Open thread weekend

By all means don’t burn out. Love your sea stories.

I have a basic question that I have not seen answered: If we have fully recovered from the Little Ice Age, when did that happen and how do we know?
Thanks,
Mark

Take it easy today. Somehow I think tomorrow may be a busy day.

Has any one seen this? Solar Roads – http://www.solarroadways.com/intro.shtml
Now to me, the idea sounds insane. They talk about the road having heating elements to melt the snow in the winter, but to me that’s guaranteed to make the system a net electricity drain (if the sun doesn’t have enough energy to keep an area above freezing, then solar panelts at 20% efficiency will have absolutely no chance). Am I wrong? Thoughts?

The science of climate is irrelevant to the general public. Obummer is about to learn what happens when you push an agenda that hits Americans in the pocketbook, though.
Unfortunately, the liberal leader in Canada has taken to mimicking the current U.S. president. Fortunately, a lot of Canadians are aware. Just not the LIV’s (Low Information Voters).

I mentioned this in an earlier post and message to Anthony:
EPA Inspector Gene4ral’s Report
Report No. 14-P-0270
(mea culpa) I erroreously previously cited the report as No, 14-P-4270. Here is the report. Note the reference to the possibility of FRAUDULENT (not “erroneous”! not even “false”!) information behind the EPA’s calculations when devising its proposed policies. The case in question has to do with lab results – but the concerns would seem to apply to ANY information used by the EPA.
The original report can be found at the EPA Inspector General’s office website.
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
EPA Has Not Implemented Adequate Management Procedures to Address Potential Fraudulent Environmental Data
Report No. 14-P-0270 May 29, 2014
Scan this mobile code to learn more about the EPA OIG.
Report Contributors:
Laurie Adams Jerri Dorsey Jeffrey Harris Jee W. Kim Calvin Lin Denton Stafford
Patricia Brooks Taylor
Abbreviations
CIO Chief Information Officer
CLP Contract Laboratory Program
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
OCEFT Office of Criminal Enforcement, Forensics and Training OECA Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
OEI Office of Environmental Information
OI Office of Investigations
OIG Office of Inspector General
OSWER Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Cover photo: EPA photo of a laboratory.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Inspector General
At a Glance
14-P-0270 May 29, 2014
Why We Did This Review
The purpose of this review was to determine the use of procedures by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), other federal agencies and states to manage the communication of and appropriate action on laboratory data determined to be fraudulent. We refer to this as a due diligence process.
The EPA relies on external laboratories to provide environmental testing data and results. Intentionally falsified or fraudulent data can impact the public’s trust in the EPA and could have serious implications for protecting human health and the environment from hazardous or toxic substances.
The report addresses the following EPA goals or cross-cutting strategies:
• Cleaning up communities and advancing sustainable development.
• Addressing climate change and improving air quality.
• Protecting America’s waters.
EPA Has Not Implemented Adequate Management Procedures to Address Potential Fraudulent Environmental Data
The EPA lacks a due diligence process for potential fraudulent environmental data. The agency has three policies and procedures that address how to respond to instances of fraudulent data, but they are all out of date or unimplemented. Our survey of EPA regional offices disclosed that a majority of respondents were unaware there was a
policy, and approximately 50 percent expressed the need for such policies and procedures. The EPA plans to issue revised policy by fiscal year 2017. Until then, unimplemented and out-of-date policies and procedures—and lack of EPA staff awareness of those policies that do exist—create risk that EPA staff will fail to properly communicate the information regarding fraudulent data to appropriate program offices and data users; review and analyze the data for potential impacts to human health and the environment; or review and amend, if possible, past environmental decisions that were based on fraudulent data. According to staff of the federal agencies and states we contacted in this evaluation, they also do not have formal, written due diligence processes.
Further, the EPA does not consistently notify the states when laboratory due diligence activities can begin during or following a fraud investigation that affects state environmental programs. The agency does not have a policy on communicating case information with the states and other regulating parties during investigations, due to the sensitive nature of investigations which could be jeopardized, and because rights of innocents could be threatened and suspects could be unfairly maligned in an ongoing fraud investigation. As a result, laboratory fraud cases may not include a due diligence review. In such cases, potentially negative impacts to human health and the environment due to fraudulent lab data could go undetected.
For further information, contact our public affairs office at (202) 566-2391.
The full report is at: http://www.epa.gov/oig/reports/2014/ 20140529-14-P-0270.pdf
We recommend that the agency incorporate a process to respond to instances of fraudulent data into its current policy until the revised policy is issued. We also recommend that the agency state the details of a laboratory fraud due diligence process in its new policy. Further, we recommend that the agency develop guidelines outlining the response when fraudulent laboratory data is discovered in ongoing criminal investigations. We recommend training on laboratory fraud due diligence processes and procedures for all relevant staff. The EPA agreed with our recommendations and we agreed with the EPA’s proposed corrective actions.
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
May 29, 2014
MEMORANDUM
SUBJECT: EPA Has Not Implemented Adequate Management Procedures to Address Potential Fraudulent Environmental Data
Report No. 14-P-0270
FROM: Arthur A. Elkins Jr.
TO: Renee P. Wynn, Acting Assistant Administrator and Chief Information Officer Office of Environmental Information
Cynthia Giles, Assistant Administrator
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
Mathy Stanislaus, Assistant Administrator Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
This is a report on the subject evaluation conducted by the Office of Inspector General (OIG) of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This report contains findings that describe the problems the OIG has identified and corrective actions the OIG recommends. This report represents the opinion of the OIG and does not necessarily represent the final EPA position. Final determinations on matters in this report will be made by EPA managers in accordance with established audit resolution procedures.
The EPA offices having primary responsibility for the issues evaluated in this report are the Office of Environmental Informations’ Quality Staff office; the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance’s Office of Criminal Enforcement, Forensics, and Training; and the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response’s Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation.
Action Required
You are not required to provide a written response to this final report because you provided agreed-to corrective actions and planned completion dates for the report recommendations. The OIG may make periodic inquiries on your progress in implementing these corrective actions. Should you choose to provide a final response, we will post your response on the OIG’s public website, along with our memorandum commenting on your response. You should provide your response as an Adobe PDF file that complies with the accessibility requirements of Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended.
We will post this report to our website at http://www.epa.gov/oig.
If you or your staff have any questions regarding this report, please contact Carolyn Copper, Assistant Inspector General for Program Evaluation, at (202) 566-0829 or copper.carolyn@epa.gov; or Jeffrey Harris, Director for Toxics, Chemical Management, and Pollution Prevention Evaluations, at (202) 566-0831 or harris.jeffrey@epa.gov.
EPA Has Not Implemented Adequate Management 14-P-0270 Procedures to Address Potential Fraudulent Environmental Data
Table of Contents
Purpose………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
Background ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
Responsible Offices…………………………………………………………………………………….. 2
Prior Reports ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
Scope and Methodology ………………………………………………………………………………. 3
Results of Review ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 4
EPA’s Existing Laboratory Fraud Due Diligence Policies or
Guidance Are Outdated or Unimplemented ………………………………………. 4
EPA Lacks Policy for Notifying the States When Due Diligence
Can Begin as a Result of Laboratory Fraud Investigations…………………… 6
Conclusions………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Recommendations ………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
Agency Comments and OIG Evaluation ………………………………………………………… 8
Status of Recommendations and Potential Monetary Benefits ……………………….. 9
A
Agency Response to Draft Report and OIG Comment……………………………..
10
B Distribution …………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Purpose
The purpose of this report was to determine the use of procedures by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), other federal agencies and states to manage the communication of and appropriate action on laboratory data determined to be fraudulent.
Background
The EPA relies on external laboratories to provide environmental testing data and results. Fraudulent practices in environmental testing laboratories can have serious consequences. For example, Intertek Testing Services was fined $9 million for falsifying test results of environmental tests. Intertek conducted environmental sample analysis, primarily as a subcontractor, for environmental consulting firms and federal, state and local governments nationwide. The tests were used for decision making at Superfund and hazardous waste sites to determine site safety and to monitor the migration of hazardous wastes, including cancer-causing petrochemicals. Intertek billed for $35.7 million in tests between 1994 and 1997. During that time, the laboratory handled as many as 250,000 environmental samples from 59,000 polluted sites across the country. Falsifying test results related to potential routes of human exposure can create risk of serious medical problems, including increased risk of cancer.
The EPA defines laboratory fraud as “the deliberate falsification of analytical and quality assurance results.” A number of laboratory practices may constitute fraud, including:
• Fabricating data.
• Intentionally calibrating equipment using other than accepted procedures.
• Modifying samples to alter characteristics.
• Manipulating analytical results.
• Substituting samples, files or data.
The consequences and impacts of fraudulent data for the EPA can include:
(1) a decline in public confidence in the EPA, (2) consumption of the EPA’s limited government resources by revisiting decisions made based on fraudulent data and determining appropriate corrective action, and (3) delays in executing response actions or cleanups while laboratory data is reviewed. From an environmental and human health protection perspective, the most serious consequence of laboratory fraud is the possibility that false negatives were reported. A false negative occurs when a laboratory reports that certain potentially hazardous compounds were not present when they were present.
Responsible Offices
The EPA’s Office of Environmental Information (OEI) manages the agency’s Quality Management Program. This is the EPA program to ensure quality data and provide management controls to guard against the use of poor or low quality data in EPA decisions. This program develops agencywide policies, procedures and tools for quality-related activities involving the collection and use of environmental information. OEI also oversees the implementation of quality systems by the agency.
The two organizations responsible for investigating laboratory fraud cases within the EPA are the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance’s (OECA’s) Office of Criminal Enforcement, Forensics, and Training (OCEFT) and the Office of Inspector General’s (OIG’s) Office of Investigations (OI).1 OCEFT investigates criminal violations of the EPA’s pollution control requirements. OIG Special Agents conduct investigations of allegations of fraud, waste and abuse by EPA employees or recipients of federal funds or other benefits related to the EPA’s programs.
The EPA’s Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER), through its Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation, manages and supports the Contract Laboratory Program (CLP). The CLP is a national network of EPA personnel, commercial laboratories and support contractors whose fundamental mission is to provide data of known and documented quality. The CLP supports the EPA’s Superfund program.
Prior Reports
EPA OIG Report No. 2006-P-00036, Promising Techniques Identified to Improve Drinking Water Laboratory Integrity and Reduce Public Health Risks, issued September 21, 2006, found that in situations where inappropriate or fraudulent procedures were detected, the EPA lacked standardized methods and guidance on how the affected data would be handled. The report concluded that while OEI had developed training to deter and detect improper laboratory practices, fraud detection and reporting were outside the scope of the existing Quality System Policy. The report recommended that OEI develop agencywide policy on how data originating from laboratories under investigation, indictment and/or conviction would be handled. The agency agreed with our recommendation and issued the Chief Information Officer (CIO) 2106 Quality Policy and Procedure2 in 2008.
1 A Memorandum of Understanding was signed in 2006 by OECA and OIG which identifies and defines each office’s respective areas of investigative responsibilities.
2 OEI issued CIO 2106.0, Quality Policy, and its supporting CIO 2106-P-01.0, Procedure for Quality Policy.
Scope and Methodology
We performed our evaluation from August 2012 to February 2014 in accordance with generally accepted government auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the evaluation to obtain sufficient and appropriate evidence. Further, this evidence must provide a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions. The evidence obtained during this evaluation provides a reasonable basis for our findings and conclusions based upon our objective.
To address our objective, we reviewed and analyzed relevant agency policy, procedure and guidance documents. We interviewed program directors and staff from OEI; OCEFT; OSWER; and the OIG’s OI. We also interviewed former members of OECA’s laboratory fraud workgroup and a retired OEI Director.
Further, we interviewed quality control managers from EPA Regions 2, 9 and 10.
We reviewed laboratory fraud cases from both the OIG’s OI and OECA’s OCEFT. We selected a sample of OCEFT and OI cases closed during the last 5 years that involved laboratories and data associated with EPA programs delegated to the states and a municipality. For each case, we reviewed the investigative documentation provided by OCEFT and OI and then interviewed related individuals to obtain insight into any follow-up actions associated with the case.
The states we contacted in the case reviews included Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Michigan, Oregon, and Washington. We also contacted the municipality of New York City.
We surveyed all 10 EPA regions to request information on any follow-up or due diligence activities the offices take upon discovering fraudulent laboratory data. Where needed, we conducted follow-up interviews based on survey responses.
For comparative purposes and possible best practices, we also reviewed guidance, policies and procedures used by other federal agencies for any follow-up or due diligence activities the agencies take upon discovering fraudulent laboratory data. We interviewed staff from the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration;
U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development; and the U.S. Department of Defense’ Army Corps of Engineers, Naval Sea Systems Command and Air Force Civil Engineer Center.
Throughout this report we refer to the laboratory fraud due diligence process. For the purposes of this evaluation, we define a laboratory fraud due diligence process as including all of the following elements: (1) the communication of laboratory fraud information between enforcement and program offices and data users, (2) the review and/or assessment of fraudulent laboratory data to determine its impact on human health and the environment, and (3) the review and/or amendment of past environmental decisions predicated on fraudulent laboratory data.
Results of Review
The EPA lacks a due diligence process for potential fraudulent environmental data. Although the EPA has three instruments that address how to respond to instances of fraudulent data,3 each instrument is out of date or unimplemented. Our survey of EPA regional staff on their knowledge and use of the EPA’s fraudulent data policies and procedures found that a majority of respondents were unaware there was a policy, and approximately 50 percent expressed the need for such policies and procedures. The EPA plans to issue revised policy by fiscal year 2017. Until then, unimplemented and out-of-date policies and guidance—as well as a lack of EPA staff awareness of those policies that do exist—create risk that EPA staff will fail to communicate the information regarding fraudulent data to appropriate program offices and data users; review and analyze the data for potential impacts to human health and the environment; or review and amend, if necessary, past environmental decisions that were based on fraudulent data.
The federal agencies and states we contacted in this evaluation also do not have formal due diligence processes, according to their representative staff. Most of the federal agencies and states we contacted described quality assurance programs; however, the agencies and states did not have written policies or procedures for due diligence after the determination of fraudulent laboratory data. The states generally conducted laboratory fraud due diligence using a case-by-case (ad-hoc) approach.
Further, the EPA does not consistently notify states when laboratory due diligence activities can begin during or following a fraud investigation that affects state environmental programs. The agency does not have a policy on communicating case information with the states and other regulating parties during investigations, due to the sensitive nature of investigations which could be jeopardized, and because rights of innocents could be threatened, and suspects could be unfairly maligned in an ongoing fraud investigation. As a result, laboratory fraud cases may not include a due diligence review. In such cases, potentially negative impacts to human health and the environment due to fraudulent lab data could go undetected.
EPA’s Existing Laboratory Fraud Due Diligence Policies or Guidance Are Outdated or Unimplemented
The EPA has not fully implemented existing laboratory fraud due diligence policies for programs in which the EPA has oversight responsibility, as well as for programs delegated to the states. As such, the EPA cannot ensure that the following are undertaken: (1) the communication of laboratory fraud information among enforcement and program offices and to data users, (2) the review and/or assessment of fraudulent laboratory data to determine its impact on human health
3 OSWER Contract Laboratory Program’s Roles and Responsibilities Guidance Document (2007); OEI’s Procedure for Quality Policy (2008); and the OECA OCEFT’s Laboratory Fraud Workgroup Report (2002).
and the environment, and (3) the review and/or amendment of past environmental decisions predicated on fraudulent laboratory data.
EPA Contract Laboratory Program’s Due Diligence Process Outdated
The CLP’s4 due diligence directive Roles and Responsibilities Guidance Document is outdated, according to the CLP branch chief. This guidance provides details regarding reporting requirements for any suspicion of fraud, waste or abuse involving a CLP laboratory, as well as actions to be taken by CLP staff during an OIG lab fraud investigation. For example, when a CLP lab is suspected of fraud, OSWER CLP staff should be notified. OSWER’s CLP then notifies relevant parties, stops sample shipments and/or conducts additional audits as appropriate. OSWER is in the process of revising this guidance because it does not accurately reflect current business processes, such as the computer automation of reports and compliance checks. In addition, these revisions will help the document to be more streamlined, readable and user friendly.
OEI’s Quality Procedure for Questionable Data Never Implemented
The agency issued CIO 2106—its Quality Policy and Procedure—in 2008. CIO 2106 applies to all EPA programs. CIO 2106 establishes a required response/notification process5 when the agency has data quality concerns, including fraudulent laboratory data. This process includes notification to senior agency officials6 and use of program or regional office procedures to conduct management reviews of quality issues.
OEI’s Director for Quality Staff stated the agency did not fully implement CIO 2106. Rather, current OEI management encourages the use of the 2000 CIO 2105.0 Quality Policy and Procedure (referred to here as CIO 2105).
However, the CIO 2105 quality documents do not describe the notification/follow-up process detailed in the CIO 2106 Quality Policy and Procedure. OEI plans to revise CIO 2106 to incorporate portions of CIO Policy 2105 and issue the revised CIO Policy by fiscal year 2017. As a result, the EPA currently has no final or interim agencywide follow-up procedures to address fraudulent laboratory data.
4 The CLP supports the EPA’s Superfund program, created under the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and amended by the 1986 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act.
5 The notification process was included in response to the 2006 OIG report, 2006-P-00036, which recommended a need for agency policy to address fraudulent data.
6 This notification should include a description of the issue or problem, the name of the entity that produced the product, and timeframe of when the product was received by the agency. This procedure further requires each program or regional office to have procedures to review products to determine (1) the extent of any potential impact to the agency should the product be used, and (2) any remediation steps to be taken to address concerns raised with the continued use of the product.
OECA’s Laboratory Fraud Workgroup’s Due Diligence Process Not Developed into Policy or Guidance
In 2001, OCEFT issued a laboratory fraud workgroup report acknowledging an increasing trend of laboratory fraud cases at that time. The workgroup7 evaluated the extent of laboratory fraud in environmental regulatory programs and made recommendations to improve internal EPA controls to detect fraud in laboratories performing analysis for the agency. The report detailed a laboratory fraud due diligence process, to include: (1) the creation of coordinating committees composed of OECA and program office staff to identify impacted EPA regions and to share information about fraudulent data, and (2) the regional program office roles in reviewing data for health and safety issues and communicating such information to all impacted parties.
The workgroup report and the due diligence process was issued as a “practical resource” but was not developed into official policy or guidance.
EPA Lacks Policy for Notifying the States When Due Diligence Can Begin as a Result of Laboratory Fraud Investigations
We reviewed eight state laboratory fraud cases8 and found that the EPA did not consistently notify the states when laboratory fraud due diligence could be initiated when an investigation is either underway or completed. The agency lacks policy on communicating case information with the states and other regulating parties during investigations. Due to the sensitive nature of OECA OCEFT and OIG OI investigations, one of the states that we interviewed waits for a “green light” from the enforcement offices to conduct follow-up or due diligence work. Another state took immediate action. One other state reported that it was not notified of the investigation by the enforcement offices. OCEFT staff stated that with ongoing investigations, OCEFT does not alert relevant regulating parties of case-related information. This is because the investigation could be jeopardized, the constitutional rights of innocents could be threatened, and suspects could be unfairly maligned before there is proof of illegal activity. When cases are closed, OCEFT does not communicate directly to regulating officials for follow-up purposes and relies on publicizing case results to alert regulators.
There is potential for laboratory fraud cases to not include a due diligence review. If states/municipalities received no response from the enforcement offices, they may not be conducting laboratory fraud due diligence efforts. In these cases, potentially negative consequences for human health and environmental protection may be not be communicated or addressed.
7For this effort, OCEFT assembled a workgroup comprised of forensic scientists, criminal and civil investigators, and attorneys from both the EPA and the U.S. Department of Justice.
8 Four cases involved drinking or waste water programs, one case involved asbestos, one case involved air pollution, one case involved lead paint, and one case involved soil testing.
Conclusions
The EPA has not fully implemented its existing policy and guidance on laboratory fraud due diligence and most regional officials surveyed were unaware there was a policy. Other existing guidance is out of date. In our opinion, the EPA has weak management controls for identifying parties responsible for responding to occurrences of fraudulent laboratory data and cannot ensure that due diligence efforts are taking place. The EPA took important steps more than a decade ago to address this by issuing its 2001 laboratory fraud workgroup report and, more recently, with its 2007 CLP guidance and 2008 Quality Policy and Procedure.
However, no due diligence policy was created from the workgroup report, the CLP guidance section on this issue needs updating, and the quality policy has not been implemented. Given the EPA’s reliance on laboratory data and the potential human health and environmental impacts of fraudulent data going unaddressed, the EPA should take steps to strengthen program controls and processes.
Recommendations
We recommend that the Assistant Administrator for Environmental Information:
1. Incorporate a “Notification Process” similar to that found in CIO Procedure 2106 into CIO Procedure 2105 until the revised CIO Policy 2106 is reissued.
2. Include in the revised CIO Procedure 2106 specific due diligence steps for laboratory fraud that provide procedural details on communication and coordination efforts between program and enforcement staff, review and analysis of data for any impacts to human health and the environment, communication of any impact information to data users, and amendment of past environmental decisions impacted by fraudulent data.
3. Provide training on the “Notification Process” and the revised CIO Procedure 2106 to the EPA staff working with laboratory data.
We recommend that the Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance:
4. Develop guidelines outlining response steps when fraudulent laboratory data is discovered in ongoing criminal investigations.
We recommend that the Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response:
5. Update the CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document.
6. Provide training to CLP staff on the updated CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document.
Agency Comments and OIG Evaluation
The agency concurred with our findings and recommendations, and provided corrective actions and estimated completion dates that meet the intent of the recommendations. The recommendations are considered resolved and open with corrective actions ongoing. No further response to this report is required. The agency’s detailed response is provided in appendix A. Our response to the agency is embedded in appendix A. The agency also provided technical comments on the draft report, which we have incorporated into our report as appropriate.
Status of Recommendations and Potential Monetary Benefits
RECOMMENDATIONS
POTENTIAL MONETARY BENEFITS (in $000s)
Rec.
Page
Planned Completion
Claimed
Agreed-To
No. No. Subject Status1 Action Official Date Amount Amount
1 7 Incorporate a “Notification Process” similar to that found in CIO Procedure 2106 into CIO Procedure 2105 until the revised CIO Policy 2106 is reissued. O Assistant Administrator for Environmental Information 12/31/17
2 7 Include in the revised CIO Procedure 2106 specific due diligence steps for laboratory fraud that provide procedural details on communication and coordination efforts between program and enforcement staff, review and analysis of data for any impacts to human health and the environment, communication of any impact information to data users, and amendment of past environmental decisions impacted by fraudulent data. O Assistant Administrator for Environmental Information 12/31/17
3 7 Provide training on the “Notification Process” and the revised CIO Procedure 2106 to the EPA staff working with laboratory data. O Assistant Administrator for Environmental Information 3/31/17
4 7 Develop guidelines outlining response steps when fraudulent laboratory data is discovered in ongoing criminal investigations. O Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance 9/30/14
5 7 Update the CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document. O Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response 12/31/15
6 8 Provide training to CLP staff on the updated
CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document. O Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response 12/31/15
1 O = recommendation is open with agreed-to corrective actions pending C = recommendation is closed with all agreed-to actions completed
U = recommendation is unresolved with resolution efforts in progress
Agency Response to Draft Report and OIG Comment
Appendix A
MEMORANDUM
April 1, 2014
SUBJECT: Response to Office of Inspector General Draft Report No. OPE-FY12-0023: “EPA Has Not Fully Implemented Management Procedures to Address for Fraudulent Environmental Data,” dated February 18, 2014
FROM: Renee Wynn /s/
Acting Assistant Administrator and Chief Information Officer
Office of Environmental Information
Cynthia Giles /s/ Assistant Administrator
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
Mathy Stanislaus /s/ Assistant Administrator
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
TO: Arthur A. Elkins, Jr.
Inspector General
Thank you for the opportunity to respond to the issues and recommendations in the subject audit report. Following is a summary of the agency’s overall position, along with its position on each of the report recommendations. For those report recommendations with which the agency agrees, we have provided either high-level intended corrective actions and estimated completion dates to the extent we can or reasons why we are unable to provide high-level intended corrective actions and estimated completion dates at this time.
AGENCY’S OVERALL POSITION
Office of Environmental Information (OEI)
The Office of Environmental Information (OEI) proposes that the title of the report be modified to reflect that no actual fraud was found or identified in the report and recommendations. Upon reflection, OEI believes that the title of the report is misleading and should be modified. OEI proposes the following title for this report, “EPA Has Not Implemented Adequate Management Procedures to Address the Potential for Fraudulent Environmental Data.”
OEI concurs with Recommendation 1 to “Incorporate a notification process similar to that found in CIO Policy 2106 into CIO Policy 2105 until a revised CIO Policy 2106 is reissued.” It is important to clarify that the notification process is found in the CIO Procedure 2106, not CIO Policy 2106.
OEI plans to revise the CIO Quality Procedure to include the notification process found in CIO Procedure 2106.
OEI concurs with Recommendation 2 to “Include in the revised CIO Policy 2106, specific due diligence steps for laboratory fraud that provide procedural details on communication and coordination efforts between program and enforcement staff, review and analysis of data for any impacts to human health and the environment, communication of any impact information to data users, and amendment of past environmental decisions impacted by fraudulent data.” OEI plans to include specific due diligence steps for laboratory fraud in the revised CIO Quality Procedure.
OEI concurs with Recommendation 3 to “Provide training on the Notification Process and the revised CIO Policy 2106 to the EPA staff working with laboratory data.” OEI will provide this training after the revised Quality Procedure is issued.
Additionally, OEI is providing technical comments on this report as part of the attachment.
The Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA)
OECA concurs with Recommendation 4 to “Develop guidelines outlining response steps when fraudulent laboratory data is discovered in ongoing criminal investigations.”
It is important to clarify that lack of such guidelines does not impede OECA’s ability to identify and investigate fraudulent laboratory data nor analyze that data for impacts to human health and the environment, as distinguished from how that information is shared with the end users of potentially fraudulent data.
Additionally, OECA is providing technical comments on this report as part of the attachment.
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER)
OSWER concurs with Recommendation 5 to “Update the Contract Laboratory Program’s (CLP) Roles and Regulations Guidance Documents” and that the May 2007 CLP’s Roles and Responsibilities Guidance Document requires updating to better reflect current business practices and process flows, including Section 5.8 Investigating Possible Inappropriate CLP Laboratory Practices.
OSWER concurs with Recommendation 6 to “Provide training to CLP staff on the updated CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document” and intends to provide training to CLP staff on the updated CLP Roles and Responsibilities Guidance Document.
If you have any questions regarding OEI’s response, please contact Scott Dockum, OEI Audit Follow-Up Manager at 202-566-1914. For OECA’s response, please contract Gwendolyn Spriggs, OECA Audit Follow-Up Coordinator at 202-564-2439. For OSWER’s response, please contact Melanie Hoff, Branch Chief, Analytical Services Branch, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation at 703-603-8808.
Attachment
cc: Scott Dockum Gwendolyn Spriggs Melanie Hoff Johnsie Webster Jeffrey K. Harris
AGENCY’S RESPONSE TO REPORT RECOMMENDATIONS
Agreements
No. Recommendation High-Level Intended Corrective Action(s) Estimated Completion by Quarter and FY
1 Incorporate a “Notification Process” similar to that found in CIO Policy 2106 into CIO Policy 2105 until the revised CIO Policy 2106 is reissued. OEI will issue a revised CIO Quality Procedure and will ensure the notification process is included.
[Revision provided by OEI on April 15, 2014] In the interim before new policy is published in FY 2017, OEI will direct the Regions and requisite Offices to implement Section G, Notification Process, of CIO 2106-P-01.0,
dated 10-20-08, as necessary. 1st Quarter FY 2017
June 30, 2014
2 Include in the revised CIO Policy 2106, specific due diligence steps for laboratory fraud that provide procedural details on communication and coordination efforts between program and enforcement staff, review and analysis of data for any impacts to human health and the environment, communication of any impact information to data users, and amendment of past environmental decisions impacted by fraudulent data. OEI will include specific due diligence steps for laboratory fraud in the revised CIO Quality Procedure. 1st Quarter FY 2017
3 Provide training on the Notification Process and the revised CIO Policy 2106 to the EPA staff working with laboratory data. OEI will provide this training after the revised CIO Quality Procedure is issued. 2nd Quarter FY 2017
4 Develop guidelines outlining response steps when fraudulent laboratory data is discovered in ongoing criminal investigations. OECA will develop guidelines outlining response steps when fraudulent laboratory data is discovered in ongoing criminal investigations. 4th Quarter FY 2014
5 Update the CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document. OSWER concurs with the recommendation and will update the CLP Roles and Regulations Document. 1st Quarter FY 2015
6 Provide training to CLP staff on the updated CLP Roles and Regulations Guidance Document. OSWER concurs with the recommendation and will provide training to CLP staff on the updated CLP Roles and Regulations Document. 1st Quarter FY 2015
Distribution
Appendix B
Office of the Administrator
Assistant Administrator for Environmental Information and Chief Information Officer Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response Agency Follow-Up Official (the CFO)
Agency Follow-Up Coordinator General Counsel
Associate Administrator for Congressional and Intergovernmental Relations Associate Administrator for External Affairs and Environmental Education Principal Deputy Assistant Administrator Environmental Information
Principal Deputy Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Deputy Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and Emergency Response
Audit Follow-Up Coordinator, Office of Environmental Information
Audit Follow-Up Coordinator, Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Audit Follow-Up Coordinator, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency

Here’s a good idea for labeling the AGW movement.
Believing is Seeing
There’s even a study to support the label.
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/02/080215103210.htm
How Believing Can Be Seeing: Context Dictates What We Believe We See
Date:
February 19, 2008
Source:
University College London
Summary:
Scientists have found the link between what we expect to see, and what our brain tells us we actually saw. The study reveals that the context surrounding what we see is all important — sometimes overriding the evidence gathered by our eyes and even causing us to imagine things which aren’t really there.

At Pamela…Time flys when you’re having fun…but when fishing ,time is fun when you’re having flies….!

Gunga Din,
Thanks! Going to read the analysis there.

To rep Joe Kennedy
Yes I look both ways when I cross the road. It’s a simple and inexpensive measure to keep me and my potential grand kids safe. But if you want to tax me $10k per year for the privilege of head-turning I will have to re-assess my need to cross roads. (Who votes for these people?)

Over at the Conversation a Geology Professor from Miami believes that sea levels will rise by 1.25-2m by 2100. I did some research
– It top slices a NOAA prediction of 2012.
– It is way beyond the UNIPCC’s most extreme prediction of Sept 2013.
– Ignores the UNIPCC’s expression of low confidence in any predictions above 1 metre.
– Is based on extreme melting of the polar ice caps, which latest research repudiates.
– Is similar to predictions made by Professor Wanless in 2008.
Despite six years of contradictions, the Professor is still expressing the same extremist beliefs.
Problem is that Professor Wanless has for years also chaired the science committee for the Miami-Dade Climate Change Advisory Task Force. It also seems that the 2012 “Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Action Plan” appears to reflect these views untenable projections of sea level rise.
http://manicbeancounter.com/2014/06/01/sea-level-rise-extremism-of-professor-wanless-and-possible-consequences-for-miami-dade/

1 June: WSJ: Amy Harder: EPA Power-Plant Proposal Will Seek 30% Carbon Dioxide Emissions Cut by 2030
Plan Sets in Motion Main Piece of President Obama’s Climate-Change Agenda
The Environmental Protection Agency will propose a draft rule on Monday seeking a 30% reduction in carbon-dioxide emissions by 2030 from existing power plants based on emission levels from 2005, according to two people who have been briefed on the rule, setting in motion the main piece of President Barack Obama’s climate-change agenda.
The rule, scheduled to be completed one year from now, will give flexibility to the states, which must implement the rules and submit compliance plans to EPA by June 2016. States can decide how to meet the reductions, including joining or creating new cap-and-trade programs, deploying more renewable energy or ramping up energy-efficiency technologies.
Each state will have different percent reduction standards, and the national average will be 25% by 2020 and 30% by 2030, these people said…
http://online.wsj.com/articles/epa-power-plant-proposal-will-seek-30-carbon-dioxide-emissions-cut-by-2030-sources-1401650325

1 June: Aljazeera America: Renee Lewis: Green energy investment set to ‘explode’ after Obama unveils carbon cuts
“If you’re working in the solar or wind industry, you should feel very happy right now — those are the industries growing faster than the rest of economy,” Mike Brune, executive director of the Sierra Club, said. “It’s clear that those are going to be the industries to work in, invest in, and watch. They’re about to explode in terms of growth.”…
The new rules could bolster an industry that has already benefited from a flow of new cash, and new demand.
Warren Buffett, the billionaire owner of Iowa utility MidAmerican, announced a $1.9bn investment into wind farms earlier this month. The utility plans to generate almost half of its electricity by wind power by 2017…
http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/6/1/obama-carbon-epa.html

Mr. W, I hope you took the family out for pizza, caught a dopey movie at the cineplex, and generally had a relaxing day. Don’t worry about all us knot heads out here on the weekends, we’ll keep ourselves entertained excoriating the occasional troll that shows up, and needling each other.

Solar cycle and Earth rotation.
From solar cycle 15 to solar cycle 19 there has been a slow steady rise in the solar magnetic sunspot cycle. Reaching near 200 spots in cycle 19. From cycle 20 to cycle 24 + there has been a steady decline of solar magnetic cycle.
http://www.geomag.bgs.ac.uk/images/image022.jpg
Over the above period earth’s magnetic field strength in particular the South Atlantic Anomaly was in a declining state. The north and south magnetic poles accelerated in the later half when solar geomagnetic activity became heaviest. Just how many leap seconds have we had to add, since solar cycle 15?
During solar cycle 24 the N. Magnetic pole slowed its acceleration and began moving more longitudinally, rather than the latitudinal beeline for Siberia.
And Earth’s rotation is speeding up.
THE IERS BULLETIN C
AND THE PREDICTION OF LEAP SECONDS
Daniel Gambis*
“”It appears that, since the year 2000, the Earth is relatively speeding up,
and the rate of introduction of leap seconds has significantly decreased.””
See Figure 3 Leap seconds per year between 1972 and 2010
(courtesy of W. Dick8, 2011) pg. 4
http://www.cacr.caltech.edu/futureofutc/preprints/files/42_AAS%2013-522_Gambis.pdf
Earth’s rotation is now speeding up, whilst the solar magnetic sunspot cycle is slowing down and solar dipolar fields are weak.
http://www.leif.org/research/Solar-Polar-Fields-1966-now.png
Which if the next theory is correct, earth rotation speeding up will lead to a strengthening dipolar field.
Focus: Simulations Strengthen Earth’s Magnetic-Field/Climate Connection
Published September 20, 2013
http://physics.aps.org/articles/v6/103
….Ocean floor sediment shows that over the past two million years, changes in the Earth’s field have been roughly coincident with ice ages,..
…Miyagoshi and Hamano began by simulating 200,000 years of steady rotation, after which they introduced a 2% oscillation in Earth’s rotation rate, equivalent to shortening the day by a maximum of about a half hour. This is much greater than the expected effect of an ice age, which would be about a second per day, but since their virtual Earth rotated a thousand times too slow, they needed to exaggerate the oscillation in order to see some effect. To their surprise, the magnetic field strength oscillated with roughly the same shape as the rotation rate variation (a sine wave) but with a much larger amplitude of 25% . The team says that with the Earth’s faster rotation speed, even a much smaller, more realistic oscillation in rotation rate may have a noticeable effect……………….
So.. we might put our foot in mouth and say planetary bodies are starting to increase rotation rates, whilst the sun just might be slowing its rotation rate..
Just might see circulations patterns change due to increasing polar vortex speeds and sizes. Wow watch the ocean heat get sucked out…eeek
Did that without saying Interstellar wind or Interstellar magnetic field or Interstellar density values…
No you didn’t..lol

Why, I still at my advanced age (60) scratch my head in wonder, WHY does the Union of Concerned Moronic Left Wing ideologs, who NEVER publish any information to validate any “credentials” on “membership” STILL to this day have an adoring MEDIA fawning all over them when they cough or pass gas??? Wait a moment, Kenji passing gas, that MIGHT mean something significant. We’ll have to ask Anthony when he gets back writing.

Found in my previous comment:

Complain not for whom the mods toll, lest they toil for you….. 8<) .mod]

But, the mods do toil for me, as they do for all of us commenters, whether they are as grateful as I am or not so much.
Apparently you made what appears to be a simple spelling mistake, but might not be. Perhaps your moderating style would benefit from being more automatic, as it seems that in the clutch you had Freudian slippage.
[There are many ways the gears engage in a Freudian clutch, but none slip. .mod]

Cosmos… what has become of thee?
Venus; doctored photos of cooling towers; misrepresenting CO2 ice records… so sad to see the show like this 🙁

From Richard D on June 1, 2014 at 6:27 pm:

Mods are underappreciated and good guys/gals….

Best Implicit Obeisance Yet Annunciated! Good For You!

Found in this previous comment of mine:

[There are many ways the gears engage in a Freudian clutch, but none slip. .mod]

You think there are gears engaging in the clutch? I fear something important got lost in the transmission, with regards to the case of the concept transfer.

Tyson’s run a little bit of “climate change”/”global warming” every episode, but this is a full court press, with some strawman “weather isn’t climate” thrown in. He casually proclaims that the temperatures are rising exactly as the models predict they should, which is utter crap. There has been no rise for 18 years despite CO2 levels continuing to rise.
Now he’s on about green energy technology that won’t work without storage tech that doesn’t yet exist.
Someone needs to do a refutation and put it up on YouTube. This is really blatant propaganda.

Anthony, your work inspires us all, and I’m amazed at & grateful for the torrent of excellent articles here at WUWT.
Neil says:
June 1, 2014 at 6:42 pm
I didn’t see it, but a quick look tells the tale

Venus’ dense atmosphere is mostly made up of carbon dioxide, with small doses of nitrogen and sulfuric acid. This composition creates a runaway greenhouse effect that bakes Venus to even hotter temperatures than the surface of Mercury, the planet closest to the sun.

http://www.space.com/26077-cosmos-tv-series-venus-climate-sunday.html
As I remember it, V e l i k o v s k y had predicted Venus would be hot because it was young, having been expelled/ejected by/from Jupiter. But Sagan countered with the argument that Venus was hot, not because it was young, but rather because its atmosphere was comprised largely of CO2, and that had led to a runaway greenhouse effect on Venus.
Later, Venus was held up as an example of what might happen on Earth because of (Kazoo chorus) runaway greenhouse effect on Earth, and that was the impending catastrophe immortalized in CAGW.
But Venus has been lying low, possibly because some have questioned any need to invoke a runaway greenhouse effect to account for hot Venus.
So now the alarmists are trotting out Venus again for the current dog & pony show meant to stir the blood of the true believers, I suppose, and provide plausible justification to his dim-witted supporters for higher energy prices down the road.
But Venus? Pure Apples & Oranges.

You don’t take enough time off!
Food for thought: funny how those who promote Gaia theory underestimate Earth’s ability to handle extra CO2.
Gaia is the proposition that Earth has an immune system, a regulatory system, a soul and an aura. I agree with all of those things, more or less.
So Earth will have no problem with our extra CO2. In fact it will probably be grateful.