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	<title>Comments on: The Stevenson Screen  Paint Test</title>
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	<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/</link>
	<description>The world&#039;s most viewed site on global warming and climate change</description>
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		<title>By: GJ M</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-44755</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[GJ M]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Oct 2008 12:48:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-44755</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hi - any dates yet on when we can expect to see the results]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi &#8211; any dates yet on when we can expect to see the results</p>
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		<title>By: Anthony Watts</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-708</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Anthony Watts]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Sep 2007 16:37:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-708</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The first months worth of continuous data is now completed. I&#039;ll analyse and post it soon.
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first months worth of continuous data is now completed. I&#8217;ll analyse and post it soon.</p>
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		<title>By: Roger</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-707</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Roger]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Sep 2007 12:39:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-707</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[And?  How is the test going?
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>And?  How is the test going?</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: David Clark</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-706</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Clark]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Aug 2007 04:47:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-706</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Anthony,
How is the the screen paint test going? Do you have any idea how those little louvered cylinders we see in so many of the surface station photographs compare to the Stevenson screens in terms of temperature influence?
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Anthony,<br />
How is the the screen paint test going? Do you have any idea how those little louvered cylinders we see in so many of the surface station photographs compare to the Stevenson screens in terms of temperature influence?</p>
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		<title>By: John Hamon</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-705</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[John Hamon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Jul 2007 23:05:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-705</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Dear Jim from Canada:
I live about 50 miles north of the 49th. I&#039;ve crossed into Montana at Opheim and other stations.  Many US Customs offices  had a Stevenson screen, along with other instruments, just a few meters behind their station.
I recall discussing this topic with a U.S customs officer who had recorded temp. for many years. I think the grassed-in and well trimmed surface is extemely important. I also believe that the traditional stand (cedar) has now been replaced with metal. Heat absorption varies greatly between metallic surfaces. I&#039;d trust the cedar painted with semi-gloss.
Environment Canada has now replaced most stevenson screens  with plastic or vinyl imitations. Temp., rainfall, snow etc. are  now recorded by computer and the data is  transmitted via satelite. Many weather stations are isolated, away from populated areas. It greatly lacks the &quot;human touch&quot; of a manual recording. Anthony is working on a worthwhile project!!
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dear Jim from Canada:<br />
I live about 50 miles north of the 49th. I&#8217;ve crossed into Montana at Opheim and other stations.  Many US Customs offices  had a Stevenson screen, along with other instruments, just a few meters behind their station.<br />
I recall discussing this topic with a U.S customs officer who had recorded temp. for many years. I think the grassed-in and well trimmed surface is extemely important. I also believe that the traditional stand (cedar) has now been replaced with metal. Heat absorption varies greatly between metallic surfaces. I&#8217;d trust the cedar painted with semi-gloss.<br />
Environment Canada has now replaced most stevenson screens  with plastic or vinyl imitations. Temp., rainfall, snow etc. are  now recorded by computer and the data is  transmitted via satelite. Many weather stations are isolated, away from populated areas. It greatly lacks the &#8220;human touch&#8221; of a manual recording. Anthony is working on a worthwhile project!!</p>
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		<title>By: Jim Brenner</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-704</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Jim Brenner]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Jul 2007 18:53:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-704</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Here in Canada, it was reccomended that the screen be mounted 4 ft. above a  grassed in surface, and that the grassed be kept mowed below 6&quot;. Not an easy task, however it is possible using hedge shears.
The standard stand used was 2x4 cedar, all surfaces, including the screen, were painted with a good quality exteriour enamel.
The principle behind the Stevenson Screen is to provide a standardized method of measuring exteriour air temperature. If indeed the colour of the surface affects temp. readings, that tells me that it`s time for a new design..
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here in Canada, it was reccomended that the screen be mounted 4 ft. above a  grassed in surface, and that the grassed be kept mowed below 6&#8243;. Not an easy task, however it is possible using hedge shears.<br />
The standard stand used was 2&#215;4 cedar, all surfaces, including the screen, were painted with a good quality exteriour enamel.<br />
The principle behind the Stevenson Screen is to provide a standardized method of measuring exteriour air temperature. If indeed the colour of the surface affects temp. readings, that tells me that it`s time for a new design..</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: Paul Biggs</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-703</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Paul Biggs]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Jul 2007 09:39:30 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-703</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Linked to from here:

&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.jennifermarohasy.com/blog/archives/002153.html&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;http://www.jennifermarohasy.com/blog/archives/002153.html&lt;/a&gt;
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Linked to from here:</p>
<p><a href="http://www.jennifermarohasy.com/blog/archives/002153.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.jennifermarohasy.com/blog/archives/002153.html</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>By: David Duff</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-702</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Duff]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jul 2007 12:24:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-702</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[You are far to busy to go looking round for my site so here is a copy of my post today:

&quot;The pursuit of knowledge through scientific enquiry has a rather romantic, even glamorous, image.  One imagines all those famous &quot;Eureka!&quot; moments.  Well, one has to imagine them because mostly they never happened!  However, for those prepared to spend a few minutes looking at the decidedly unglamourous face of practical scientific enquiry, you will do no better than visiting here.  The indefatigable Anthony Watts has done us all a service by mounting a national campaign to photograph the climate temperature sites in the USA from which much of the data is used to support &#039;Gormless&#039; Gore and his ilk.  That is a story in itself but Watts has taken it one stage further.

All official US temperature recording equipment, at their various sites, is housed in specially designed timber boxes called Stevenson screens and have been so since 1892.  Originally the specification for these &#039;boxes&#039; was that they should be painted in whitewash.  However, &#039;Watts the Diligent&#039; decided to investigate and found that &quot;... the National Weather Service changed the specification in 1979 to be semi-gloss latex paint.&quot;  Why does this matter?  Because, as Watts points out, &quot;cured whitewash is composed of Calcium Carbonate, while latex paint uses Titanium Dioxide as a pigment. While they both appear &quot;white&quot; in visible light, they have vastly different properties in infrared.&quot;  A very quick and not to be relied on test indicated a difference in temperature between the differently-finished timbers of 2 - 4 degrees at various times.

That was enough for &#039;Watts the Seeker of Truth&#039; to fork out $3,000 of his own money to buy three Stevenson screens to test his hypothesis.  One is left unpainted to act as a control and the others are painted respectively in whitewash and semi-gloss paint.  He has gone to considerable trouble to pick a site as clear of interference as is possible, in direct contrast to the existing official sites!  We now await results - but the results are not the prime importance here, it is the careful, unglamourous but dedicated pursuit of scientific knowledge that Watts exemplifies that is wholly deserving of our admiration and, given the importance of the field in which he is working, our gratitude.

]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>You are far to busy to go looking round for my site so here is a copy of my post today:</p>
<p>&#8220;The pursuit of knowledge through scientific enquiry has a rather romantic, even glamorous, image.  One imagines all those famous &#8220;Eureka!&#8221; moments.  Well, one has to imagine them because mostly they never happened!  However, for those prepared to spend a few minutes looking at the decidedly unglamourous face of practical scientific enquiry, you will do no better than visiting here.  The indefatigable Anthony Watts has done us all a service by mounting a national campaign to photograph the climate temperature sites in the USA from which much of the data is used to support &#8216;Gormless&#8217; Gore and his ilk.  That is a story in itself but Watts has taken it one stage further.</p>
<p>All official US temperature recording equipment, at their various sites, is housed in specially designed timber boxes called Stevenson screens and have been so since 1892.  Originally the specification for these &#8216;boxes&#8217; was that they should be painted in whitewash.  However, &#8216;Watts the Diligent&#8217; decided to investigate and found that &#8220;&#8230; the National Weather Service changed the specification in 1979 to be semi-gloss latex paint.&#8221;  Why does this matter?  Because, as Watts points out, &#8220;cured whitewash is composed of Calcium Carbonate, while latex paint uses Titanium Dioxide as a pigment. While they both appear &#8220;white&#8221; in visible light, they have vastly different properties in infrared.&#8221;  A very quick and not to be relied on test indicated a difference in temperature between the differently-finished timbers of 2 &#8211; 4 degrees at various times.</p>
<p>That was enough for &#8216;Watts the Seeker of Truth&#8217; to fork out $3,000 of his own money to buy three Stevenson screens to test his hypothesis.  One is left unpainted to act as a control and the others are painted respectively in whitewash and semi-gloss paint.  He has gone to considerable trouble to pick a site as clear of interference as is possible, in direct contrast to the existing official sites!  We now await results &#8211; but the results are not the prime importance here, it is the careful, unglamourous but dedicated pursuit of scientific knowledge that Watts exemplifies that is wholly deserving of our admiration and, given the importance of the field in which he is working, our gratitude.</p>
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		<title>By: Soren Monies</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-701</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Soren Monies]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jul 2007 08:43:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-701</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It may not apply in your setup, but the cabling from the screens could be subject to eh, datamanipulation from the critters living in the undergrowth...?  One test-setup I have information about, had to route the cabling through hydraulic hoses (steel armored) to protect from the gnawing little beasts
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It may not apply in your setup, but the cabling from the screens could be subject to eh, datamanipulation from the critters living in the undergrowth&#8230;?  One test-setup I have information about, had to route the cabling through hydraulic hoses (steel armored) to protect from the gnawing little beasts</p>
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		<title>By: Mark Francis</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-700</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mark Francis]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jul 2007 00:21:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-700</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Anthony:  Keep up the great work!
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Anthony:  Keep up the great work!</p>
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		<title>By: David Walton</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-699</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[David Walton]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jul 2007 21:07:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-699</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hey, nice set up, Anthony.  It looks like you snapped the photo around noon and to me it doesn&#039;t look like shade will be a factor (except in winter, perhaps).  Which way is north?

If you need a hand with weeds I can always use a little exercise.

I also have a little Round Up, if that is acceptable.
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hey, nice set up, Anthony.  It looks like you snapped the photo around noon and to me it doesn&#8217;t look like shade will be a factor (except in winter, perhaps).  Which way is north?</p>
<p>If you need a hand with weeds I can always use a little exercise.</p>
<p>I also have a little Round Up, if that is acceptable.</p>
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		<title>By: Mark Sorensen</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-698</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mark Sorensen]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jul 2007 20:51:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-698</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Great work, Anthony!

As for a shortage of “whitewash”… I can certainly see why.

My gosh, look at how much they need to use in Washington and in Sacramento on a daily basis!

Heck, they’re gunna need thousands of gallons of the stuff to try to cover up www.surfacestations.org :- )

]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great work, Anthony!</p>
<p>As for a shortage of “whitewash”… I can certainly see why.</p>
<p>My gosh, look at how much they need to use in Washington and in Sacramento on a daily basis!</p>
<p>Heck, they’re gunna need thousands of gallons of the stuff to try to cover up <a href="http://www.surfacestations.org" rel="nofollow">http://www.surfacestations.org</a> :- )</p>
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		<title>By: Anthony</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-697</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Anthony]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jul 2007 15:46:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-697</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Lon,

I should mention that in my quest to ensure accuracy of measurement, I did in fact install a small a/c unit nearby. But it&#039;s not what you think.

By necessity, the data-logger has to be outside, and it is 75 feet away from the screens. I wanted 100 feet, but I could not get calibrated probes with 100 foot cables, so I had to accept what was available.

The data-logger would be exposed to sun, dust, and diurnally varying temperatures. I was also concerned that over 100 degree temperatures might fry the electronics, since they have a 7805 (Lon I&#039;m sure you know the part)voltage regulator on the circuit board with no heatsink.

To remove that worry and potential accuracy problem, I placed the data-logger in one of those 12 volt DC powered &quot;camping coolers&quot; to ensure a constant temperature, shield from sun, and insurance against 110 degree afternoons.

]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Lon,</p>
<p>I should mention that in my quest to ensure accuracy of measurement, I did in fact install a small a/c unit nearby. But it&#8217;s not what you think.</p>
<p>By necessity, the data-logger has to be outside, and it is 75 feet away from the screens. I wanted 100 feet, but I could not get calibrated probes with 100 foot cables, so I had to accept what was available.</p>
<p>The data-logger would be exposed to sun, dust, and diurnally varying temperatures. I was also concerned that over 100 degree temperatures might fry the electronics, since they have a 7805 (Lon I&#8217;m sure you know the part)voltage regulator on the circuit board with no heatsink.</p>
<p>To remove that worry and potential accuracy problem, I placed the data-logger in one of those 12 volt DC powered &#8220;camping coolers&#8221; to ensure a constant temperature, shield from sun, and insurance against 110 degree afternoons.</p>
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		<title>By: Anthony</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-696</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Anthony]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jul 2007 15:31:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-696</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Ken, Thanks for bringing up the question.

I have two methods:

1- Next week I plan to do some sun angle/treeline measurements, so that I can determine a window within which no shade is received. Because the main driver of the experiment is solar insolation, and because the data is timestamped, I can then exclude data outside that window. IE just look at &quot;full sun&quot; and &quot;full dark&quot; data.

2- you may notice that the screens are not anchored to the soil. The reason for that is so that I can swap positions and run the test again. I also plan to run a test where all three screens are over a concrete slab, gravel, asphalt, etc, since we&#039;ve seen that sort of siting issue. Getting data on how the screens perform over different surfaces is equally important.

Bishop: &quot;The unpainted screen appears to have some grass growing around it. Could this distort the result?&quot;

Indeed it would, but its starthistle, not grass, and it&#039;s density is low. I have permission to bring in a weed wacker next week to take them down.

The actual experiment won&#039;t start for a week, since it will take that long for the whitewash to cure, so if anyone sees issues that need addressing, don&#039;t be afraid to post them.

While I admit the site is not perfect, I had to choose between this site or not doing the experiment at all. I did have a perfect site originally, but the owner had concerns about fire danger that I could not assuage, even though I explained the thermistor cables carry only tiny voltages and currents.
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ken, Thanks for bringing up the question.</p>
<p>I have two methods:</p>
<p>1- Next week I plan to do some sun angle/treeline measurements, so that I can determine a window within which no shade is received. Because the main driver of the experiment is solar insolation, and because the data is timestamped, I can then exclude data outside that window. IE just look at &#8220;full sun&#8221; and &#8220;full dark&#8221; data.</p>
<p>2- you may notice that the screens are not anchored to the soil. The reason for that is so that I can swap positions and run the test again. I also plan to run a test where all three screens are over a concrete slab, gravel, asphalt, etc, since we&#8217;ve seen that sort of siting issue. Getting data on how the screens perform over different surfaces is equally important.</p>
<p>Bishop: &#8220;The unpainted screen appears to have some grass growing around it. Could this distort the result?&#8221;</p>
<p>Indeed it would, but its starthistle, not grass, and it&#8217;s density is low. I have permission to bring in a weed wacker next week to take them down.</p>
<p>The actual experiment won&#8217;t start for a week, since it will take that long for the whitewash to cure, so if anyone sees issues that need addressing, don&#8217;t be afraid to post them.</p>
<p>While I admit the site is not perfect, I had to choose between this site or not doing the experiment at all. I did have a perfect site originally, but the owner had concerns about fire danger that I could not assuage, even though I explained the thermistor cables carry only tiny voltages and currents.</p>
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		<title>By: Ken</title>
		<link>http://wattsupwiththat.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-695</link>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ken]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jul 2007 14:58:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://wattsupwiththat.wordpress.com/2007/07/14/the-stevenson-screen-paint-test/#comment-695</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Regarding the shade... Which box gets the most?

Based on your description I&#039;d guess the two edge boxes (control, historical) are most likely to get it, not the latex box. How do you plan to account for this discrepancy in your data analysis?
]]></description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Regarding the shade&#8230; Which box gets the most?</p>
<p>Based on your description I&#8217;d guess the two edge boxes (control, historical) are most likely to get it, not the latex box. How do you plan to account for this discrepancy in your data analysis?</p>
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