Oh noes! Sea level rising three times faster than expected (again)

UPDATE: The serial regurgitation has started. See the end of the article.

Somehow, I just can’t get past the picture of the guy in the beret who seems to be saying to the cameraman “Look the island! It is disappearing before our eyes!”. Red underline mine.

click for the full news story

Now here’s the interesting part…we’ve apparently seen this sea level rising 3x faster “secret leaked report” before:

Yep, back in 2009, the same claims were made, right about the time of the Copenhagen Climate Conference. Of course it isn’t surprising to see Climate Progress leading the pack with such disinformation, it is what the blogger is paid to do. But. let’s look at the unpaid reality of the data.

From this post by Willis Eschenbach: Putting the Brakes on Acceleration he plots the satellite data up to September of 2010. If anything it looks like the trend is slightly decelerating:

And, as we’ve seen from the latest JASON-1 and JASON-2 data, plotted by RomanM, there does not seem to be any acceleration in sea level rise. In fact it seems quite linear. The data speaks for itself, with a general slight downturn in the JASON1-2 data since late 2009:

Of course, the fact that this is old news and that when you examine the claims, they just don’t hold up. Nope that won’t stop the “secret leaked report” from being released tomorrow here at http://www.amap.no/ and a serial regurgitation by news media.

h/t to Duncan and CTM

=========================================================

UPDATE: Here we go…

http://www.independentmail.com/news/2011/may/03/new-report-confirms-arctic-melt-accelerating/

Here is the list of stories from Google so far. The best thing our readers can do is visiti these links and place comments if they are allowed, showing that so far, sea level rise has not accelerated at all. – Anthony

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Steeptown
May 2, 2011 10:34 pm

Same old same old discredited computer models. They need a bigger, better Playstation to scare us with.

Bob Diaz
May 2, 2011 10:37 pm

RE: Sea levels were estimated to rise between 0.9 and 1.6M by the year 2100…
http://en.trend.az/regions/world/ocountries/1869902.html
Wait, stop and think about this, they are saying it’s 9mm –> 16mm PER YEAR (assume 100 years)!!!
If I take into account we have 89 years until 2100, that comes to 10mm –> 18mm per year. Using the 1992-2001 numbers, they are saying that the number just suddenly jumped from 3.4mm per year to 10mm–>18mm per year; that’s a big sudden jump. One would expect to see 10 years of data to show the pattern of increase.
Wait, this is AGW, facts don’t matter…

Dave N
May 2, 2011 10:49 pm

Not to mention the fact that sea levels are unaffected by melting ice that floats.. but hey, why let simple high school science dull a good scare story?

P Gosselin
May 2, 2011 10:51 pm

The Europeans have put all their eggs in the global warming basket – and are adamant about pushing through the Great Transformation. It’s all a sham to take over the moral leadership of the world.
You can use that bogus claim and the paper it’s written on as TP.

P Gosselin
May 2, 2011 10:56 pm

Bob Diaz
Your numbers likely come from that serial exaggerator Stefan Rahmstorf of the PIK. His graph follows the 3 – 4 mm / year increase for the next 20-30 years and then shoots up like a hockey stick after 2050. It’s just more fortune-telling from a charlatan. The 2013 IPCC report has to be more dramatic than the 2007 report, which, as Ban Ki Moon said, was “scarier than a sci-fi movie”.

Martin Brumby
May 2, 2011 10:56 pm

They need another of those “conferences” somewhere exotic to decide how best to “communicate” their latest regurgitation of this “evidence” to us poor benighted deniers.
As a dog returneth to his vomit, so a fool returneth to his folly
Proverbs 26:11

Tom Harley
May 2, 2011 10:58 pm

Disaster for Broome, McDonalds underwater, Airport underwater, Coles underwater, and, oh no, BOM sunk!
Photos of March high tide:http://pindanpost.com/2011/05/03/underwater-bro…-dont-think-so/

Mike Bromley the Kurd
May 2, 2011 10:59 pm

Well, Canada just got an CAGW-skewering majority government. Let’s hope that the environment department cruises WUWT regularly.

May 2, 2011 11:06 pm

Steeptown says:
May 2, 2011 at 10:34 pm
Same old same old discredited computer models. They need a bigger, better Playstation to scare us with.

Playstation network science is down since before the Easter holidays, so they had to use a backed up report.

Tom Harley
May 2, 2011 11:09 pm

…From Greenhouse 2011, conference in Cairns last weekend:
Observing climate variability and change in the global oceans: The Argo Program
Dean Roemmich
Presentation
Climate change and Australia’s coast: integrated science for adaptation
Jo Mummery
Presentation
Sea-level rise and the Earth’s warming
John Church
Presentation
I have not looked at these yet, but Anthony’s post now prompts me to do so.
(Self promotion) The full list of presentations can be found on my blog http://pindanpost.com in 4 parts: Greenhouse 2011, sponsored by CSIRO

May 2, 2011 11:30 pm

Having been doing some of my own research in this matter, I have found 3 scientific articles showing a deceleration of sea levels around the globe.
One by Nils-Axel Morner, in regards to the Maldives called, ‘The Great Sea-Level Humbug’.
That PDF can be found .here
Another one by P. J. Watson, in regards to Australia called, ‘Is There Evidence Yet of Acceleration in Mean Sea Level Rise around Mainland Australia?’
That article, published in the Journal of Coastal Research, can be found here.
And of course, Houston and Dean, in regards to the US sea levels called, ‘Sea-Level Acceleration Based on U.S. Tide Gauges and Extensions of Previous Global-Gauge Analyses.’
That article, also published at the JCR, can be found here as well.
These articles are the real story that MSM doesn’t want out.
Having gone back and reviewed again this UNIPCC Report, sea-levels is tantamount to the CAGW theory.
Here is a quote from that IPCC report:

This report considers two simple indices of climate change, global mean temperature and sea level rise. The change in global mean temperature is the main factor determining the rise in sea level; it is also a useful proxy for overall climate change.

As long as the IPCC stands by that document, every ‘alarmist’ will continue to deny any evidence to the contrary.
Hence, we get this drivel on ‘higher that predicted’ trash from the MSM.
But I’m singing to the crowd again. Most of us here know the truth.
If anyone is interested in seeing my article on sea levels, with attachments from the previous 3 links, please read,‘More on Sea Levels’.

CRS, Dr.P.H.
May 2, 2011 11:41 pm

@ Dave N says:
May 2, 2011 at 10:49 pm
Not to mention the fact that sea levels are unaffected by melting ice that floats.. but hey, why let simple high school science dull a good scare story?
—–
REPLY
Heh! You beat me to it, see: http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/iceoverflow.html

May 2, 2011 11:54 pm

I had calculated before the rate of rise since 2003, and made it available here.
Please notice that it has been going down (be careful: the rate is going down; not sea-level) almost continuously since the beginning of 2006, only interrupted in the fall2009-spring2010, probably due to “El Nino”.
I’ll have to update this when new satellite data gets out.
Ecotretas

Ralph
May 3, 2011 12:23 am

Still not sure about this sea level rise business. The evidence from the Med, which has no tides and so is easier to measure, is that it has not moved a dime over the last few centuries. Not even that 5cms since 1990. It is still sitting exactly where it was, on these photos.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Antalya_undercut_lr.jpg

kbray in California
May 3, 2011 12:41 am

Heavy Water and Heavy Drink
Extra water in the ocean puts pressure on the sea floor, forcing it down and causing all land masses floating on the mantle to rise. Seems reasonable, just like pressing on a balloon, it pops out somewhere else… the area of lesser resistance ie: the land masses are forced to rise.
Therefore, do not be concerned about melting land based ice causing the sea level to rise. It’s all relative. This is probably a slow self-correcting process taking an estimated hundreds to thousands of years, so a little patience is in order.
So while we’re waiting for that to happen, let’s all party, drink beer, and enjoy life.
No worries Mates ! Cheers !
PS: There should be huge fines for publishing the above false propaganda drivel that pollutes young minds. It’s getting monotonous.

Robertvdl
May 3, 2011 12:58 am

Let’s wait and listen what Obama tells us about sea level rise. If he and his experts say it is rising it is the truth. They would never lie to us.

David
May 3, 2011 1:00 am

Funny – the (independent) Arctic Sea Ice graphs for this year seem to be REMARKABLY consistent with previous years, being bang in the middle of the others…

TimC
May 3, 2011 1:02 am

@ClimateForAll: thanks for that. I agree it’s quite clear that unless the sea level rise is *accelerating* (not just increasing at constant rate, as from the last ice age) the whole CAGW edifice collapses. If there is no acceleration in the land-based ice melt (glaciers, Greenland, land-based Antarctica) there can be no overall temperature rise, at least in any land areas with permanent ice pack.
Sea level is the best temperature proxy of all. It’s showing absolutely nothing unusual going on.

3x2
May 3, 2011 1:06 am

Ralph says: May 3, 2011 at 12:23 am
Still not sure about this sea level rise business. The evidence from the Med, which has no tides and so is easier to measure, is that it has not moved a dime over the last few centuries. Not even that 5cms since 1990. It is still sitting exactly where it was, on these photos.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Antalya_undercut_lr.jpg

The problem with the Mediterranean, especially around Greece and Turkey, is that the water may be fairly static but the land isn’t.

3x2
May 3, 2011 1:10 am
Keitho
Editor
May 3, 2011 1:10 am

My house is only 4860 ft AMSL so somebody please let me know when I need to start running away.
Thanks.

Brian S
May 3, 2011 1:18 am

@CRS, Dr.P.H
“…melting ice that floats…?
Floating ice that melts, perhaps?
This realisation started me off on the search for better science than the scaremongers were offering. The link Anthony has provided seems a bit TOO scientific for laymen – at the scale of ice cubes, the melted ice will precisely fill the volume the ice cube was displacing. So rather than “the level of the water stays about the same” they could say “exactly the same”.
The other layman’s objection to “the science” is that ALL of the gigatons of carbon in coal were (before the vegetation sequestered it) up in the atmoshpere as CO2. So why should anyone worry about putting it back there? But I see no discussion of that thought anywhere. I gather from Viscount Monkton that CO2 levels are known to have been 300000 times higher in the past than their current levels, and evidently growing conditions were then excellent. This fact seems worthy of more exposure too.

May 3, 2011 1:23 am

Well it was obvious really when you come to think about it. – It was just thoughtless and irresponsible to market the “Climate Science Kit” purely for profit.
– The kit has of course (as I very well knew it would do when I first saw it) fallen into the wrong hands.

Don K
May 3, 2011 1:36 am

The dubiousness of this claim is even more impressive if you look at the full 130 years of sea level data http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png Not only does the tidal gauge data (for a wonder) agree with the satellite data, the only apparent change in rate of increase looks to have been very modest and to have taken place at the end of the 19th century. This chart and the acknowledged 600-800 year lag between temperature and CO2 that convince me that “climate science” has more in common with phrenology than with anything an unbiased observer might describe as “settled science”.
If climate science were a real science rather than a religious exercise, there would be an honest admission that we can not account for historic sea levels very well and certainly have no validated tools for predicting future sea levels.

Alan the Brit
May 3, 2011 1:36 am

P Gosselin 🙂
I may have to live in Europe, I may have to endure the near constant barrage of laws, rules, edicts, etc, about how I must live my life, what I should eat, drink, say, & think, eminating from Brussells, but please, when you refer to “Europe”, do remember you are referring to an overpaid, corrupt, arrogant, unelected, undemocratic, unaccountable, & unsackable, bunch of largely socialist-minded bureaucrats, & not the people within the Peoples Democratic Republic of the Eupopean Union! Thank you.

Al Gored
May 3, 2011 1:56 am

Anthony,
Pleeease put a caption on that photo. The guy with the beard looking back at the camera has a look that’s just begging for a classic line… yes, my village used to be at the foot of that hill, or something.

Inersesquare
May 3, 2011 2:15 am

CRS, Dr.P.H. says:
May 2, 2011 at 11:41 pm
@ Dave N says:
May 2, 2011 at 10:49 pm
Not to mention the fact that sea levels are unaffected by melting ice that floats.. but hey, why let simple high school science dull a good scare story?
—–
REPLY
Heh! You beat me to it, see: http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/iceoverflow.html
Reply:
I saw a BBC Our World Doco over the weekend where they spent an hour telling us how they finally figured out that the Glacier in Antarctica that they were studying was actually melting from below (sea temp rise) (i.e. floating ice) and that it would cause up to 5m of sea level rise………..
It’s getting so outrageous that it’s actually just plain boring now. This stuff is so easily debunked, yet they are still airing hour long documentaries……. what is with the general public that they will just swallow this stuff without ever actually checking anything?
Aren’t there laws designed to stop this sort of rubbish? Isn’t it tantamount to Yelling FIRE!! in a crowded theatre????

H.R.
May 3, 2011 2:37 am

Battye says:
May 3, 2011 at 1:10 am
“My house is only 4860 ft AMSL so somebody please let me know when I need to start running away. “
I wouldn’t worry too much until the climate refugees start knocking on your door and asking if you have any rooms for rent. That’s your cue. ;o)

izen
May 3, 2011 2:44 am

@-Brian S says:
May 3, 2011 at 1:18 am
“The other layman’s objection to “the science” is that ALL of the gigatons of carbon in coal were (before the vegetation sequestered it) up in the atmoshpere as CO2. So why should anyone worry about putting it back there? But I see no discussion of that thought anywhere.”
Probably because it is nonsense.
The Carbon sequestered in fossil fuels was NOT all in the atmosphere before sequestration, the atmospheric carbon was sequestered and replaced with geologically sequestered carbon at a slow rate, about an order of magnitude slower than humans are adding carbon to the atmosphere at present. The resulting sequestred carbon is the result of millenia of conversion from the atmosphere to buried hydrocarbons and certainly does NOT represent just the atmospheric CO2 alone.
” I gather from Viscount Monkton that CO2 levels are known to have been 300000 times higher in the past than their current levels, and evidently growing conditions were then excellent.”
Gathering ‘facts’ from ‘Viscount’ Monkton is a rather romantic notion – with romance in this case meaning the triumph of hope over experience…
CO2 levels have been higher in the past, according to computer models of the carbon cycle, when the Sun was also much cooler and the climate was ideal for reptiles but imimical to mammals.

Brian H
May 3, 2011 2:47 am

Let me guess: it’s based on that subsiding Hong Kong sea level guage, without which they “wouldn’t have a trend”?
Data torture should be a capital crime in science.

Brian H
May 3, 2011 2:48 am

Typo: “gauge” not “guage”.

May 3, 2011 2:57 am

The steady stream of lies acually gets boring and is entirely predictable now. It has about the same impact as the noticeboard outside a local church; just a part of the background visual noise and not worthy of serious attention to the passing non-believer.

jaymam
May 3, 2011 3:41 am

Dave N
CRS, Dr.P.H.
Brian S
“sea levels are unaffected by melting ice that floats”
In the interests of complete accuracy, the sea level will rise a very small amount. We’ve discussed this before:
http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/04/30/climate-craziness-of-the-week-msm-jumps-on-alarming-headline/#comments
“To see an inch of sea level rise from melting icebergs we’d need 526 years”
If you redo the school experiment with pure ice floating in sea water, there is a rise in level when the ice melts:
http://i43.tinypic.com/2dhsbyb.jpg

Espen
May 3, 2011 3:51 am

The Azerbaijan web site hosting this article was completely unknown to me, so with some effort I managed to find the Danish news article being referred:
http://politiken.dk/klima/klimakloden/ECE1269741/havet-stiger-hurtigere-end-ventet/
It talks about a report from the SWIPA project, I think, and interestingly, if you go to the search page on http://www.amap.no/ , almost all search results on SWIPA yield a “file not found”!
But the AMAP site points to the program of the AMAP conference, starting today in Copenhagen, and apparently, the SWIPA report will be presented tomorrow:
http://amap.no/Conferences/Conf2011/programme.pdf

Steve from Rockwood
May 3, 2011 4:12 am

Battye:
If your house is located at 4860 ft AMSL, that would be 58,320 in or 148,133 cm or 1,481,328 mm. Assuming a rate of 3 mm/yr you’re good to about 495,787 AD although to be prudent you should start making plans before that.
At 30 cm per 100 years, grab a chair because it’s going to be a long show.

Jean Parisot
May 3, 2011 4:18 am

Shouldn’t sea level rise be a lagging indicator of warming? It should be accelerating significantly if the late century warming was real.

May 3, 2011 4:34 am

These folks aren’t very good at Gaian math. When you’re creating Gaian numbers, they must be VERY LARGE and very scary and very precise.
19 to 59 cm? Too small, sounds too much like you’re guessing.
Should be 19,432,784.31572345098 to 59,759,210,015.31415926535 Gigameters.

Steve Keohane
May 3, 2011 4:49 am

Brian S says: May 3, 2011 at 1:18 am
I gather from Viscount Monkton that CO2 levels are known to have been 300000 times higher in the past than their current levels

Not that high, 10-15X the record low rates we are running now.
http://i46.tinypic.com/2582sg6.jpg
http://i55.tinypic.com/11awzg8.jpg

Dan
May 3, 2011 4:53 am

Al Gored:
“When we reach this sacred urban heat island I will fill my beret with crabs, lobsters and holy shrimp. Pls not to take pictures. Thank you.

Mike
May 3, 2011 5:53 am

Battye
“My house is only 4860 ft AMSL so somebody please let me know when I need to start running away.”
Wait, when was that 4860 ft measurement taken. You may already be down to 4859 ft. 11 in. or less!
That means it could be worse than you thought. I would start packing if I were you! Just to be on the safe side.

Beth Cooper
May 3, 2011 6:00 am

It’s the ‘leaks’ causing the problem.

Fred from Canuckistan
May 3, 2011 6:01 am

The real scientific story needing investigation is how the Arctic Ice Cap is covering a larger area, increasing in mass and yet still melting at the same time.
An amazing new property of water just waiting to be discovered by some Noble hopeful scientist.

Tim Folkerts
May 3, 2011 6:07 am

Not to mention the fact that sea levels are unaffected by melting ice that floats.. but hey, why let simple high school science dull a good scare story?
—–
REPLY
Heh! You beat me to it, see: http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/experiments/iceoverflow.html

But not all the ice in the arctic is floating!
First of all, the article specifically mentions ice on Greenland — that ice is definitely not floating. There are also plenty of Arctic mountain glaciers — also floating. Finally, northern Canada has a whole archipelago of islands in the arctic which are ice-covered year round and which could be losing non-floating ice.
And as jaymam says @ May 3, 2011 at 3:41 am, there are other factors involved (like fresh/vs salt water)..
But hey, why let simple facts ruin the fun?

Amino Acids in Meteorites
May 3, 2011 6:17 am

If ‘manmade global warming’ is real why all the secrecy? It should be out in the open and in the headlines warning everyone. The “leak” aspect, the acting like you don’t understand unless you pick up on some subliminal message, tells me that it ISN’T real.

SteveE
May 3, 2011 6:26 am

Brian S says:
May 3, 2011 at 1:18 am
Two points for you:
The ice that’s sitting on Greenland and Antarctica isn’t floating in the sea so as that melts it raises sea level.
The Cretaceous had higher levels of CO2 (although no where near 300000 times the amount that you quote, it was about six times pre industrial levels) and during that time there was no polar ice cap.

Jack
May 3, 2011 6:27 am

What I’ve been looking at is real estate prices in the Maldives.
I’ll believe it a crisis when prices collapse. Right now most people couldn’t afford a house there.

SteveE
May 3, 2011 6:30 am

Brian S says:
May 3, 2011 at 1:18 am
You should also factor in that most of the sea level rise is not meant to come from the melting of the ice, but the thermal expansion of the body of water due to increased temperatures.

Kevin_S
May 3, 2011 6:34 am

*in a windowless, smoke-filled room at the UN*
Chicken Little #1: “Quick, we have to think of something fast, the people are beginning to see through the lie!”
Chicken Little #2: “But what does the official bureaucratic manual say on how to deal with this situation?”
Chicken Little #3: (thumbing through manual) “Aha. The Obama gambit. When everything we try is failing, we double down and make the problem seem even worse. So, why don’t we state that the sea levels could possibly rise even faster according to our incredibly flawed models?(flips a couple more pages) Oh yeah, if necessary blame Bush for everything. ”
Chicken Little #1: “That could work! Then we pick a date for when we will all no longer be alive so that we won’t be ridiculed for when our alarmism proves to be false. I love it. Make it so Number 2.”
They just won’t give up, will they? /facepalm

G. Karst
May 3, 2011 6:35 am

Isn’t there a psychological condition, that exhibits itself, as a uncontrollable fascination with one’s own excrement. Surely, we are observing this condition with certain climate researchers. How long must we wait before someone recognizes the condition, and gets these people the help they need? GK

Sun Spot
May 3, 2011 6:41 am

@izen says:
May 3, 2011 at 2:44 am
“according to computer models of the carbon cycle, when the Sun was also much cooler and the climate was ideal for reptiles but imimical to mammals.”
izen, that’s complete model garbage, a cooler sun was ideal for reptiles ???

ImranCan
May 3, 2011 6:41 am

What is amazing is the brazen disingenuity of the article. As you read down it, it starts with “sea levels ARE rising faster than expected” … which becomes “sea levels are FEARED to be rising faster than expected” …. and finally we get to the actual inflated truth which states that “sea level rises are NOW ESTIMATED to be between x and y BY 2100” … ie an updated bloody model of some unproven future state.
The complete and utter lack of journalistic integrity is mind boggling. All the ACTUAL DATA shows exactly the bloody opposite. And yet they write this CRAP.

Bob Barker
May 3, 2011 6:43 am

A recent article in GRL says maybe 25% of sea level rise is contributed by aquifer depletion. IPCC’s position is overpumping of groundwater has been entirely offset by new impoundment construction. I think their tendency is to try to keep it simple. Just ice melting and water warming. I think aquifer depletion has been a major contributor in recent years. The Russians even dried up Lake Aral, once the 4th largest lake in the world, along with the water table that was part of it.
http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2010/2010GL044571.shtml

bwanajohn
May 3, 2011 6:55 am

At least they are keeping it “green” and recycling….

Frank K.
May 3, 2011 7:02 am

Lest we forget…
“Sea level rise is one problem. Carbon dioxide amounts of 400 ppm (parts per million), expect in 2016 with current emissions, will cause an eventual sea level rise of about 25 metres.”
Dr. Jim Hansen, NASA GISS, 2011.

Paul
May 3, 2011 7:03 am

Twenty percent of the Netherlands are below sea level and protected by dykes. They must have measurements of sea level rise going back quite a ways. Does anyone know what their measurements indicate?

Olen
May 3, 2011 7:12 am

They leaked a report predicting more than expected sea level rise by 2100. How brave and predictable. By 2100 no one will remember this leaked report nor will they see it as true.

John from CA
May 3, 2011 7:19 am

“…due to rapidly melting Artic ice sheets…” — wow, they can’t even spell Arctic. What loon wrote the news piece? Sea levels aren’t rising due to Arctic ice — it freezes over every winter.

Eric Anderson
May 3, 2011 7:30 am

SteveE: “You should also factor in that most of the sea level rise is not meant to come from the melting of the ice, but the thermal expansion of the body of water due to increased temperatures.”
Hmmm. Looks like that isn’t working out too well either . . .

richcar that 1225
May 3, 2011 7:42 am

I wonder what effect the record North American snow pack has had on sea level?
http://news.google.com/news/search?pz=1&cf=all&ned=us&hl=en&q=record+snowpack

izen
May 3, 2011 7:43 am

@-Sun Spot says:
May 3, 2011 at 6:41 am
“izen, that’s complete model garbage, a cooler sun was ideal for reptiles ???”
I do not know that the GEOCARB III model of the carbon cycle is ‘garbage’, certainly the Rothman figures derived from strontium isotope proxies indicate much lower CO2 levels in the past than are derived from the GEOCARB model. Around double present levels in the crfetatious for instance.
However the Triassic/Jurrasic era had CO2 at 3-4 times present levels and a lower solar output. The total result was a hotter globe with little or no polar ice and large dry deserts on most internal continental regions.
Okay, I admit I was being a little provocative in labelling such conditions as ideal for reptiles and not for mammals. The real situation was reptiles evolved to optimize for the prevailing climate excluding mammals from most ecological niches. The species adapted to the conditions, and it wasn’t until the Yucatan meteorite eliminated most of the large reptiles that mammals got the chance to evolve into all the newly vacant ecological roles. The lower CO2 and temperature did favour mammals though because of their superior temperature regulation, especially in cold ambient conditions.

SteveE
May 3, 2011 8:25 am

Eric Anderson says:
May 3, 2011 at 7:30 am
————
It’s working out fine – sediment cores, tidal gauges, satellite measurements. What they find is sea level rise has been steadily accelerating over the past century.
Figure 3a:
http://academics.eckerd.edu/instructor/hastindw/MS1410-001_FA08/handouts/2008SLRSustain.pdf

ferd berple
May 3, 2011 8:31 am

“The “leak” aspect,…, tells me that it ISN’T real.
Great point. Why is ALL climate data not in the public domain if global warming is real? Why did anyone have to leak anything ala ClimateGate? There should have been nothing to leak.
This really is the most important message about global warming. If the science is settled and global warming is real, why is there any secrecy?
Why not simply publish the raw data and methods on the internet? Why does it take a FOI request to get this information?
Surely it is much cheaper to simply post the information to a public server that for people to answer FOI requests. Internet storage has become so cheap that many sites simply give space away for free. You can store data for years on the internet for what it costs to answer a single FOI request.
The fact that climate scientists continue to hide data at great expense behind FOI requests, rather than take the less expensive approach and simply post it to the public domain is evidence that they are purposely and knowingly hiding something.
This is what ClimateGate exposed. Not that the science of global warming was wrong. Rather that there was something to hide. The average person on the street may not understand thermodynamics and TSI. They do however understand secrecy.

DCC
May 3, 2011 8:36 am

@izen who said “CO2 levels have been higher in the past, according to computer models of the carbon cycle, when the Sun was also much cooler and the climate was ideal for reptiles but imimical [sic] to mammals.”
Gee, when I got my doctorate, I learned that mammals and dinosaurs co-existed, but the mammals were necessarily small in order to stay out of harm’s way. For that matter, they still co-exist with “reptiles.” As for the CO2 content of the atmosphere, it has been falling since the late Jurassic 150+ million years ago, but global temperature rose dramatically during the Cretaceous. http://tinyurl.com/3scv637
Just what was it that about climate that caused the mammals to fare poorly? And where do you get these strange “facts?”

izen
May 3, 2011 8:36 am

@-Paul says:
May 3, 2011 at 7:03 am
“Twenty percent of the Netherlands are below sea level and protected by dykes. They must have measurements of sea level rise going back quite a ways. Does anyone know what their measurements indicate?”
A continual steady rise in sea levewl over the length of available records.
However this is not as definitive a conformation of global sea level rise as might be desired.
The Netherlands are subject to isostatic rebound from the loss of the North Eurasian ice-cap at the end of the last glacial period so it is sinking relative to sea level.
Meanwhile the measurements are often taken at harbours and bridges newly built on reclaimed/drained land which also subsides as water is lost and sediment build-up weighs down the surface.
Eclipse records indicate very little possible variation in sea level for the last 6000 years certainly nothing of the magnitude of millimeters a year seen over the last century. Archeological evidence supports that. The recent rise is probably unprecedented since the end of the last glacial period and the A1 melt pulse during the Holocene optimum.

Magnus
May 3, 2011 8:50 am

Wait! You still have to add all the feedbacks!

TimC
May 3, 2011 9:05 am

&izen: excuse me, but what were the “eclipse records” you refer to? Solar? Lunar? What was recorded and how does this serve to determine historic sea levels (other than them all being during spring high tides of course)?

Martin Brumby
May 3, 2011 9:09 am

@izen says: May 3, 2011 at 8:36 am
“A continual steady rise in sea levewl (sic) over the length of available records.”
Yeah, around 2-3mm per year. Like most places.
But being an anonymous troll, of course you didn’t mention that.

kbray in California
May 3, 2011 9:10 am
richcar that 1225
May 3, 2011 9:11 am

It now appears that the only thing falling faster than sea level is the support for carbon taxes.
http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/voters-abandon-julia-gillards-carbon-pricing-plan/story-fn59niix-1226049447761
In yesterday’s Canadian elections Cap and trade supporter David Ignatieff leader of the labor party even lost his own seat.
http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20110503-710768.html
George Soros must be beginning to wonder how efffective Joe Rom is in rallying the AGW faithful.

May 3, 2011 9:15 am

izen says:
CO2 levels have been higher in the past, according to computer models of the carbon cycle, when the Sun was also much cooler and the climate was ideal for reptiles but imimical to mammals.
I’m confused now – I thought higher CO2 meant WARMER climates, and that the sun was not a major contributor to the climate compared to CO2.

May 3, 2011 9:16 am

Sorry – forgot to check “notify me…”

DCC
May 3, 2011 9:26 am

Eric Anderson said on May 3, 2011 at 7:30 am:
“It’s working out fine – sediment cores, tidal gauges, satellite measurements. What they find is sea level rise has been steadily accelerating over the past century.
Figure 3a:
http://academics.eckerd.edu/instructor/hastindw/MS1410-001_FA08/handouts/2008SLRSustain.pdf
Actually, Figure 3a says precisely the opposite and Figure 3b makes it even more clear. The sea level rise in the past 20,000 years (200 centuries, not the past century) is attributable to the end of the last ice age. Figure 3b makes quite clear that little if any rise and no acceleration has occurred in the last three centuries. The same trends are true of satellite measurements in the last 30+ years.
Oh dear, I guess I am replying to a post that you deleted.

crosspatch
May 3, 2011 9:30 am

The San Francisco Chronicle has the story on the front page of their SF Gate site as well.

Entomologist
May 3, 2011 9:31 am

I hate to break it to everybody here, but they are absolutely right. In fact, I will be just as correct in stating that the sea rise is twenty times as great as previously estimated. You see, three times zero (the actual sea rise) is just the same as twenty times zero… Scary and true. /sarc

Rhoda Ramirez
May 3, 2011 9:35 am

Izen, you say that it was warmer in the past when the CO2 levels were higher. You are totally discounting the different continental configurations. Climate change drastically when the straights of Panama were closed. THAT caused a massive change in oceanic currents including the establishment of the circumpolar current around Antarctica. NOT CO2

PhilJourdan
May 3, 2011 9:56 am

Entomologist says:
May 3, 2011 at 9:31 am

The weasel out, and you are correct! I think they call this the lie of omission. In other words, they do not say that the original rate is 0, so yes, 3 times 0 is technically correct!

TimC
May 3, 2011 10:02 am

@Entomologist: it’s the *acceleration* (the 2nd order MSL differential) that’s zero. The MSL *rise* is a constant 3mm (approx) per annum – about 1ft per century, ongoing, reflecting the continuing steady melt as from the last ice age.

richcar that 1225
May 3, 2011 10:14 am

I wonder how much longer it will be untill these propagandists realize that their scare reports are having the opposite effect on the populace. Thanks to the internet and blogs like this one people are fact checking and education theirselves on the scientific merits of the claims and how truly alarming they are. The result is a political backlash that started with the US midterm elections. Unfortunately they are starting to realize this and now are trying to change the debate from co2 to ‘dirty air’ and back door carbon controls through agencies like the EPA. But guess what:
“You can fool some of the people all of the time, and all of the people some of the time, but you can not fool all of the people all of the time.”
Abraham Lincoln, (attributed)

Jo_W
May 3, 2011 10:23 am

“Nope that won’t stop the “secret leaked report” from being released tomorrow here at http://www.amap.no/
Actually nothing along those lines up to now also nothing in the conference program schedule on their website, this must REALLY be recycled old news launched just in time by somebody to stir confusion.
Funny, they have an “Icebreaker event” on the 3rd before the conference starts…..

HaroldW
May 3, 2011 10:45 am

Another AP version, which contrasts the AMAP report with Rignot et al. 2011:
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110503/ap_on_sc/eu_arctic_climate_change

Kelvin Vaughan
May 3, 2011 10:54 am

I measured a 400mm rise in sea level the other day. I was going to report it but then I realised my boat was sinking.

TomRude
May 3, 2011 11:07 am

The Globe and Mail is regurgitating the story…
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/science/arctic-melt-accelerating-sea-level-climate-report-says/article2008382/comments/
The greens got less than 4% nationally!!! So the green agitprop in Globemedia, Thomson controlled newspaper continues…

TonyK
May 3, 2011 11:10 am

Oh dear, not sea level rise again! Wherever it’s happening (and can anyone show anywhere it IS happening), it ain’t happening here! Info about a TIDAL mill here in Hampshire UK which has been using the tide to grind grain for 900 years IN THE SAME SPOT!!
http://s277147633.websitehome.co.uk/Elingmill.html
NO relative level change AT ALL!

DonS
May 3, 2011 11:11 am

This:http://www.washingtontimes.com/world probably identifies the source of the report referred to above. Rather than a leak, it appears to be a press release previous to an AMAP conference beginning 4 May in Denmark. Wonder where Walt Meier can be found? Check the attendees list here:http://www.amap.no/. I find 8 attendees with .gov or .org in their email addresses and a total of 18 attendees from “USA”, only one of which has a .com address. Interesting times.
OT I saw the name Mummery ( an Australian Gov’t official I believe) somewhere here. What an intriguing name for a CAGW advocate.

Ralph
May 3, 2011 11:11 am

>>3×2
>>The problem with the Mediterranean, especially around Greece and
>>Turkey, is that the water may be fairly static but the land isn’t.
So they say. But if you go just 30 miles down the road from that picture, you come to Phaselis, where the Greek port is in just about exactly the same position, relative to sea level, as when the Greeks built it.
.

Arfur Bryant
May 3, 2011 11:13 am

[“Keith Battye says:
May 3, 2011 at 1:10 am
My house is only 4860 ft AMSL so somebody please let me know when I need to start running away.”]
Don’t worry Keith, I live on a boat. You can come and stay with me in about 495000 years! 🙂

Entomologist
May 3, 2011 11:29 am

: you are absolutely correct, I should have written “rate of sea rise”. Mea maxima culpa!

May 3, 2011 11:35 am

@Eric Anderson
I have my doubts in regards to satellite altimetry. When ever someone wants to show a rise in sea levels, they pull out there handy dandy satellite graphs.
It has already been determined that satellite imagery data is consistently higher than tide gauges.
And I imagine that with the latest JASON-1 and JASON-2 data, that shows a deceleration in global sea level, the warmistas have to attack now to gain leverage.
Even if its an illusion.

Eric Anderson
May 3, 2011 11:50 am

jaymam and Tim Folkerts:
Good point about seawater vs. freshwater. Just curious: if we are talking about Arctic sea ice, where did it primarily come from in the first place: frozen seawater or precipitation? If the former, when the sea ice becomes more pure, does that make the underlying seawater more saline, and if so, what is the consequence of that? In other words, if you start with seawater, freeze it, then melt it, what kind of sea level rise will you observe?
———-
DCC, I think you’re replying to SteveE’s comment, not mine. I don’t think sea level rise is accelerating. SteveE made that assertion, and I believe he is mistaken, based, for example on Willis’ and Roman M’s plots in the head post above.

SteveE
May 3, 2011 11:55 am

DCC says:
May 3, 2011 at 9:26 am
Perhaps you should learn how a graph works. The line notes the global mean sea change over the last 140 year. As you can see the rate that it is going up is increasing, this is called acceleration.
The graph in 3b is the rate per year of that change. If you’re able to read off the graph that in 1880 it was about 1mm/year and now it is higher than 3 mm/year.

1DandyTroll
May 3, 2011 12:19 pm

Home at the farm we just call it spring flood. Apparently it happens every year and is no biggie.

May 3, 2011 12:21 pm

SteveE: click

Arno Arrak
May 3, 2011 12:52 pm

Like I said before, forget these guys. The true rise will be 24.6 cm.

Ian
May 3, 2011 1:25 pm

So it’s rising 3x faster and it’s declining at the same time. Makes perfect climatology sense to me.

rbateman
May 3, 2011 2:04 pm

Feared to be rising, worse than we thought/previously imagined, catastrophic, imminent doom (rhymes with eminent domain).
It’s like watching kids being transfixed by video games.

Nomen Nescio
May 3, 2011 2:06 pm

G. Karst,
Do you mean Copromania? Macromania might also be in play here: delusion that objects are larger than natural size.

Joshua Corning
May 3, 2011 3:30 pm

“sea level rise has not accelerated at all”
Maybe they are taking the fact that a deceleration is technically an acceleration and running with it in the hopes that no one notices.

Steve in SC
May 3, 2011 3:58 pm

Baghdad Bob?????????????/

JRR Canada
May 3, 2011 6:13 pm

I suspect the Conservative Majority just elected here, can thank team global warming to a small extent. No carbon tax for Canada, and vanishing funding for AWG/CC/whatever research. And the artists were protesting funding cuts to the arts, while supporting the eco-nuts I guess they do like competition after all.

Andrew30
May 3, 2011 9:02 pm

An answer to the question about why UC’s sea level data has not been updated since mid 2010
Posted on April 15, 2011 by Anthony Watts

“This new website design won’t work with our current format, so if you can just be patient and wait a couple of weeks we’ll have it online.”

So in “couple of weeks” we’ll see if the wait for the new prettier web page was worth it.

Anthony;
A “couple of weeks” from April 15th would be about 3 days ago.
I do not see the new and improved communication presentation or sea level. Do you think that they meant a traditional 7 day weeks or some kind of new and improved variable length climate change week?
A variable length week would yield a variable length year, decade and century; this would vastly improve the predictive capacity of the computer models. Do you suppose that this is what they have not been communicating very well, the variable length climate change week?

savethesharks
May 3, 2011 9:37 pm

izen says:
May 3, 2011 at 8:36 am
A continual steady rise in sea levewl over the length of available records.
However this is not as definitive a conformation of global sea level rise as might be desired.
The Netherlands are subject to isostatic rebound from the loss of the North Eurasian ice-cap at the end of the last glacial period so it is sinking relative to sea level.
Meanwhile the measurements are often taken at harbours and bridges newly built on reclaimed/drained land which also subsides as water is lost and sediment build-up weighs down the surface.
Eclipse records indicate very little possible variation in sea level for the last 6000 years certainly nothing of the magnitude of millimeters a year seen over the last century. Archeological evidence supports that. The recent rise is probably unprecedented since the end of the last glacial period and the A1 melt pulse during the Holocene optimum.
==================
Nice attempt at CYA, Izen.
Besides the isostatic rebound to the north and the corresponding subsidence of the North Sea region around Holland, please cite your evidence of the “eclipse records” and archeological evidence “supporting that”.
This “unprecedented rise” since the A1 melt pulse after the last glaciation….again….cite your evidence.
Chris
Norfolk, VA, USA

savethesharks
May 3, 2011 9:40 pm

Correction when I say “supporting that” I mean Izen’s allegations per his/her quote…not the fact that isostatic rebound and the related subsidence is real, which it is.

krazykiwi
May 3, 2011 9:47 pm

Have a look at this tapestry of Tower of London circa 1150AD, and this photo from 2005. Notice any sea level rise?

izen
May 3, 2011 11:05 pm

@-savethesharks says:
May 3, 2011 at 9:37 pm
“Besides the isostatic rebound to the north and the corresponding subsidence of the North Sea region around Holland, please cite your evidence of the “eclipse records” and archeological evidence “supporting that”.”
Try this –
http://historyoftheancientworld.com/2010/10/in-search-of-lost-time-ancient-eclipses-roman-fish-tanks-and-the-enigma-of-global-sea-level-rise/

Espen
May 3, 2011 11:49 pm

Joshua Corning says:
May 3, 2011 at 3:30 pm
“sea level rise has not accelerated at all”
Maybe they are taking the fact that a deceleration is technically an acceleration and running with it in the hopes that no one notices.

They’re just applying Mannian math, where the sign is insignificant (remember upside-down Tijander?).
🙂

SteveE
May 4, 2011 12:43 am

Smokey.
Have a look at the graph I linked to and tell me it’s not accelerating over the last 100 years.
Figure 3a.

SteveE
May 4, 2011 12:53 am

TonyK says:
May 3, 2011 at 11:10 am
Are you aware how tides work? They go up and down twice a day normally and in some places that can be as much as 14m such as in the Bristol channel between England and Wales.
The tidal range in Southapmton is ~3m so a change of a few centimeters since that thing was built isn’t going to stop it working just yet. Trying to suggest that that is proof that global sea levels are rising though is quite idiotic though, much like saying it was cold here today therefore global warming can’t be happening.

SteveE
May 4, 2011 1:14 am

krazykiwi says:
May 3, 2011 at 9:47 pm
You’re just making yourself look silly now.
I’ll give you a clue… the Tower of London is on a river with a tidal range. It goes up and down.

Espen
May 4, 2011 3:03 am

I’ve glanced through their executive summary which is now posted to http://www.amap.no/ – and I quote from page 4:
The Arctic is warming. Surface air temperatures in the Arctic since 2005 have been higher than for any five-year period since measurements began around 1880. The increase in annual average temperature since 1980 has been twice as high over the Arctic as it has been over the rest of the world. Evidence from lake sediments, tree rings and ice cores indicates that Arctic summer temperatures have been higher in the past few decades than at any time in the past 2000 years.
First: Since when did 5-year periods become long enough to measure climate change? I guess they had to concentrate on the last 5 years to get a period that was really warmer than any equally long period from the 30s or 40s.
Second: What “evidence from lake sediments, tree rings and ice cores” (there are no references in the executive summary)? It would be interesting if they are going to present new research, but my guess is that the reference for this is Kaufman et al 2009, with all its problems (including the use of Yamal tree rings) that Steve McIntyre has pointed out.

pk
May 4, 2011 3:34 am

i know that this is urinating in the holy water but has anyone given thought to the possibility that at least some of the tidal gauges are sinking rather than the sea rising.
we have seen in the temperature side of the screaming and shouting many incidences where the instruments have been exposed to air conditioner exhaust, jet blast heat, building reflection …….. that give “interesting readings”. has the instrumentation in this area been examined and calibrated………
C

TonyK
May 4, 2011 7:26 am

SteveE says:
May 4, 2011 at 12:53 am
The tidal range in Southampton is ~3m so a change of a few centimeters since that thing was built isn’t going to stop it working just yet.
Sorry, I’m not sure what’s going on here! I posted this to show there is no appreciable relative sea level rise at this location. Over almost a thousand years it should have gone up about three metres and the mill (or at least the site on which it is built) should be inundated, even at low tide. Conclusion – no appreciable relative level rise. Of course, the land may well be rising to compensate, but given the geology I don’t think so. All around my local area is ample evidence that the sea has NOT risen in thousands of years. Can anyone show incontravertible evidence that it is rising (in an absolute sense, not just because the land is sinking) anywhere?

SteveE
May 4, 2011 7:58 am

TonyK says:
May 4, 2011 at 7:26 am
That seems to agree that sea level has remained fairly static until resently when it can now be measured at increasing at 3mm per year.
I’m glad that this mill can be used to demonstrate that sea level must be increasing at an accelerating rate otherwise it would have been innudated by now.
Well done!

SteveE
May 4, 2011 8:04 am

TonyK, have a look at figure 3a in the below paper on sea level rise and you’ll see that during the 19th centuary sea level was fairly static at less than 1 mm per year. This has steadily been increasing since then and at precent is ~3mm per year.
This increase is due to global warming that is melting the ice caps and causing thermal expansion of the water and is caused by mans use of fossil fuels since the industrial revolution.
http://academics.eckerd.edu/instructor/hastindw/MS1410-001_FA08/handouts/2008SLRSustain.pdf

Espen
May 4, 2011 8:33 am

SteveE, you conveniently ignore the fact that sea levels dropped during the little ice age, so there would have been a rebound regardless of human activites.

Editor
May 4, 2011 10:04 am

izen says:
May 3, 2011 at 8:36 am

… Eclipse records indicate very little possible variation in sea level for the last 6000 years certainly nothing of the magnitude of millimeters a year seen over the last century.

That is a fascinating way to look at it, do you have a citation? Seems like it would be a useful metric.
w.

Editor
May 4, 2011 10:19 am

SteveE says:
May 4, 2011 at 12:43 am

Smokey.
Have a look at the graph I linked to and tell me it’s not accelerating over the last 100 years.
Figure 3a.

It’s not accelerating over the last 100 years. The graph has improperly spliced satellite and tide gauge records, and reported the higher satellite records as an “acceleration”. You really have to be careful with AGW supporters, they’ll move the pea under the thimble when you’re not looking.
Here’s one way you can tell if sea level claims are bogus — look for the name “John Hunter” among the authors. He’s a wild-eyed AGW supporter, his presence guarantees headlines about ‘acceleration” and “dangerous” and the like.
In addition, note that (if the Church/White paper is correct) the change in the rate of seal level rise occurred about 1930, and since then the rise has been nearly linear … perhaps you’d care to explain that oddity, since Church/White didn’t discuss that.
Indeed, a close look at their figure 3a shows a straight line from about 1870 to 1910, a drop to 1930, and a straight line rise since then. Now, how does that particular change fit into the AGW scenario?
The problem is that climate scientists have forgotten how to say “we don’t know”. We don’t know why the sea level fell from 1910 to 1930. We don’t know why it started to rise again.
But one thing is clear … greenhouse gases have nothing to do with a drop in sea level in 1910 …
w.

TimC
May 4, 2011 10:23 am

: the point of this article is that, contrary to the earlier well-hyped papers and forecasts, the satellite record shows no acceleration in the rise in sea levels. The satellites show, if anything, that the rise marginally decelerated as from 1994 to 2010: see figure 1 heading this article. (If there is no acceleration AGW theory effectively collapses, which is why it’s such a sensitive issue.)
It’s really no use just regurgitating the earlier papers. If Anthony and Willis are right the up-to-date data disproves them so a new theory must found to account for the data. But it’s relatively early days and at a rise of only ~12 inches/century we needn’t rush to judgement.

May 4, 2011 10:26 am

WUWT link used in Digg thread on this story: http://digg.com/news/science/record_arctic_warming_to_boost_sea_level_rise
Comment #12 of 13 (at this time). At 19 hours ago, this is pretty much off the news cycle for Digg.
Interesting that only 9 unique people made only 13 comments, and the last was “yawn”. People are waking up. Grats to WUWT and thanks for your contribution. Last year, AGW stories would get hundreds on comments on Digg and Fark, now: not so much.

Bowen
May 4, 2011 10:34 am

I say their climate model . . . is drone computers that run on a loop . . . .

TimC
May 4, 2011 12:23 pm

@Willis: re your last to izen (who I don’t think has yet responded), the “eclipse records” are referred to in the video link at the URL izen gave above (“Try this –“).
The metric seems to be that comparing medieval eclipse records against modern-day calculation produces historic values for ΔT from which accumulated delays in orbital rotation can be obtained, hence mean sea levels by conservation of orbital momentum.
BTW, Meeus’ Astronomical Algorithms (2nd Ed) already gives apparently accurate values for ΔT back to 1620, in case you are interested.

krazykiwi
May 4, 2011 1:16 pm

– Thanks. I was aware of that.

fred nerk
May 4, 2011 6:33 pm

I thought Archimedes principle had something about ice and water

SteveE
May 5, 2011 1:17 am

Espen says:
May 4, 2011 at 8:33 am
And what about the MWP then?

SteveE
May 5, 2011 2:35 am

Willis Eschenbach
The drop in rate of sea level rise associated with the late 19th/early 18th centuary link quite nicely with sun spot decrease during that time:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sunspot_Numbers.png
Perhaps not to Mauder or Dalton minimum levels, but certainly a low which would explain the “drop” you mention.
It also isn’t a straight line since then as the graph in figure 3b clearly shows the 20-year trend.
It increased post ~1930 to 2mm/year then fell again to ~1.5mm/yr in the mid 20th centuary and then started rising again in the 1980’s and is continuing to a high of over 3mm/yr.
The paper describes the fall in mid centuary as being linked to an increase in explosive volcanic eruptions during this time. It doesn’t provide any graphs that show this link, but a quick search finds other papers that make this observation (figure 6):
http://www.pages.unibe.ch/products/scientific_foci/qsr_pages/zielinski.pdf
I think that covers all your points. I can’t really comment on your remark about John Hunter though, however if it’s any consolation I have similar thoughts when I see an article written by yourself.
Steve

Espen
May 5, 2011 10:58 am

SteveE says:
And what about the MWP then?
Yes, what about it?

Spector
May 5, 2011 9:14 pm

RE: Accelerating
Just a reminder, for many, especially those who have not had a course in college calculus, the word ‘accelerating’ may be indistinguishable from ‘increasing.’

rizzo
May 6, 2011 7:18 am

Well obviously we’ve got alarmists, look at Al Gore, aka the worst thing to happen to environmentalism this century. Regardless, it’s probably best that we start cutting back on CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gasses. The jet stream and North Atlantic currents are already starting to get screwed up. I’m not worried about being NYC being underwater, I’m worried about ice storms all winter in Pennsylvania and tornadoes and flooding killing hundreds in the midwest every year.