “we are largely responsible” is far from settled. It ranges from human contribution is “largely responsible” to “possibly not detectible”.
If one reads, over a few years, the material from both sides, then I believe one of the most important questions one would have to ask is,
“Why do the CAGW supporting folks feel the need to misrepresent data, use deliberately misleading statements, and resort to virtually all of the logical fallacies when presenting themselves?
Most, if not all, of the skeptics are true “science skeptics” and are willing to accept what the evidence shows. At this point, there is no conclusive evidence that anthropogenic CO2 emissions are having an observable effect on the earth’s atmosphere. Most skeptics do agree that there should be some warming, but we are not able to determine the amount, other than theoretical. The minutiae bikering you may over hear between skeptics is what real scientists do – discuss the “fine tuning” until they get it right or determine that they are on the wrong track.
Saying we are largely responsible for warming, when the warming of recent times is not unusual and for the last 15 plus years appears to have stalled, paused, stopped, not continued, etc. is difficult to justify.
Jack, there’s a very good link between higher temperature and sea level rise (simply because water “swells” a teensy amount as it warms). A higher sea level will definitely be a hassle for those who own waterfront property. I’m on the record explaining the fossil fuels are being depleted and eventually their price will be so high humanity will just turn to use something else.
So the question seems to be what’s the climate sensitivity to greenhouse gases and whether the temperature increase will cause x y or z harm before we stop emissions because market forces drove us to use something else.
This of course assumes we will have market forces at work and managed to stop the watermelon party. That may be the €64000 question.
Jack, you failed to answer that question, what does CO2 has to do with smog? This is a completely valid point that I found is frequently misunderstood by fence-sitters.
Smog consists of:
– Ozone (O3) * (formed from the photochemical reaction of Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) + Hydrocarbons)
– Particulate matter (PM-10) *
– Sulfur dioxide (SO2) *
CO2 has nothing to do with smog.